Literary Chinese in Vietnam
Videos
Literary Chinese was the medium of all formal writing in Vietnam for almost all of the country's history until the early 20th century, when it was replaced by vernacular writing in Vietnamese using th
Wondrous Tales of Lĩnh Nam, a 14th-century collection of stories of Vietnamese history, written in Chinese
An 1814 printing of the preserved compliance note titled "Đỗi trực ngôn cực gián", written by Jiang Gongfu in 758
Xá Lợi Buddhist temple stele, erected in 601
Stelae at the Temple of Literature in Hanoi, recording the names of doctoral graduates in the civil service examinations
The Confucian court examination system in Vietnam was a civil service examination system for selecting civil officials. Established in 1075 under the Lý dynasty and lasting until 1919 under the Nguyễn
The civil service examination (1895) being administered. Exam invigilators are seen overseeing the testing.
A private class at a home in Vietnam (1895). The students studying are sitting on a sập.
A private class at a home in Vietnam.
A class during the Nguyễn dynasty. The children are being taught chữ Hán (Chinese characters).