1.
Community college
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A community college is a type of educational institution. In Australia, the community college refers to small private businesses running short courses generally of a self-improvement or hobbyist nature. Equivalent to the American notion of community colleges are Tertiary And Further Education colleges or TAFEs, there are also an increasing number of private providers, which are colloquially called colleges. Most Australian universities can also be traced back to such forerunners, in TAFEs and colleges today, courses are designed for personal development of an individual and/or for employment outcomes. A Certificate I may only run for 4 hours twice a week for a term of 9 weeks, a full-time Diploma course might have classes 4 days per week for a year. Some courses may be offered in the evenings or weekends to accommodate people working full-time, funding for colleges may come from government grants and course fees, and many are not-for-profit organisations. There are located in metropolitan, regional and rural locations of Australia, learning offered by TAFEs and colleges has changed over the years. By the 1980s many colleges had recognised a community need for computer training, TAFEs and colleges have not traditionally offered bachelors degrees, instead providing pathway arrangements with universities to continue towards degrees. The American innovation of the degree is emerging at some institutions. Certificate courses I to IV, diplomas and advanced diplomas are typically offered, recently, some TAFE institutes have also become higher education providers in their own right and are now starting to offer bachelors degrees programs. In Canada, community colleges are adult educational institutions that provide education and tertiary education. Each province has its own system, as prescribed by the Canadian federalism model of governance. A formative trend was the merging of the then separate vocational training, Canadian colleges are either publicly funded or private post-secondary institutions. There are 150 institutions that are equivalent to the US community college in certain contexts. They are usually referred to simply as colleges since in common usage a degree-granting institution is almost exclusively a university, University degrees are usually attained through four years of study. The term associate degree is used in western Canada to refer to a two-year college arts or science degree, in other parts of Canada the term advanced degree is used to indicate a 3- or 4-year college program. In the province of Quebec, three years is the norm for a university degree because a year of credit is earned in the CEGEP system, the word College can also refer to a private High School in Quebec. The courses offered by these colleges are diplomas, advance diplomas, the duration of these courses usually ranges from six months to two years
2.
East Hollywood, Los Angeles
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East Hollywood is a densely populated neighborhood of 78, 000+ residents in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It is notable for being the site of Los Angeles City College, Barnsdall Park, there are seven public and five private schools, as well as a branch of the Los Angeles Public Library and three hospitals. Almost two-thirds of the living there were born outside the United States. In 2000 the neighborhood had high percentages of never-married people and of single parents, in the early 20th century, the East Hollywood area was a farming village that also encompassed some of what is now Los Feliz. Parts of the neighborhood were formerly known as Prospect Park, in 1910 the towns of Hollywood and East Hollywood approved annexation to the City of Los Angeles in order to tap into the city water supply. In 1914, Childrens Hospital was relocated from downtown LA to Vermont Avenue, in 1916 steel magnate Andrew Carnegie donated the money to construct the Cahuenga Branch of the Los Angeles Public Library on Santa Monica Boulevard. In the early 1920s, Barnsdall Park was built, the 1920s were also a time of massive immigration into East Hollywood. Armenian immigrants established the community that is now Little Armenia, the University of California Southern Branch, needing more space, moved west at the end of the 1920s to a ranch called Westwood and became UCLA. The old Southern Branch campus then became Los Angeles Junior College, in 1930 Cedars of Lebanon Hospital was formed when Kaspare Cohn Hospital moved from East Los Angeles to a new building on Fountain Avenue and was renamed. US101, the Hollywood Freeway, was built between 1947 and 1949, in the summer of 1999 three Metro Red Line subway stations opened, connecting East Hollywood more efficiently to the rest of the city. The 2000 U. S. census counted 73,967 residents in the 2. 38-square-mile East Hollywood neighborhood—or 31,095 people per square mile, in 2008, the city estimated that the population had increased to 78,192. In 2000 the median age for residents was 31, about average for city and county neighborhoods, the percentage of residents aged 19 to 34 was among the countys highest. The neighborhood was moderately diverse ethnically within Los Angeles, the statistics being Latino people of any race,60. 4%, Asians,15. 5%, Non-Hispanic Whites,17. 5%, blacks,2. 4%, and others,4. 1%. El Salvador and Mexico were the most common places of birth for the 66. 5% of the residents who were born abroad—which was a high percentage compared to Los Angeles as a whole. The median yearly income in 2008 dollars was $29,927, considered low for the city. Renters occupied 91. 3% of the stock, and house- or apartment-owners held 8. 7%. The average household size of three people was average for Los Angeles, the percentages of never-married women and men were among the countys highest. One-fifth of the 3,281 families were headed by single parents, in 2000 there were 1,509 veterans, or 2. 8% of the population, a low rate compared with the rest of the city and county
3.
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
4.
Geographic coordinate system
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A geographic coordinate system is a coordinate system used in geography that enables every location on Earth to be specified by a set of numbers, letters or symbols. The coordinates are chosen such that one of the numbers represents a vertical position. A common choice of coordinates is latitude, longitude and elevation, to specify a location on a two-dimensional map requires a map projection. The invention of a coordinate system is generally credited to Eratosthenes of Cyrene. Ptolemy credited him with the adoption of longitude and latitude. Ptolemys 2nd-century Geography used the prime meridian but measured latitude from the equator instead. Mathematical cartography resumed in Europe following Maximus Planudes recovery of Ptolemys text a little before 1300, in 1884, the United States hosted the International Meridian Conference, attended by representatives from twenty-five nations. Twenty-two of them agreed to adopt the longitude of the Royal Observatory in Greenwich, the Dominican Republic voted against the motion, while France and Brazil abstained. France adopted Greenwich Mean Time in place of local determinations by the Paris Observatory in 1911, the latitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle between the equatorial plane and the straight line that passes through that point and through the center of the Earth. Lines joining points of the same latitude trace circles on the surface of Earth called parallels, as they are parallel to the equator, the north pole is 90° N, the south pole is 90° S. The 0° parallel of latitude is designated the equator, the plane of all geographic coordinate systems. The equator divides the globe into Northern and Southern Hemispheres, the longitude of a point on Earths surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that point. All meridians are halves of great ellipses, which converge at the north and south poles, the prime meridian determines the proper Eastern and Western Hemispheres, although maps often divide these hemispheres further west in order to keep the Old World on a single side. The antipodal meridian of Greenwich is both 180°W and 180°E, the combination of these two components specifies the position of any location on the surface of Earth, without consideration of altitude or depth. The grid formed by lines of latitude and longitude is known as a graticule, the origin/zero point of this system is located in the Gulf of Guinea about 625 km south of Tema, Ghana. To completely specify a location of a feature on, in, or above Earth. Earth is not a sphere, but a shape approximating a biaxial ellipsoid. It is nearly spherical, but has an equatorial bulge making the radius at the equator about 0. 3% larger than the radius measured through the poles, the shorter axis approximately coincides with the axis of rotation
5.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
6.
Los Angeles Community College District
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Its headquarters are in Downtown Los Angeles. Over the past seventy-seven years LACCD has served as educator to more than three million students, in addition to typical college aged students, the LACCD also serves adults of all ages. Indeed, over half of all LACCD students are older than 25 years of age, LACCD educates almost three times as many Latino students and nearly four times as many African-American students as all of the University of California campuses combined. Eighty percent of LACCD students are from underserved populations, the Los Angeles Community College District is the largest community college district in the United States and is one of the largest in the world. The nine colleges within the district offer educational opportunities to students in Los Angeles and it serves students located in the Alhambra, Beverly Hills, Burbank, Culver City, Garvey, Las Virgenes, Los Angeles, Montebello, Palos Verdes and San Gabriel school districts. The LACCD consists of nine colleges and covers an area of more than 882 square miles. As of May 2016, the members are Scott J. Svonkin, Mike Eng, Mike Fong, Andra Hoffman, Sydney K. Kamlager, Ernest H. Moreno, Board members are elected by voters in the district for terms of four years. Elections are held two years, with three members being chosen at one election and four members at the other. The President and Vice President of the Board of Trustees are elected by the Board for one-year terms at the organizational meeting. A Second Vice president is elected at the discretion of the Board, a student member is elected annually—the term is June 1 through May 31 of each year. The Board generally meets twice a month on Wednesday with the session commencing at 2 p. m. with closed session to follow. On certain occasions, special meetings of the Board are sometimes called to handle business that cannot be handled with completely at regular meetings, the District is modernizing all of its facilities, including all nine of its colleges, through a $6 billion Building Program. The program is funded primarily through bond measures approved by voters in 2001,2003, as of its most recent report, approximately $3.1 billion of the $6 billion has been spent or committed
7.
Vermont Avenue
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Vermont Avenue is one of the longest running north/south streets in Los Angeles and Los Angeles County, California. With a length of 23.3 miles, is the third longest of the north/south thoroughfares in the region, for most of its length between its southern end in San Pedro and south of Downtown Los Angeles, it runs parallel to the west of the Harbor Freeway. Vermont Avenue begins just north of San Pedro at a five-point intersection with Anaheim Street, Gaffey Street, after a short distance, Normandie Avenue branches off due north while Vermont turns northeast towards its intersection with Pacific Coast Highway. Afterwards, it roughly in a straight line north for 22 miles. North of PCH, is passes through the area of West Carson before crossing the San Diego Freeway. Between a point south of the intersection with Artesia Boulevard/western end of the Gardena Freeway, at 164th Street in Gardena, Vermont widens from a four-lane thoroughfare to a six-lane road with a wide median. From 164th Street, a railway runs through the median to a point just north of Redondo Beach Boulevard. From 88th Street to Gage Avenue, Vermont Avenue includes adjacent frontage roads, Vermont Avenue then passes at the western end of the University of Southern California and Exposition Park in South Los Angeles. In August 2012, the City of Los Angeles designated a portion of Vermont Avenue in Pico-Union as the El Salvador Community Corridor, between the Santa Monica Freeway and the Hollywood Freeway, Vermont Avenue crosses Wilshire Boulevard and passes through Koreatown. It then forms the boundary of the East Hollywood district of Hollywood as it passes through Little Armenia. It intersects Sunset Boulevard, next to the Childrens Hospital Los Angeles, at the intersection with Los Feliz Boulevard, it becomes a divided road with one lane in each direction as it heads to Griffith Park. Entering the park, it becomes signed as Vermont Canyon Road before it passes by the Greek Theatre. The road then ends at the intersection with Observatory Road, the route to the Griffith Observatory. Vermont Avenue has the most Metro rail stations on it of any street in the Metro subway and light rail system, vermont/Santa Monica station Santa Monica Boulevard. Purple Line, Wilshire/Vermont station at Wilshire Boulevard, expo Line, Vermont/Expo station at Exposition Boulevard. Green Line, Vermont/Athens station at the Century Freeway/Interstate 105, Metro is currently proposing a short subway line from Wilshire/Vermont station to Vermont/Expo station. Metro Local lines 204 and 205, Gardena Transit line 2, run along Vermont Avenue, as well as Metro Rapid line 754 and Metro Express line 550. Metro lines 204 and 754 run between Sunset Boulevard and Vermont Green Line Station Gardena line 2 between Interstate 105 and the Harbor Gateway Transit Center, and Metro lines 205 and 550 to PCH
8.
Santa Monica Boulevard
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Santa Monica Boulevard is a major west-east thoroughfare in Los Angeles County. It breaks off Sunset Boulevard at Sunset Junction and ends at Ocean Avenue in Santa Monica near the Pacific Ocean, the western terminus of Santa Monica Boulevard is at Ocean Avenue near the Pacific Ocean. From there until the San Diego Freeway, Santa Monica Boulevard is an urban commercial street. It assumes the designation California State Route 2 between Lincoln Boulevard and the Hollywood Freeway, Santa Monica Boulevard, being a major street, is for most of its length at least four lanes wide. Most of the Westside car dealerships are located on Santa Monica Boulevard, after Sepulveda Boulevard, Santa Monica Boulevard passes by Century City and its shopping center, and intersects with Wilshire Boulevard in Beverly Hills. After intersecting with Wilshire in Beverly Hills, Santa Monica Boulevard continues northeast towards West Hollywood, spanning Beverly Boulevard, at Holloway Drive, in the middle of West Hollywood, Santa Monica, now north of Melrose Avenue turns to run east. In West Hollywood, between Doheny Drive and Fairfax Avenue along Santa Monica Boulevard, bronze plaques are embedded in the sidewalks as part of the West Hollywood Memorial Walk. One of the most famous spots for prostitution and transgender prostitution is Santa Monica Boulevard in the Hollywood area. The original southern end of California State Route 170 was at the intersection with Highland Avenue, Santa Monica Boulevard merges on its eastern end with Sunset Boulevard in the Sunset Junction neighborhood of Silver Lake. After Rexford Drive, Little Santa Monica turns east, becoming Burton Way, Burton Way merges into San Vicente Boulevard at its intersection with La Cienega Boulevard. Metro Local line 4, Metro Rapid line 704 and Santa Monica Transit Line 1 operate on Santa Monica Boulevard, the Metro Red Line serves an underground station on Santa Monica Boulevard at its intersection with Vermont Avenue
9.
University of California, Los Angeles
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The University of California, Los Angeles is a public research university in the Westwood district of Los Angeles, California, United States. It became the Southern Branch of the University of California in 1919 and it offers 337 undergraduate and graduate degree programs in a wide range of disciplines. UCLA enrolls about 31,000 undergraduate and 13,000 graduate students, and had 119,000 applicants for Fall 2016, including transfer applicants, the university is organized into six undergraduate colleges, seven professional schools, and four professional health science schools. Fourteen Nobel laureates, three Fields Medalists, two Chief Scientists of the U. S. Air Force and three Turing Award winners have been faculty, researchers, or alumni, the university was elected to the Association of American Universities in 1974. The Times Higher Education World University Rankings for 2015–2016 ranked UCLA 16th in the world for academics, in 2015-2016, UCLA ranked 12th in the world by the Academic Ranking of World Universities and 31st in the 2016/17 QS World University Rankings. UCLA student-athletes compete as the Bruins in the Pac-12 Conference, the Bruins won 126 national championships, including 113 NCAA team championships, more than any other university. UCLA student-athletes, coaches and staff won 251 Olympic medals,126 gold,65 silver and 60 bronze, UCLA student-athletes competed in every Olympics since 1920 with one exception, and won a gold medal in every Olympics that the United States participated in since 1932. The State Normal School at Los Angeles opened on August 29,1882, the facility included an elementary school where teachers-in-training could practice their technique with children. That elementary school is related to the present day version, UCLA Lab School, in 1887, the school became known as the Los Angeles State Normal School. In 1914, the moved to a new campus on Vermont Avenue in East Hollywood. However, David Prescott Barrows, the new President of the University of California, the same legislation added its general undergraduate program, the College of Letters and Science. After the athletic teams entered the Pacific Coast conference in 1926, the Southern Branch student council adopted the nickname Bruins, in 1927, the Regents renamed the Southern Branch the University of California at Los Angeles. In the same year, the state broke ground in Westwood on land sold for $1 million, less than one-third its value, by real estate developers Edwin and Harold Janss, the campus in Westwood opened to students in 1929. The original four buildings were the College Library, Royce Hall, the Physics-Biology Building, the first undergraduate classes on the new campus were held in 1929 with 5,500 students. A timeline of the history can be found on its website, during its first 32 years, UCLA was treated as an off-site department of UC. As such, its presiding officer was called a provost, in 1951, UCLA was formally elevated to co-equal status with UC Berkeley, and its presiding officer Raymond B. Allen was the first chief executive to be granted the title of chancellor. The appointment of Franklin David Murphy to the position of Chancellor in 1960 helped spark an era of growth of facilities. By the end of the decade, UCLA had achieved distinction in a range of subjects
10.
Pacific Electric
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Organized around the city centers of Los Angeles and San Bernardino, it connected cities in Los Angeles County, Orange County, San Bernardino County and Riverside County. The system had four districts, Northern District, San Gabriel Valley, including Pasadena, Mount Lowe, South Pasadena, Alhambra, El Monte, Covina, Duarte, Glendora, Azusa, Sierra Madre, and Monrovia. Eastern District, Pomona, San Bernardino, Arrowhead Springs, Riverside, Rialto, Southern District, Long Beach, Newport Beach, Huntington Beach, San Pedro via Dominguez, Santa Ana, El Segundo, Redondo Beach via Gardena, and San Pedro Via Torrance. Western District, Hollywood, Glendale/Burbank, San Fernando Valley, Beverly Hills, Santa Monica, Manhattan/Redondo/Hermosa Beaches, Venice, Electric trolleys first appeared in Los Angeles in 1887. The Pacific Electric Railway was created in 1901 by railroad executive Henry E. Huntington, Hellman, the President of the Nevada Bank, San Franciscos largest, became one of the largest bond holders for these lines and he and the younger Huntington developed a close business relationship. When uncle Collis died, Henry lost a battle for control of the Southern Pacific to Union Pacific President E. H. Harriman. Huntington then decided to focus his energies on Southern California, Hellman added that he had already tasked engineer Epes Randolph to survey and lay out the companys first line which would be to Long Beach. Hellman and his group of investors owned the majority of stock. Using surrogates, the syndicate began purchasing property and rights-of-ways, the new companys first main project, the line to Long Beach, opened July 4,1902. Huntington experienced periods of opposition from organized labor with the construction of the new railways, tensions between union leaders and like-minded Los Angeles businessmen were high from the early 1900s up through the 1920s. Strikes and boycotts troubled the Pacific Electric throughout those years until they reached the height of violence in the 1919 Streetcar Strike of Los Angeles, the efforts of organized labor simmered with the onset of World War I. Railroads were one part of the enterprise, revenue from passenger traffic rarely generated a profit, unlike freight. The real money for the investors was in supplying electric power to new communities, to get the railways and electricity to their towns, local groups offered the Huntington interests opportunities in local land. Soon Huntington and his partners had significant holdings in the companies developing Naples, Bay City, Huntington Beach, Newport Beach. In early 1903, Harriman proposed a plan with three-cent fare plan to the Los Angeles City Council. Huntington countered with a book which gave the rider 500 miles of travel for $6.25. The Council vetoed the idea, unable to believe adequate service could be provided for such a low fare. The final confrontation came over a war for the 6th Street franchise, in which the franchise, finally went to the top bidder for $110,000
11.
Downtown Los Angeles
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Downtown Los Angeles is the central business district of Los Angeles, California, as well as a diverse residential neighborhood of some 58,000 people. A2013 study found that the district is home to over 500,000 jobs, Downtown Los Angeles is known for its government buildings, parks, theaters and other public places. The earliest known settlements in the area of what is now Downtown Los Angeles was by the Tongva, on September 4,1781, the city was founded by a group of settlers who trekked north from present-day Mexico. Land speculation increased in the 1880s, which saw the population of the city explode from 11,000 in 1880 to nearly 100,000 by 1896. Infrastructure enhancements and the laying of a street grid eventually brought development south of the settlement into what is today the Civic Center. By 1920, the private and municipal rail lines were the most far-flung and most comprehensive in the world in mileage. By this time, an influx of residents and aggressive land developers had transformed the city into a large metropolitan area. Rail lines connected four counties with over 1,100 miles of track, during the early part of the 20th century, banking institutions clustered around South Spring Street, forming the Spring Street Financial District. The Los Angeles Stock Exchange was also located on the corridor from 1929 until 1986 before moving into a new building across the Harbor Freeway, Broadway became the nightlife, shopping and entertainment district of the city, with over a dozen theater and movie palaces built before 1932. Numerous specialty stores also flourished including those in the business which gave rise to the Downtown Jewelry District. Among these early jewelers included the Laykin Diamond Company and Harry Winston & Co. both of which found their beginnings in the Alexandria Hotel at 5th and Spring Streets. The Los Angeles Union Passenger Terminal opened in May,1939, unifying passenger service among local, regional. It was built on a scale and would be one of the last of the Great Railway Stations built in the United States. Following World War II, suburbanization, the development of the Los Angeles freeway network, many corporate headquarters slowly dispersed to new suburbs or fell to mergers and acquisitions. The once-wealthy Bunker Hill neighborhood became a haven for low-income renters, the drastic reduction in the number of residents in the area further reduced the viability of streetfront businesses that would be able to attract pedestrians. For most Angelenos, downtown became a destination as they would come into the area for a particular objective. This period saw the clearing and upzoning of the neighborhood as well as the shuttering of the Angels Flight funicular railway in 1969. Angels Flight resumed operation in 1996 for a period of five years, on March 15,2010, the railway once again opened for passenger service following extensive upgrades to brake and safety systems
12.
Hollywood
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Hollywood is an ethnically diverse, densely populated neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. It is notable as the home of the U. S. film industry, including several of its studios, and its name has come to be a shorthand reference for the industry. Hollywood was a community in 1870 and was incorporated as a municipality in 1903. It was consolidated with the city of Los Angeles in 1910, in 1853, one adobe hut stood in Nopalera, named for the Mexican Nopal cactus indigenous to the area. By 1870, an agricultural community flourished, the area was known as the Cahuenga Valley, after the pass in the Santa Monica Mountains immediately to the north. According to the diary of H. J. Whitley, known as the Father of Hollywood, along came a Chinese man in a wagon carrying wood. The man got out of the wagon and bowed, the Chinese man was asked what he was doing and replied, I holly-wood, meaning hauling wood. H. J. Whitley had an epiphany and decided to name his new town Hollywood, Holly would represent England and wood would represent his Scottish heritage. Whitley had already started over 100 towns across the western United States, Whitley arranged to buy the 500-acre E. C. Hurd ranch and disclosed to him his plans for the land. They agreed on a price and Hurd agreed to sell at a later date, before Whitley got off the ground with Hollywood, plans for the new town had spread to General Harrison Gray Otis, Hurds wife, eastern adjacent ranch co-owner Daeida Wilcox, and others. Daeida Wilcox may have learned of the name Hollywood from Ivar Weid, her neighbor in Holly Canyon and she recommended the same name to her husband, Harvey. In August 1887, Wilcox filed with the Los Angeles County Recorders office a deed and parcel map of property he had sold named Hollywood, Wilcox wanted to be the first to record it on a deed. The early real-estate boom busted that year, yet Hollywood began its slow growth. By 1900, the region had a post office, newspaper, hotel, Los Angeles, with a population of 102,479 lay 10 miles east through the vineyards, barley fields, and citrus groves. A single-track streetcar line ran down the middle of Prospect Avenue from it, but service was infrequent, the old citrus fruit-packing house was converted into a livery stable, improving transportation for the inhabitants of Hollywood. The Hollywood Hotel was opened in 1902 by H. J. Whitley who was a president of the Los Pacific Boulevard, having finally acquired the Hurd ranch and subdivided it, Whitley built the hotel to attract land buyers. Flanking the west side of Highland Avenue, the structure fronted on Prospect Avenue, the hotel was to become internationally known and was the center of the civic and social life and home of the stars for many years. Whitleys company developed and sold one of the residential areas
13.
California Community Colleges System
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The California Community Colleges System consists of 113 community colleges in 72 community college districts in the U. S. state of California. Created by legislation in 1967, it is the largest system of education in the world, serving more than 2.4 million students with a wide variety of educational. Like the two systems, the CCCS is headed by an executive officer and a governing board. The 17 member Board of Governors sets direction for the system and is in turn appointed by the California Governor and they appoint the Chancellor who is the chief executive officer of the system. Locally elected Boards of Trustees work on the level with Presidents who run the individual college campuses. Thanks to the efforts of such as Professor Alexis F. In the early 1920s, the Legislature authorized the creation of separate colleges, in 1921, California passed legislation which allowed for the creation of community college districts. In September 1921, Modesto Junior College became the first ever community college district and that launched the current model of community colleges that continued to offer trade studies such as mechanical and industrial arts but now included general education. The first ever transfer student was from Modesto Junior College and transferred to Stanford in 1922, by 1932 there were 38 junior colleges in the state. The 1944 GI Bill dramatically increased college enrollments, and by 1950 there were 50 junior colleges, the 1960 Master Plan for Higher Education and the resulting Donahoe Act was a turning point in higher education in California. The Master Plan for Higher Education also banned tuition, as it was based on the ideal that public education should be free to students. As officially enacted, it states that higher education shall be tuition free to all residents. Thus, California residents legally do not pay tuition, non-resident and international students, however, do pay tuition, which at community colleges is usually an additional $100 per unit on top of the standard enrollment fee. Since no other American state bans tuition in public higher education, in summer 2010, the states public higher education systems began investigating the possibility of dropping the semantic confusion and switching to the more accurate term, tuition. In the past decade, tuition and fees have fluctuated with the states budget, for much of the 1990s and early 2000s, enrollment fees ranged between $11 and $13 per credit. However, with the budget deficits in the early-to-mid 2000s, fees rose to $18 per unit in 2003. Since then, fees dropped to $20 per unit, down $6 from January 2007 and it was the lowest enrollment fee of any college or university in the United States. On July 28,2009, Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger signed AB2X, setting the community college enrollment fee back at $26 per unit, as of July,2011, per-unit fees at Californias community colleges stand at $36 per unit
14.
Community (TV series)
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Community is an American television sitcom created by Dan Harmon that premiered on NBC on September 17,2009. It makes heavy use of meta-humor and pop references, often parodying film and television clichés. Harmon based the program on his own experiences attending a community college, Each episode was written in accordance with Harmons story circle template, a methodology designed to create effective, structured storytelling. Harmon served as the showrunner for its first three seasons, but was fired prior to the fourth and replaced by writers David Guarascio. After a lukewarm response from fans and critics, Harmon was re-hired for the fifth broadcast season. Screen commissioned a sixth season, which premiered on March 17,2015, Community received acclaim for its acting and writing, and appeared on numerous critics year-end best-of lists for 2009,2010, and 2011. Despite low ratings, it developed a following, united by the mantra six seasons and a movie. The show completed six seasons and an adaptation is in development. The show entered broadcast syndication in 2013, was released on DVD, Stan in Australia, and Netflix in the UK, Canada, Ireland, and Latin America. Jeff Winger is disbarred and suspended from his law firm when it is discovered that he lied about possessing a degree from Columbia University. This leaves him no choice but to enroll at Greendale Community College to earn a legitimate degree. Jeff quickly becomes attracted to his activist classmate, Britta Perry, despite their differences, the group soon become close friends. The show features an ensemble cast of characters, focusing on the members of a study group, Joel McHale as Jeff Winger, a former lawyer who enrolls at Greendale after being suspended from his law firm for falsely claiming to have a bachelors degree. Jeff is a sarcastic, outspoken, self-confident lothario who constantly manipulates people to get what he wants, however, throughout the series, becoming closer to his new study group changes some of Jeffs habits and views. He is more willing to make sacrifices for his friends over time and selectively reveals that he can be more patient. Gillian Jacobs as Britta Perry, a self-proclaimed anarchist, atheist, Danny Pudi as Abed Nadir, a film student of Palestinian and Polish descent, with an encyclopedic knowledge of TV shows and movies. Abed struggles to interact with others via normal means, so he chooses to interpret the groups everyday activities by comparing them to film. Despite being out-of-touch with reality at times, Abed is an observer of human behavior
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NBC
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The National Broadcasting Company is an American commercial broadcast television network that is the flagship property of NBCUniversal, a subsidiary of Comcast. The network is part of the Big Three television networks, founded in 1926 by the Radio Corporation of America, NBC is the oldest major broadcast network in the United States. Following the acquisition by GE, Bob Wright served as executive officer of NBC, remaining in that position until his retirement in 2007. In 2003, French media company Vivendi merged its entertainment assets with GE, Comcast purchased a controlling interest in the company in 2011, and acquired General Electrics remaining stake in 2013. Following the Comcast merger, Zucker left NBC Universal and was replaced as CEO by Comcast executive Steve Burke, during a period of early broadcast business consolidation, radio manufacturer Radio Corporation of America acquired New York City radio station WEAF from American Telephone & Telegraph. Westinghouse, a shareholder in RCA, had an outlet in Newark, New Jersey pioneer station WJZ. This station was transferred from Westinghouse to RCA in 1923, WEAF acted as a laboratory for AT&Ts manufacturing and supply outlet Western Electric, whose products included transmitters and antennas. The Bell System, AT&Ts telephone utility, was developing technologies to transmit voice- and music-grade audio over short and long distances, the 1922 creation of WEAF offered a research-and-development center for those activities. WEAF maintained a schedule of radio programs, including some of the first commercially sponsored programs. In an early example of chain or networking broadcasting, the station linked with Outlet Company-owned WJAR in Providence, Rhode Island, AT&T refused outside companies access to its high-quality phone lines. The early effort fared poorly, since the telegraph lines were susceptible to atmospheric. In 1925, AT&T decided that WEAF and its network were incompatible with the companys primary goal of providing a telephone service. AT&T offered to sell the station to RCA in a deal that included the right to lease AT&Ts phone lines for network transmission, the divisions ownership was split among RCA, its founding corporate parent General Electric and Westinghouse. NBC officially started broadcasting on November 15,1926, WEAF and WJZ, the flagships of the two earlier networks, were operated side-by-side for about a year as part of the new NBC. On April 5,1927, NBC expanded to the West Coast with the launch of the NBC Orange Network and this was followed by the debut of the NBC Gold Network, also known as the Pacific Gold Network, on October 18,1931. The Orange Network carried Red Network programming, and the Gold Network carried programming from the Blue Network, initially, the Orange Network recreated Eastern Red Network programming for West Coast stations at KPO in San Francisco. The Orange Network name was removed from use in 1936, at the same time, the Gold Network became part of the Blue Network. In the 1930s, NBC also developed a network for shortwave radio stations, in 1927, NBC moved its operations to 711 Fifth Avenue in Manhattan, occupying the upper floors of a building designed by architect Floyd Brown
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East Los Angeles College
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East Los Angeles College is a community college of the Los Angeles Community College District in the Los Angeles suburb of Monterey Park. Fourteen communities comprise its primary service area, with an enrollment of 34,697 students, ELAC is the largest campus in the Los Angeles Community College District. It was located in northeastern East Los Angeles before that part of unincorporated East Los Angeles was annexed by Monterey Park in the early 1970s. ELAC is the home to the Vincent and Mary Price Gallery and the Vincent Price Art Museum and they ultimately donated some 2,000 pieces, the collection contains over 9,000 pieces and has been valued in excess of $5 million. All clubs in East Los Angeles College are operated and chartered with the ELAC Associate Student Union, the East Los Angeles College Alumni Association is responsible for continually connecting graduates to the student body and holds annual and bi-annual events to raise money for scholarships. East Los Angeles College Campus News is the newspaper. The paper is managed by the students after they have successfully completed Journalism 101, a print edition comes out every Wednesday during the Spring and Fall semesters. The current adviser is Jean Stapleton, other organizations include East Side Spirit and Pride, the organization that founded the Husky marching band on campus, as well as helping to restore the football program in 1995. In addition ESSP is now the alumni association for the college with Dennis Sanchez as the Chairperson, the new Performing and Fine Arts Complex houses the Vincent Price Art Museum, The Fine and visual Arts Building, and the Performing Arts Building. The Vincent Price Art Museum is three stories high, with the basement including an 8, 000-ft vault for storage, the museums permanent collection includes the art pieces donated from actor Vincent Price. It featured in the Round the Clock, Chinese American Artists Working in Los Angeles exhibit from January 21 to May 25,2012, the exhibit showed paintings by Tyrus Wong. Some of Wongs kites were hung in the lobby, the Fine and Visual Arts Building is the largest of the three structures. It houses the Art, Music, and Dance departments, the Performing Arts Building contains two separate performing theaters. ELACs football field is the site of ceremonies for local high schools such as Garfield High School in East Los Angeles. It has also hosted the East L. A. Classic football game between Garfield against Theodore Roosevelt High School, that draws over 20,000 fans. Fans as well as opponents of Hillary Clinton came together to see Hillary Clinton speak a few weeks before the 2016 California primaries, Clinton talked about her plans to raise family incomes and other topics during a speech in the college gymnasium. It’s not the first time a Clinton has campaigned for president at East L. A. College, in 1992, Bill Clinton, Hillary Clinton’s husband, spoke about ways to improve education during a campaign stop at the college according to Campus News. Leroy D. Thorpe, Mayor Pro Tem, City of Antioch, CA Seve Romo, baseball pitcher for the University of Arizona Howard E
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Los Angeles Mission College
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Los Angeles Mission College is a two-year community college located in the Sylmar district of Los Angeles, California. It is part of the Los Angeles Community College District and it is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges. Los Angeles Mission College is the ninth and youngest college established in the Los Angeles Community College District, the graduating class of 1975 consisted of a single student, who had transferred to the college that semester. Sixteen years later, in the summer of 1991, the moved to its permanent campus, built on 22 acres of land in the Sylmar neighborhood of Los Angeles. Los Angeles Mission College official website
18.
Los Angeles Pierce College
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The college began with 70 students and 18 faculty members on September 15,1947. Originally known as the Clarence W. Pierce School of Agriculture, nine years later, in 1956, the school was renamed to Los Angeles Pierce Junior College, retaining the name of its founder, Dr. Pierce, as well as his commitment to agricultural and veterinary study. Pierce College offers courses on more than 100 subjects in 92 academic disciplines, Students at the school successfully transfer to UC and CSU schools. Students can pursue any of the 44 associate’s degrees or 78 Certificates of Achievement the school offers directly, Pierce College comprises 426 acres amidst a dense metropolis, an area larger than many university campuses, including that of UCLA. The grounds are landscaped with more than 2,200 trees, thousands of roses, the Pierce College farm houses small herds of cattle, sheep, goats, a small poultry flock, as well as a llama and an alpaca for its students to learn from. The Associated Students Organization is the official Student Government of the 23,000 students at Los Angeles Pierce College and it has been in existence since the mid-1950s and has two branches, Senate and Club Council. Club Council is the organization that addresses and improves student life through the actions of the numerous clubs on campus. The Senate is the student government that conducts their meetings in accordance to the Brown Act. ASO is governed under the LACCD Academic Senate policy, Senators are voting members, which have the ability to vote on certain actions taken at Pierce to improve life for the student. Under the actions of shared governance, ASO Senators sit on committees in school including the Diversity. Besides hosting the Brahmas football and womens teams, John Shepard Stadium also has hosted many outdoor professional sporting events in San Fernando Valley history. From 1976 to 1979, the San Fernando Valleys first professional sports team, the Los Angeles Express of the USFL played their last home game here on June 15,1985. The stadium was expanded to 16, 000-person capacity for the game, Shepard Stadium hosts Nuts for Mutts, an annual dog show and pet fair that raises funds for the New Leash on Life Animal Rescue. The stadium is also the home stadium of the San Fernando Valley Quakes mens soccer team. Since the approval of Los Angeles County Propositions A and AA, other key improvements are increased parking, new infrastructure and roadways, and renovations to existing facilities. The 2-acre S. Mark Taper Foundation Life Science Botanic Garden and it features one of the finest collections of drought-resistant plants in the region. The college also has a retention pond beneath its soccer field. The Los Angeles River is nearby to the north, the campus is home to Old Trappers Lodge, California Historical Landmark No
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Los Angeles Valley College
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Los Angeles Valley College is a community college located in the Valley Glen district of Los Angeles, California in the east-central San Fernando Valley. The school is a part of the Los Angeles Community College District, the community college is adjacent to Grant High School. The sports teams are known as the Monarchs, and the colors are green. Los Angeles Valley College was founded on September 12,1949 to meet the growth of the San Fernando Valley during the 1940s. The college was chartered by the Los Angeles Board of Education in June 1949. In 1951 Valley College moved to its permanent 105-acre site on Fulton Avenue in Valley Glen, in 1954, members of the faculty founded the Athenaeum which began to offer community programs that brought the Los Angeles Philharmonic to the campus. The campus also had internationally known speakers including Eleanor Roosevelt, Clement Attlee, Margaret Mead, in 1969, the Los Angeles Community College District was formed and its nine colleges were separated from the Los Angeles Unified School District. Today, Valley College continues to meet the needs of the community by offering transfer education, career technical education. Valley College’s current enrollment is approximately 20,000 students with 199 full-time faculty and 401 part-time instructors, in December 2016, the college found that many of their electronic files had been maliciously encrypted disrupting voicemail, email, and computer files. In a ransom note, the college was informed they would receive a key that would be delivered upon the receipt of $28,000 in Bitcoin. The ransome needed to be paid within seven days or the files would be forever lost, the Los Angeles Community College District paid the amount and the delivered private key restored access to the affected systems. More than 140 associate degree programs and certificate programs are offered at Valley College, Los Angeles Valley College has its own honors society called Tau Alpha Epsilon. TAE was founded in 1949, the year that Los Angeles Valley College was established. In 1960, due to the popularity of junior colleges, a version of the four year honors society Phi Beta Kappa was created called Phi Theta Kappa. Because of this, PTK merged with TAE at Los Angeles Valley College, the purpose of TAE is to act as the honors society for Los Angeles Valley College, encourage academic excellence, and work with fellow clubs and organizations to better the campus and community. Los Angeles Valley College has its own stop on the Metro Orange Line and it is located at the intersection of Burbank Boulevard and Fulton Avenue. The nearest campus buildings are less than a 5-minute walk from the station, sean Astin - actor, best known for playing Sam in the Lord of the Rings films. Samuel Marcus - actor, known for The Peoples Couch and Teens React, ed Begley, Jr. - actor and environmentalist
20.
Los Angeles Southwest College
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Los Angeles Southwest College is a community college located in an unincorporated area of Los Angeles County, near the city of Los Angeles. As a comprehensive community college, LASC offers university transfer, technical, the college, located at the intersection of Western Avenue and Imperial Highway in South Los Angeles, now serves an area population nearly equally divided between African Americans and Latinos. LASC offers numerous programs and training in various workforce areas including technology-based occupations, business, electronics, music technology. LASC also provides ESL and citizenship classes, LASC has secured over $400 million of bonds to complete its master plan by 2012. As a green campus, LASC has a recycling program. Larry Brown, Dallas Cowboys and Oakland Raiders cornerback, Super Bowl XXX MVP Ivan Johnson, Atlanta Hawks power forward West Athens, California Los Angeles Southwest College official website
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West Los Angeles College
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West Los Angeles College is a two-year, public community college in the western Baldwin Hills, adjacent to Culver City in unincorporated Los Angeles County, California. The college uses a Culver City address, WLAC is a part of the California Community Colleges System, in the Los Angeles Community College District. It is fully accredited by the Accrediting Commission for Community and Junior Colleges of the Western Association of Schools, the school offers Associates degrees, and 18 vocational-oriented programs in addition to 25 transfer programs. The college awards more than 600 degrees and certificates annually in 39 fields, beginning in the fall of 2016, WLAC is one of only 15 community colleges in the State of California approved to offer a bachelors degree. The bachelors degree given at WLAC is in Dental Hygiene, the Wildcats are members of the Western State Conference, the largest community college conference in the state of California. The teams were known as the Hustling Oilers. WLAC fields teams in 10 intercollegiate sports with five mens teams and five womens teams
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Los Angeles County, California
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Los Angeles County, officially the County of Los Angeles, is the most populous county in both the United States and the state of California, the countrys most populous state. Its population is larger than that of 42 individual U. S. states and it has 88 incorporated cities and many unincorporated areas and at 4,083 square miles, it is larger than the combined areas of the U. S. states of Delaware and Rhode Island. The county is home to more than one-quarter of California residents and is one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the U. S and its county seat, the City of Los Angeles, is also its most populous city at about four million. Los Angeles County is one of the counties of California. The county originally included parts of what are now Kern, San Bernardino, Riverside, as the population increased, sections were split off to organize San Bernardino County in 1853, Kern County in 1866, and Orange County in 1889. According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the county has an area of 4,751 square miles, Los Angeles County borders 70 miles of coast on the Pacific Ocean and encompasses mountain ranges, valleys, forests, islands, lakes, rivers, and desert. The western extent of the Mojave Desert begins in the Antelope Valley, most of the population of Los Angeles County is located in the south and southwest, with major population centers in the Los Angeles Basin, San Fernando Valley and San Gabriel Valley. Other population centers are found in the Santa Clarita Valley, Pomona Valley, Crescenta Valley, the county is divided west-to-east by the San Gabriel Mountains, which are part of the Transverse Ranges of southern California, and are contained mostly within the Angeles National Forest. Los Angeles County includes San Clemente Island and Santa Catalina Island, non-Hispanic whites numbered 2,728,321, or 28% of the population. Hispanic or Latino residents of any race numbered 4,687,889, 36% of Los Angeles Countys population was of Mexican ancestry,3. 7% Salvadoran, and 2. 2% Guatemalan heritage. The largest Asian groups of the 1,346,865 Asians in Los Angeles County are 4. 0% Chinese,3. 3% Filipino,2. 2% Korean,1. 0% Japanese,0. 9% Vietnamese,0. 8% Indian, and 0. 3% Cambodian. The racial makeup of the county is 48. 7% White,11. 0% African American,0. 8% Native American,10. 0% Asian,0. 3% Pacific Islander,23. 5% from other races, and 4. 9% from two or more races. 44. 6% of the population are Hispanic or Latino of any race, the largest European-American ancestry groups are German, Irish, English and Italian. 45. 9% of the population reported speaking only English at home,37. 9% spoke Spanish,2. 22% Tagalog,2. 0% Chinese,1. 9% Korean,1. 87% Armenian,0. 5% Arabic, and 0. 2% Hindi. At the census of 2000, there were 9,519,338 people,3,133,774 households, the population density was 2,344 people per square mile. There were 3,270,909 housing units at a density of 806 per square mile. 25% of all households were made up of individuals and 7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older, the average household size was 2.98 and the average family size was 3.61. In the county, the population was out with 28% under the age of 18, 10% from 18 to 24, 33% from 25 to 44, 19% from 45 to 64
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Public university
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A public university is a university that is predominantly funded by public means through a national or subnational government, as opposed to private universities. Whether a national university is considered public varies from one country to another, in Egypt, Al-Azhar University opened in 975 AD as the second oldest university in the world. In Nigeria Public Universities can be established by both the Federal Government and by State Governments, students are enrolled after completing the 8-4-4 system of education and attaining a mark of C+ or above. They are also eligible for a low interest loan from the Higher Education Loan Board and they are expected to pay back the loan after completing higher education. South Africa has 23 public tertiary institutions, either categorised as a traditional university or a comprehensive university. Almost entire national universities in Brunei are public universities and these are major universities in Brunei, University of Brunei Darussalam Brunei Technological University Sultan Sharif Ali Islamic University There are 40 public universities in Bangladesh. The University Grant Commission is the body for all the public universities in Bangladesh. The universities do not deal directly with the government, but with the University Grants Commission, recently many private universities are established under the Private University Act of 1992. In mainland China, nearly all universities and research institutions are public and currently, the public universities are usually run by the provincial governments, there are also circumstances where the municipal governments administer the universities. Some public universities are national, which are administered by the central government. Private undergraduate colleges do exist, which are vocational colleges sponsored by private enterprises. The majority of universities are not entitled to award bachelors degrees. Public universities usually enjoy higher reputation domestically, eight institutions are funded by the University Grants Committee. The Academy for Performing Arts also receives funding from the government, the Open University of Hong Kong is also a public university, but it is largely self-financed. The Shue Yan University is the private institution with the status of a university. There are public and private institutes in Indonesia. The government provide public universities, institutes, high schools and academies in each province, the private educational institution usually provided by religious organizations, public organizations, and some big companies. In India, most universities and nearly all research institutions are public, There are some private undergraduate colleges, mostly engineering schools, but a majority of these are affiliated to public universities
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California State University
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The California State University is a public university system in California. Composed of 23 campuses and eight off-campus centers enrolling 460,200 students with 24,405 faculty and 23,012 staff, CSU is the largest four-year public university system in the United States. It is one of three higher education systems in the state, with the other two being the University of California system and the California Community Colleges System. The CSU System is incorporated as The Trustees of the California State University, the California State University system headquarters are at 401 Golden Shore in Long Beach, California. The California State University was created in 1960 under the California Master Plan for Higher Education, with nearly 100,000 graduates annually, the CSU is the countrys greatest producer of bachelors degrees. The university system collectively sustains more than 150,000 jobs within the state, altogether, about half of the bachelors degrees, one-third of the masters degrees, and nearly two percent of the doctoral degrees awarded annually in California are from the CSU. Furthermore, the CSU is one of the top U. S. producers of graduates who move on to earn their Ph. D. degrees in a related field. The CSU has a total of 17 AACSB accredited graduate business schools which is twice as many as any other collegiate system. Since 1961, nearly three million alumni have received their bachelors, masters, or doctoral degrees from the CSU system, CSU offers more than 1,800 degree programs in some 240 subject areas. In Fall of 2015,9,282 of CSUs 24,405 faculty were tenured or on the tenure track. The school was taken over by the state in 1862 and moved to San Jose and renamed the California State Normal School, a southern branch of the California State Normal School was created in Los Angeles in 1882. In 1887, the California State Legislature dropped the word California from the name of the San Jose and Los Angeles schools, later Chico, San Diego, and other schools became part of the State Normal School system. In 1919, the State Normal School at Los Angeles became the Southern Branch of the University of California, in 1927, in May 1921, the legislature enacted a comprehensive reform package for the states educational system, which went into effect that July. This meant that they were to be managed from Sacramento by the deputy director of the division, who in turn was under the state Superintendent of Education, by this time it was already commonplace to refer to most of the campuses with their city names plus the word state. The resulting administrative situation from 1921 to 1960 was quite complicated, at least one president would depart his state college because of his express frustration over that issue. During the 1920s and 1930s, the State Teachers Colleges started to transition from normal schools into teachers colleges whose graduates would be qualified to teach all K–12 grades. A leading proponent of this idea was Charles McLane, the first president of Fresno State, in 1932, the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching was asked by the state legislature and governor to perform a study of California higher education. This recommendation spectacularly backfired when the faculties and administrations of the State Teachers Colleges rallied to protect their independence from the Regents
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California State University, Dominguez Hills
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California State University, Dominguez Hills is a public university located in the city of Carson, California in the South Bay region of Los Angeles County and was founded in 1960. The university is part of the 23-school California State University system and it offers 46 majors for a Bachelors degrees,22 different Masters degrees, and 17 types of teaching credentials. The university does not confer doctoral degrees, in Fall 2016 the university had a total enrollment of 14,731 students comprising 12,632 undergraduates and 2,099 post baccalaureates. The campus offers small class sizes for its students, as of Fall 2014, the university had 767 faculty, of which 303 were full-time and tenure track. Dominguez Hills ranked #2 in a list of The 100 Most Affordable Universities in America 2015 by Best Value Schools and it also ranked #29 in the list of 50 Best Value Colleges and Universities in California 2015. In 2015, Cal State Dominguez Hills ranked #11 in Washington Monthlys list of Masters University Rankings and this same year CSUDH was ranked 88th nationally by The Brookings Institution for the value-add to students who graduate from there. Using a similar methodology, The Economist ranked CSUDH 63rd in its 2015 college rankings, the campus sits on the historic Rancho San Pedro, the oldest land grant in the Los Angeles area. The campus mascot is the Toro, Spanish for bull, the foundation for what would become CSU Dominguez Hills was built in 1960 when then Governor of California Pat Brown provided state funds to begin development of the campus. It was originally to be located in Palos Verdes, California, the tentative name was changed to California State College at Palos Verdes in 1962. In 1964, architect A. Quincy Jones successfully designed a plan for construction. As the permanent campus had not yet constructed, the first classes began to be taught in 1965 at the California Federal Savings Bank in Rolling Hills Estates. The college began with an enrollment of approximately 40 students, in 1965 the designated location for the campus was moved to an area known as Dominguez Hills in Carson. John Muns, president of the Dominguez Hills Homeowners Association in 1965, recognized that for a community to be selected as the site for a college was a mark of status. He quickly headed up the campaign in support of Dominguez Hills, during 1968 the population of the student body of CSUDH exceeded 1,000 enrolled for the first time. As a result, the campus needed a vice-president, this vacancy would be filled by Dr. Lyle Gibson of whom CSUDHs Lyle E. Gibson Distinguished Teacher Award is named for. The university was established, in part, as a response to the African American outcry for higher education standards. Additionally, from the months of October to November in 1969, Today, CSU Dominguez Hills is a major university for the Southern geographical region of Los Angeles County and Orange County. It offers 46 undergraduate majors,22 masters degrees, and a number of certificate, Dominguez Hills is also the administrative headquarters of the California State Universitys Statewide Nursing Program
26.
California State University, Long Beach
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As of Fall 2014, the school had 2,283 total faculty, with 36.7 percent of those faculty on the tenure track. With 5,286 graduate students, the university one of the largest graduate student populations across the CSU. The university is located in the Los Altos neighborhood of Long Beach at the coastal tip of Los Angeles County. The university offers 82 different Bachelors degrees,65 types of Masters degrees, four Doctoral degrees. Long Beach State is one of the West Coasts top universities in terms of student body racial diversity and it is also home to the largest publicly funded art school west of the Mississippi. The university currently operates one of the lowest student fees in the country at $6,738 per year for full-time students having California residence. CSULB has been recognized as one of Americas Best Value Colleges by the Princeton Review, the College was established in 1949 by California Governor Earl Warren, to serve the rapidly expanding post-World War II population of Orange and Southern Los Angeles counties. Since then, CSULB has grown to one of the states largest universities. The institution was first named as Los Angeles-Orange County State College, peter Victor Peterson was its first president. It offered 25 courses, taught by 13 faculty members, in two apartment buildings at 5381 Anaheim Road in Long Beach. In June 1950, the citizens of Long Beach voted overwhelmingly to purchase 322 acres as a permanent campus for the college, the purchase price was nearly $1,000,000. Student enrollment grew rapidly in new, permanent location. Carl W. McIntosh was named the second president in 1959. While McIntosh was president, the school grew tremendously, enrollment surged from about 10,000 to more than 30,000, and he rapidly expanded and revamped the curriculum. McIntosh tripled the number of faculty and constructed 30 new buildings, in 1964, LBSC changed its name to California State College at Long Beach. In 1967, the California state legislature revamped the state college system and it changed its name in 1968 to California State College, Long Beach, as part of these changes and began to be much more closely integrated into the California State College system. In 1965, CSCLB hosted the first International Sculpture Symposium to be held in the United States, six sculptors from abroad and two from the United States created many of the monumental sculptures present on the campus. The event received media attention from newspapers around the country, including The New York Times, Los Angeles Times Magazine, Art in America
27.
California State University, Los Angeles
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California State University, Los Angeles is a public comprehensive university in the heart of Los Angeles, one of the 23 universities in the California State University system. Cal State LA offers 129 Bachelors degrees,112 Masters degrees,3 Doctoral degrees, Cal State LA is a Hispanic-serving institution. Cal State LA has a student body of more than 24,000 students primarily from the greater Los Angeles area, Cal State LA operated year-round on the quarter system with four quarters, each 11 weeks in duration. In fall 2016, the university converted to the system as part of a system-wide conversion of all quarter campuses. Cal State LA is organized into eight colleges that house a total of four schools and approximately 50 academic departments, divisions, Cal State LA is home to the critically acclaimed Luckman Jazz-Orchestra and a unique Early Entrance Program in the Honors College for gifted students as young as 11. U. S. News has ranked Cal State LAs undergraduate business program as one of the best in the nation, the School of Nursing is considered to be one of the best in the state of California. Classrooms are shared with Cal State LA However, LACHSA activities tend to be separate from those of the university, notable LACHSA alumni include singer Josh Groban, actress Jenna Elfman, actor/singer Corbin Bleu, and UCLA Athletics senior executive Ron Country Club Kobata. Cal State LA open a new downtown Los Angeles campus in 2016 to provide university programs, the university has signed a lease for 21,000 square feet at West 8th Street and South Grand Avenue. Cal State LA will offer undergraduate and graduate programs at the site, as well as professional development, the campus will contain 12 classrooms,2 computer labs, student lounges, student collaboration space, conference and events space, and administrative and faculty offices. The university is located on the site of one of Californias 36 original adobes, built in 1776 by Franciscan missionaries and destroyed by fire in 1908. These lands once were part of a Spanish land grant known as Rancho Rosa Castilla, given to Juan Batista Batz, the inspiration for the name of the rancho, according to local historians, was the wild roses that once grew near the ranch home. The main drive through the campus is known as Paseo Rancho Castilla, Cal State LA was founded on July 2,1947 by an act of the California legislature and opened for classes as The Los Angeles State College on the campus of Los Angeles City College. In 1949, the Los Angeles State College was reconstituted by the Legislature as The Los Angeles State College of Applied Arts, in 1972, CSCLA was awarded university status and was renamed California State University, Los Angeles. Since 1954, Cal State LA has been accredited by the Western Association of Schools, the universitys credential programs are approved by the Commission for Teacher Credentialing Committee on Accreditation. In 1968 Cal State LA established the nations first Chicano Studies department, in 1993, the CSU Chancellor and Trustees approved development of Cal State LAs Charter College of Education, creating the first such college of higher education in the nation. The original mascot of the school was the Diablo, in 1980, new university president James Rosser adopted a new mascot, Eddie the golden eagle, designed to be more reflective of the campus highly diverse community. The theme was extended to student facilities such as the student union, sept.2000 California Governor Gray Davis chooses the Cal State LA campus to hold press conference at which he signs the historic bills expanding the Cal Grant program. A Statue of Confucius, a gift of the Republic of China in Taiwan, was dedicated June 1987, the statue was moved to a new campus location in summer 2005
28.
California State University, Northridge
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California State University, Northridge is a public university in the Northridge neighborhood of Los Angeles, California, United States, in the San Fernando Valley. As of Fall 2014, the school had 2,096 faculty and it was founded first as the Valley satellite campus of Cal State Los Angeles. It then became an independent college in 1958 as San Fernando Valley State College, with major campus master planning, the University adopted its current name of California State University, Northridge in 1972. CSUN enrolls more than 40,000 students and ranks 10 in the U. S. in bachelors degrees awarded to underrepresented minority students, the university has over 200,000 alumni. CSUN is home to the National Center on Deafness, and the university hosts the International Conference on Technology and Persons with Disabilities, the establishment of CSUN began in 1952 with the proposal of a new satellite campus for Los Angeles State College. A Baldwin Hills location was planned in 1955, but San Fernando Valley advocates persuaded state officials to change the location to Northridge. In July 1958, the campus separated from Los Angeles State College and was renamed San Fernando Valley State College, with enrollment reaching 2,525, in 1959, it became the first State College to have its own computer. In 1964, the computer lab was moved into quarters in the newly completed Sierra Hall building complex. The campuss quiet, moderately conservative and overwhelmingly white suburban setting did not shield it from a share of the noise, strife, as on many college campuses, there were increasingly large antiwar demonstrations and occasional draft card burnings. In 1966–67, there were only 23 Black and 7 Latino students, responding to complaints about low minority representation, the administration made some attempt to boost enrollment of Latinos and Blacks in 1967. By the fall of 1968 the tally stood at about 150 Black and 75 Latino students, nobody was hurt and, under duress, the president agreed to their demands. The administration largely kept its part of the bargain, but despite an included assurance of amnesty,28 of the students involved were charged with kidnapping. The last such demonstration was in May 1971, on the first anniversary of the Kent State shootings, the college officially renamed itself California State University, Northridge in June 1972. In 1975, the construction of the CSUN sculpture began at the southeast corner of campus, by 1977, enrollment at the university was 28,023, with tuition at $95. In 1981, the officially established a foreign exchange student program with Japan, China, Ukraine, South Korea, Taiwan, Brazil. In 1988, the campus had an enrollment of 31,575, the 1994 Northridge earthquake struck on January 17 and caused $400 million in damage to the campus, the heaviest damage ever sustained by an American college campus. The epicenter was less than two miles away on a previously undiscovered blind thrust fault, later the same month, Vice President Al Gore visited with a promise of funds to help with the reconstruction. Due to inadequate earthquake engineering, the structure next to the Matadome was completely destroyed
29.
California State Polytechnic University, Pomona
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California State Polytechnic University, Pomona is a public polytechnic university located in Pomona, California, United States. It is one of two polytechnics in the California State University system, in Fall 2013, it had 1,059 faculty, of which 442 were tenure track. The university is designated a National Center of Academic Excellence in Information Assurance Education by the U. S. Department of Homeland Security, Cal Poly is one of three CSUs, and one of only five California institutions, with this distinction. The university has the oldest and largest Hospitality Management College in California, additionally, Cal Poly has the largest civil engineering student population in the nation. It is the university in Southern California to grant bachelors and masters degrees in agriculture. Cal Poly Pomona currently offers degrees in 94 majors,39 masters degrees,13 teaching credentials. The university is one among a group of polytechnic universities in the United States which tend to be primarily devoted to the instruction of technical arts. The satellite campus grew further in 1949 when a horse ranch in the city of Pomona. Its sports teams are known as the Cal Poly Pomona Broncos, the Broncos sponsor 10 varsity sports and have won 14 NCAA national championships. Current and former Cal Poly athletes have won 7 Olympic medals, hence, Voorhis School became the Cal Poly-Voorhis Unit and its educational offerings were raised to the same level as Cal Poly San Luis Obispo’s, then a two-year college. The horticulture program was moved to the new campus and the two units operated as one institution spanning two locations under the leadership of president Julian McPhee. During World War II most of the student body was called to military duty, enrollment declined. Reopening after the war, Cal Poly-Voorhis Unit operated in San Dimas until 1956 when it moved to Will Keith Kellogg’s former horse ranch in the city of Pomona. Acknowledging its Kellogg legacy, Cal Poly-Voorhis Unit changed its name to Cal Poly Kellogg-Voorhis Unit, also in 1957, Cal Poly Kellogg-Voorhis introduced the College of Engineering, the second academic unit after the College of Agriculture. President McPhee retired in 1966, and Cal Poly split into two different and independent universities, the partnership between the two campuses remains with their involvement in the annual Cal Poly Universities Rose Float. In 1998, Cal Poly Pomona received criticism when it planned to grant a degree to Robert Mugabe. Mugabe’s negative humanitarian record as president of Zimbabwe lead to protests from staff, faculty and students, under then-president J. Michael Ortiz, Cal Poly Pomona launched its first comprehensive capital campaign in fall of 2008 to increase its permanent endowment. The campus office of public affairs recognizes two names for the university, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona and Cal Poly Pomona
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University of California
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The University of California is a public university system in the U. S. state of California. The University of California was founded in 1868 and operated temporarily in Oakland until opening its first campus in Berkeley in 1873 and its tenth and newest campus in Merced opened in fall 2005. Nine campuses enroll both undergraduate and graduate students, one campus, UC San Francisco, enrolls only graduate and professional students in the medical and health sciences. In addition, the UC Hastings College of Law, located in San Francisco, is affiliated with UC. The University of Californias campuses have large numbers of distinguished faculty in almost every academic discipline, as of 2016, UC faculty and researchers have won 62 Nobel Prizes. UC campuses are perennially ranked highly by various publications, internationally, UC Berkeley, UCLA, and UC San Diego are respectively ranked 3rd, 12th, and 14th worldwide by Academic Ranking of World Universities. In 1849, the state of California ratified its first constitution, taking advantage of the Morrill Land-Grant Acts, the California Legislature established an Agricultural, Mining, and Mechanical Arts College in 1866. However, it existed only on paper, as a placeholder to secure federal land-grant funds, meanwhile, Congregational minister Henry Durant, an alumnus of Yale, had established the private Contra Costa Academy, on June 20,1853, in Oakland, California. The initial site was bounded by Twelfth and Fourteenth Streets and Harrison, the Colleges trustees, educators, and supporters believed in the importance of a liberal arts education, but ran into a lack of interest in liberal arts colleges on the American frontier. In November 1857, the Colleges trustees began to acquire parcels of land facing the Golden Gate in what is now Berkeley for a future planned campus outside of Oakland. But first, they needed to secure the Colleges water rights by buying a farm to the east. In 1864, they organized the College Homestead Association, which borrowed $35,000 to purchase the land, the Association subdivided the latter parcel and started selling lots with the hope it could raise enough money to repay its lenders and also create a new college town. But sales of new homesteads fell short, at the College of Californias 1867 commencement exercises, where Low was present, Benjamin Silliman, Jr. criticized Californians for creating a state polytechnic school instead of a real university. That same day, Low reportedly first suggested a merger of the already-functional College of California with the state college. The University of Californias second president, Daniel Coit Gilman, opened its new campus in Berkeley in September 1873, earlier that year, Toland Medical College in San Francisco had agreed to become the Universitys Medical Department, it later evolved into UCSF. In 1878, the University established Hastings College of the Law in San Francisco as its first law school, the California Constitution was amended to designate Hastings as the Law Department of the University of California in consideration of a $100,000 gift from Serranus Clinton Hastings. Hastings is the only UC campus not governed by the Regents of the University of California, in August 1882, the California State Normal School opened a second school in Los Angeles to train teachers for the growing population of Southern California. In 1927, it became the University of California at Los Angeles, during the 20th century, UC acquired additional satellite locations which, like Los Angeles, were all subordinate to administrators at the Berkeley campus
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Alliant International University
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Alliant International University is a private, benefit corporation higher education institution based in San Diego, California. The university is known as Alliant. Its enrollment is approximately 4,000 students, of whom 95% are post-graduate, there was another campus in Europe, but it was sold. This campus was used as a site for films, including Harry Potter. Alliant was formed in 2001 by the combination of two institutions, the California School of Professional Psychology and United States International University. Like the institutions that it descended from, Alliant has its campus in San Diego. USIU is the descendant of the original Balboa School of Law founded by Leland Ghent Stanford as a graduate institution. The name was changed to Balboa University, and then to California Western University in 1952, once again, in 1968, the schools name was changed to United States International University. The law school, however, retained the name of California Western School of Law, in the early 1980s, USIU held a broadcast license to operate KUSI, a startup UHF television station television in San Diego. However, for reasons, USIU decided not to launch the channel. The license was transferred to Texas businessman Mike McKinnon and it began as a station in 1982. KUSI still exists as an independent station, USIU developed a network of campuses throughout the world at locations such as Guam, England, Nairobi, Kenya, and Mexico City. In February 2015, Alliant became a benefit corporation and part of the Arist Education System. The California School of Professional Psychology was founded in 1969 under the auspices of the California Psychological Association, CSPP was the first free-standing school of professional psychology in the nation, and remains the largest non-profit professional psychology school in the nation. CSPP offers programs in psychology, clinical counseling, and marital. The California School of Forensic Studies offers programs in criminology and criminal justice, San Francisco Law School became a constituent school of Alliant International University in 2010. Alliant, including all of its programs, is accredited by the WASC Accrediting Commission for Senior Colleges and Universities, the universitys education programs are accredited by the California State Board of Education. Credential programs offered by the Alliant School of Education are approved by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing, clinical psychology programs are accredited by the American Psychological Association
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American Academy of Dramatic Arts
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The American Academy of Dramatic Arts is a two-year performing arts conservatory with bi-coastal facilities at 120 Madison Avenue, Manhattan, and at 1336 North La Brea Avenue, Los Angeles. The oldest acting school in the English speaking world, the Academy in New York City was founded in 1884 to train actors for the stage and its first home was the original Lyceum Theatre on what is now Park Avenue South. In 1963, the moved to its current home, a landmark building designed by noted architect Stanford White as the original Colony Club. In 1974, the Academy opened another campus in Pasadena, California, the Los Angeles campus moved from Pasadena to Hollywood in 2001 in a new building next to the site of the former studios of Charlie Chaplin. The Academy remains dedicated to training professional actors and it offers a two-year program in which students have to be invited back for the second year. Auditions are held at the end of the year for the third year company. Students who graduate in New York receive an Associate of Occupational Studies degree, students from New York and Los Angeles can get a Bachelor of Arts degree from selected universities. Numerous students of the Academy have gone on to distinguished careers throughout the entertainment industry, receiving nominations for Tonys, Oscars, from their Web site, The Academy has many teachers and faculty who have many professional connections and credits. Notable faculty includes, David Dean Bottrell, Karen Hensel, Sandy Martin, Ian Ogilvy, notes American Academy of Dramatic Arts Home Page
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American Jewish University
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Its largest component is its Whizin Center for Continuing Education in which 12,000 students are enrolled annually in non-credit granting courses. A prominent program of the Center is the universitys annual speaker series, featuring luminaries like Tony Blair, Colin Powell, through the Brandeis-Bardin Institute, the University has oversight over Camp Alonim and Gan Alonim Day Camp. The University of Judaism was founded in 1947, the spiritual founder was Dr. Mordecai Kaplan, a Jewish thinker and philosopher whose goal was to create an institution representing the diversity of Judaic expression in the United States. Another co-founder was Rabbi Jacob Pressman, initially a project of the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York City and the Bureau of Jewish Education of Greater Los Angeles, the UJ became an independent institution in the 1970s. It became officially non-denominational with the ascension to the presidency of Dr. Robert Wexler in 1992, Dr. Wexler was preceded in the presidency by Dr. Simon Greenberg and Dr. David Lieber. The American Jewish University is home to the Ostrow Library, which boasts over 120,000 volumes, extensive electronic resources, the campus also includes the Gindi Auditorium, a 475-seat theatre featuring many concerts, celebrations, and other programs. The campus also includes dormitories and a recently completed student union with fitness facilities, a basketball court, the Max and Pauline Zimmer Conference Center is a 96-acre campus in Ojai, California. It is home to Camp Ramah in California, the Marjorie and Herman Platt Gallery and Borstein Art Gallery play host to many major exhibitions, both of Jewish and non-Jewish art. Past artists at the Platt Gallery have included David Hockney, Jim Dine and Frank Stella as well as works by the Gallerys donor, the Smalley Sculpture Garden on the campus grounds has a collection that includes the work of well-known contemporary sculptors. Dedicated in 1981, the sculptures include works by Beverly Pepper, Sol LeWitt, George Rickey, Jenny Holzer, Anthony Caro, the College of Arts and Sciences is the program of undergraduate study at AJU. The academic program itself at the College grants the Bachelor of Arts degree, the College encourages students to take leadership roles both on campus and in social, political, and religious work in the greater Los Angeles area. The American Jewish University is home to a student life. Students are encouraged to participate in student organizations in order to enrich their undergraduate experience, if a student determines that an organization they might be interested in is not yet established, students are welcome to establish new clubs and receive funding based upon student support and need. The Lieber School of Graduate Studies offers programs in Nonprofit Management, the Lieber School also offers an M. A. in Jewish Communal Studies, which consists of studies of management skills as well as Jewish texts, history, and sociology. The M. B. A. can be combined with the M. A. in Jewish Communal Studies, graduates of this program take leadership positions in the management of a variety of non-profit organizations. The Fingerhut School of Education offers both a full and part-time Master of Arts in Education, a half-time Master of Arts in Teaching, in addition, the Graduate Center for Education offers various certificate and continuing education initiatives for experienced educators. This degree may be combined with the M. A. Ed. or M. B. A. programs, AJU offers many programs of study through its Whizin Center for Continuing Education. These studies most often take the form of individual classes generally taken simply for personal enjoyment, classes are offered in language studies, Jewish studies, literature, fine arts, dance and fitness, performance arts, and other varied areas
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Antioch University Los Angeles
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Antioch University Los Angeles is a small non-profit private liberal arts school currently located in Culver City, California, United States. The school is a campus of Antioch University, Antioch College was founded in Yellow Springs, Ohio. Horace Mann, Antioch College’s first presidents goal was to create an environment that was stimulating. The Antioch University system and Antioch College are no longer affiliated in any way, Antioch University Los Angeles is one of the five campuses of Antioch University. Students would not compete for grades, but would be encouraged to pursue issues of interest to them, read what they considered worthwhile, founded in 1852 as Antioch College in Yellow Springs, Ohio, Horace Mann became the first president in 1853. From its inception, racial and gender equality, independent study, six students were accepted for the first quarter, four men and two women who came to share the same college classrooms for the first time in the U. S. The notion of gender equality extended also to the faculty, Antioch was the first U. S. college to designate a woman as full professor, and the original faculty included seven men and two women. Then, in 1863, the instituted the policy that no applicant was to be rejected on the basis of race. Morgan, like Mann, believed in the development of the individual as a whole and he wrote “The Plan for the New Antioch” which was his vision for the future of the school. This was the beginning of Antiochs unique program of work and study, what Morgan termed and he also changed the nature of the admissions procedure. Rather than relying on entrance examinations, Morgan opted for more information on prospective students. In addition, senior exams were graded honors or pass, Morgan remained at Antioch until 1933, when President Roosevelt requested that he assume directorship of the Tennessee Valley Authority Project. The campus is located in Culver City, within the Greater Los Angeles area, there are currently about 1,200 students enrolled. Antioch University is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission ], the Bridge Program offers a year of humanities education for college credit at no cost to students. It provides free university classes for low income adults, including tuition, textbooks, instruction, tutoring, transportation, the program, formerly called the CHE Program, has been in existence since 1999, when it was founded by David Tripp and Shari Foos. The Bridge Program was inspired by the Clemente Course at Bard College, classes for low-income adults are taught at AULA, Boyle Heights Technology Youth Center, and First Congregational Church in Long Beach. The low-residency Master of Arts in Urban Sustainability Program is training the next generation of urban problem-solvers to meet the dual challenges of climate change. Graduates are leading the public and private sector making positive change, aULA’s Early College Program at Da Vinci Charter School makes college-level courses available to high school students
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Art Center College of Design
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ArtCenter College of Design is a nonprofit, private college located in Pasadena, California. ArtCenter College of Design was founded in 1930 in downtown Los Angeles as the Art Center School, in 1935, Fred R. Archer founded the photography department, and Ansel Adams was a guest instructor in the late 1930s. During and after World War II, ArtCenter ran a technical illustration program in conjunction with the California Institute of Technology, the school began granting Bachelors and Masters degrees in arts in 1949, and was fully accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges in 1955. In 1965, the changed its name to Art Center College of Design. The school expanded its programs, including a program in 1973. The school moved to the Hillside Campus in Pasadena in 1976, the school operated Art Center Europe in La Tour-de-Peilz, Switzerland from 1986 to 1996. In 2003, ArtCenter was granted Non-Governmental Organization status by the UN Department of Public Information, ArtCenter opened the South Campus in Pasadena in 2004. It is one of the few schools to offer a degree in Interaction Design, the college maintains two campuses in Pasadena, both are considered architecturally notable. ArtCenter built its reputation as a school, preparing returning G. I. s for work in the commercial arts fields. The college logo is a circle, also known as the ArtCenter Dot, which has been a part of the schools identity since its inception by founder Tink Adams. ArtCenter is accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges, the college’s undergraduate and graduate industrial design programs are consistently ranked number one by DesignIntelligence. U. S. News and World Report also ranks ArtCenter’s Art, Industrial Design, most recently, the growing influence of Art Centers Film programs resulted in the colleges ranking among The Hollywood Reporters list of the Top 25 Global Film Schools. ArtCenter College of Design maintains two campuses in Pasadena, Hillside Campus and South Campus, designed by modernist architect Craig Ellwood, the Hillside Campus broke ground in November 1974. The bridge building spanned an arroyo and roadway on 175 acres in the hills above Pasadena, opening in 1976, the building was later expanded with the south wing, designed by former Ellwood associate James Tyler, and constructed between 1989-91. The Hillside Campus has been designated as a monument by the City of Pasadena. The South Campus opened in 2004 in a former aircraft-testing facility built during World War II, there is an 16, 000-square-foot exhibition space known as the Wind Tunnel, which is currently the home of the Media Design Practices program. At that time, the College appointed Michael Maltzan Architecture as its partner in planning academic spaces, with this agreement still intact, actual renovation of the former USPS building was completed by Darin Johnstone Architecture in 2014. List of colleges and universities in California Art Center College of Design
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Azusa Pacific University
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Azusa Pacific University is a private, Wesleyan-Holiness, evangelical Christian university located near Los Angeles in suburban Azusa, California, United States. APU holds regional accreditation by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges, the university was founded in 1899, with classes opening on March 3,1900, in Whittier, California. It began offering degrees in 1939, while officially inter-denominational, APU has ties with several evangelical denominations. The universitys seminary, the Graduate School of Theology, holds to a Wesleyan-Arminian doctrinal theology, Azusa Pacific Universitys AZUSa campus is situated in the San Gabriel Valley, located 23 miles northeast of Los Angeles. Under the name Training School for Christian Workers, it was the first Bible college on the West Coast, led by president Mary A. Hill, the school initially had a total enrollment of 12 students. Though its Friends connections remain today, Quaker influence on the school diminished by the 1930s, as faculty members began to embrace Evangelicalism and reject a growing liberal trend in the California Yearly Meeting of Friends, a separate campus church was established in 1933. This move changed the church from the local Huntington Park Friends Church to a campus meeting which gave rise to the small Evangelistic Tabernacles denomination. A series of mergers and campus re-locations helped to solidify the schools identity as an Evangelical institution, years following, the school merged with three Evangelical colleges in Southern California, and ultimately relocated to Azusa in 1949 where it resides today. In 1939 the Training School became Pacific Bible College, and four-year degrees were offered, in 1956, the name was changed to Azusa College. Azusa College merged first in 1965 with Los Angeles Pacific College and became Azusa Pacific College, upon its achievement of university status in 1981, the college changed its name to Azusa Pacific University. During that decade, off-site educational regional centers throughout Southern California were instated, during the 1990s, Azusa Pacific began offering graduate degrees, and during that decade the universitys first three doctoral programs were awarded. Student enrollment doubled, and graduate programs quadrupled throughout the decade, in November 2000, then-Executive Vice President Jon R. Wallace, DBA, became president. Under Wallaces leadership, Azusa Pacific University continued to grow, the university now offers 61 bachelors degrees,40 masters degrees,17 certificates,11 credentials, eight doctoral programs, and two associate degrees to a total student population of nearly 11,500. The university has had a total of 16 presidents since its founding, APU offers three libraries on its main campus and six off-campus libraries supporting academic programs at the APU Inland Empire, Los Angeles, Orange County, San Diego, and Murrieta Regional Centers. The main campus libraries are the William V, the university network also provides access to 100 online databases, which include 12,000 full-text periodical titles and 23,000 electronic books. APUs Special Collections, including documents, are housed in the Thomas F. Andrews Room of the Hugh. In the fall of 2009, Azusa Pacific University acquired a collection of antiquities, including five fragments of the Dead Sea Scrolls and these new acquisitions were displayed in an exhibit, Treasures of the Bible, The Dead Sea Scrolls and Beyond, in summer 2010. S. Institutions named to the Carnegie Foundations 2010 Community Engagement Classification, recognizing commitment to community service, Community service In 2012, Azusa Pacific University was recognized for the fifth time by Learn and Serve America on the Presidents Higher Education Community Service Honor Roll
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Biola University
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Biola University is a private, Fundamentalist Christian university located approximately 16 miles from downtown Los Angeles, in La Mirada, California. Founded in 1908, the university has over 40 major academic fields of study in six schools, Biola University was founded in 1908 as the Bible Institute Of Los Angeles by Lyman Stewart, president of the Union Oil Company of California, Thomas C. Horton, a Presbyterian minister and Christian author, and Augustus B, in 1912, the school appointed R. A. Torrey as dean, and in 1913 began construction on a new building at the corner of Sixth and Hope St. The Institute offered a diploma after completion of a two-year curriculum and this model was based largely on the Moody Bible Institute. Beginning in the 1920s, attempts were made to broaden the curriculum, Biola re-located to La Mirada, California in 1959. In 1915 Torrey announced plans to organize an independent church that would meet in Biolas auditorium called the Church of the Open Door and this decision proved controversial with local Presbyterian and Baptist clergy. In 1917, the Institute published a version of The Fundamentals, A Testimony To The Truth, edited by Torrey and others, with funds donated by Lyman Stewart. Lyman Stewart died on September 28,1923, and ten months later, the school appointed Joseph Irvine as President, and on April 3,1925, appointed John Murdoch MacInnis as the schools second dean. MacInnis was a Presbyterian minister who had only been an instructor at the school for two years. MacInnis served as dean until his resignation on December 31,1928. His administration was turbulent and suffered from leadership conflicts and religious controversy, in 1927, Biola published a book by MacInnis entitled Peter the Fisherman Philosopher. This book became the focus of a national controversy, in which MacInnis was accused by Fundamentalists of advocating liberal theological positions contrary to Biolas standards. Eventually MacInnis was forced to resign effective December 31,1928, in 1929 Charles E. Fuller a businessman and evangelist and graduate of Biola, was drafted as vice president to find a new dean and a president. Elbert McCreery and William P. White, both associated with Moody Bible Institute, were chosen to fill these posts, during the Great Depression, the Institute suffered serious financial difficulties. In 1932, Louis T. Talbot, pastor of the Church of the Open Door, assumed the presidency, during the next two decades, Talbot led a shift away from missions, instead concentrating on academic programs. Biola added a School of Intercultural Studies in 1983, a School of Business in 1993, Biola University is officially non-denominational, but is Fundamentalist Christian in doctrine and practice. Biola is well known for its conservative evangelical doctrine, while other evangelical schools identify as either moderate or liberal. The vast majority of students and faculty identify themselves as evangelical, Biola holds to the key doctrine of Biblical inerrancy, the idea that the original writings of the Bible were without error with regard to both theological and non-theological matters
38.
California Institute of the Arts
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The California Institute of the Arts is a private university located in the Valencia neighborhood of the municipality of Santa Clarita in the California county of Los Angeles. It was incorporated in 1961 as the first degree-granting institution of learning in the United States created specifically for students of both the visual and the performing arts. It is authorized by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges to grant Bachelor of Fine Arts and Master of Fine Arts in the visual, performing, the Herb Alpert School of Music at CalArts was accredited in 2009 to grant a Doctor of Musical Arts. The school was first envisioned by many benefactors in the early 1960s, the institute was started as an interdisciplinary Caltech of the arts, with all schools under one roof. CalArts provides an environment for a diversity of artists. Students are free to develop their own work in a workshop atmosphere, CalArts was originally formed in 1961 as a merger of the Chouinard Art Institute and the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music. Both of the existing institutions were going through financial difficulties around the same time. The professional relationship between Madame Chouinard and Walt Disney began in 1929 when Disney had no money and Madame Chouinard agreed to train his first animators on a pay-later basis. He never forgot and over the years watched the Chouinard Art Institute grow into the finest art school on the West Coast, joining him were his brother Roy O. Disney, Lulu Von Hagen and Thornton Ladd, of the Los Angeles Conservatory of Music. In 1965, the Alumni Association was founded as an organization and was governed by a 12-member board of directors to serve the best interests of the institute. Members included leading professional artists and musicians, who contributed their knowledge, experience, the ground-breaking for CalArts current campus took place May 3,1969. However, construction of the new campus was hampered by rains, labor troubles. So the new school began its first year in the buildings of Villa Cabrini Academy, CalArts moved to its present campus in the Valencia section of the city of Santa Clarita, California in November 1971. The founding board of trustees originally planned on creating CalArts as a school in an entertainment complex, a destination like Disneyland, such a model is exemplified in the 1941 Disney film The Reluctant Dragon. In an ironic turn of fate, they appointed Dr. Robert W. Corrigan as the first president of the Institute. Corrigan, former dean of the School of Arts at New York University, was attempting to create a mix of artistic disciplines as those that were going to be attempted at CalArts. Corrigan fired almost all the artists and teachers from Chouinard in his attempt to remake CalArts into his personal vision and he was joined the following year by his friend Herbert Blau, hired as the Institutes provost and dean of the School of Theater and Dance. Corrigan held his position until 1972, when he was replaced by William S. Lund, a Disney son-in-law, within a month of Lunds tenure as president,55 of CalArts 325 faculty and staff were fired
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California Institute of Technology
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The California Institute of Technology is a private doctorate-granting university located in Pasadena, California, United States. The vocational and preparatory schools were disbanded and spun off in 1910, the university is one among a small group of Institutes of Technology in the United States which is primarily devoted to the instruction of technical arts and applied sciences. Caltech has six divisions with strong emphasis on science and engineering, managing $332 million in 2011 in sponsored research. Its 124-acre primary campus is located approximately 11 mi northeast of downtown Los Angeles, first-year students are required to live on campus, and 95% of undergraduates remain in the on-campus House System at Caltech. Although Caltech has a tradition of practical jokes and pranks. The Caltech Beavers compete in 13 intercollegiate sports in the NCAA Division IIIs Southern California Intercollegiate Athletic Conference, Caltech is frequently cited as one of the worlds best universities. There are 112 faculty members who have elected to the United States National Academies. In addition, numerous faculty members are associated with the Howard Hughes Medical Institute as well as NASA, according to a 2015 Pomona College study, Caltech ranked number one in the U. S. for the percentage of its graduates who go on to earn a PhD. Caltech started as a school founded in Pasadena in 1891 by local businessman and politician Amos G. Throop. The school was known successively as Throop University, Throop Polytechnic Institute, the vocational school was disbanded and the preparatory program was split off to form an independent Polytechnic School in 1907. At a time when research in the United States was still in its infancy, George Ellery Hale. He joined Throops board of trustees in 1907, and soon began developing it and he engineered the appointment of James A. B. Scherer, a literary scholar untutored in science but a capable administrator and fund raiser, scherer persuaded retired businessman and trustee Charles W. Gates to donate $25,000 in seed money to build Gates Laboratory, the first science building on campus. In 1910, Throop moved to its current site, arther Fleming donated the land for the permanent campus site. The promise of Throop attracted physical chemist Arthur Amos Noyes from MIT to develop the institution and assist in establishing it as a center for science, with the onset of World War I, Hale organized the National Research Council to coordinate and support scientific work on military problems. This institution, with its able investigators and excellent research laboratories, through the National Research Council, Hale simultaneously lobbied for science to play a larger role in national affairs, and for Throop to play a national role in science. During the course of the war, Hale, Noyes and Millikan worked together in Washington on the NRC, subsequently, they continued their partnership in developing Caltech. Under the leadership of Hale, Noyes and Millikan, Caltech grew to prominence in the 1920s
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Claremont Colleges
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Put together, the campuses cover roughly 1 square mile. The purpose of the consortium is to provide the specialization, flexibility and personal attention commonly found in a small college and their compartmentalized collegiate university design was inspired by Oxford University and Cambridge University. With more than 6,300 students, about 700 faculty, and approximately 1,600 staff and support, the Claremont Colleges are a unique consortium that the Fiske Guide called a collection of intellectual resources unmatched in America. The five undergraduate colleges are, Pomona College, a small, coeducational, liberal arts college offers majors in humanities, social sciences. Pomona College is the member of the Claremont Colleges. Scripps College, a small, liberal arts, womens college, Claremont McKenna College, a small, coeducational, liberal arts college which specializes in economics, political science, international relations, and public policy. It also maintains a set of majors in the natural sciences, social sciences. Claremont McKenna College is also home to the Robert Day School of Economics and Finance, Pitzer College, a small, coeducational, liberal arts college offering an alternative curriculum, noted for interdisciplinarity. It also has an emphasis upon social justice and social responsibility. Pitzer is part of the SAT optional movement among liberal arts colleges, the five undergraduate Claremont Colleges are commonly referred to as the 5Cs, while 7Cs is used to refer to all the colleges, including the two graduate institutions. Keck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, a graduate school offers professional Master of Bioscience degree. It also offers a Postdoctoral Professional Masters and a joint PhD program in biology with Claremont Graduate University. The Keck Graduate Institute School of Pharmacy opened in 2014 offering a four-year Doctorate of Pharmacy degree, the Claremont School of Theology is affiliated with the consortium, but is not a member. According to the American Liberal Arts College rankings released by U. S. Additionally, U. S. News & World Report also releases individual graduate program rankings for the Claremont Graduate University, with several of its programs ranking in the top tier of graduate programs nationwide. Each college is independent in that, for example, students receive their degrees from the one college in which they are enrolled, the seven-institution Claremont Colleges system is supported by the Claremont University Consortium. The Claremont Colleges Library is an example of the level of cooperation in terms of support services, the library collection ranks third among the private institutions in California, behind only Stanford and USC. In addition, three of the Claremont Colleges—Claremont McKenna College, Pitzer College, and Scripps College—share a single science program and these three colleges pool their resources to create the largest academic department in Claremont, the Joint Science Department. Many research projects and courses utilize the Robert J. Bernard Field Station, many clubs are open to students from all the undergraduate colleges
