Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse
Louis IV was the Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine from 13 June 1877 until his death in 1892. Through his marriage to Queen Victoria's second daughter Alice, he was connected to the British royal family. Two of his daughters married into the House of Romanov.
Ludwig IV, 1878
The Equestrian statue of Ludwig IV on the Friedensplatz in Darmstadt
Image: Victoria Hesse 1863
Image: Elizabeth Fyodorovna of Russia
The Grand Duchy of Hesse and by Rhine was a grand duchy in western Germany that existed from 1806 to 1918. The grand duchy originally formed from the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt in 1806 as the Grand Duchy of Hesse. It assumed the name Hesse und bei Rhein in 1816 to distinguish itself from the Electorate of Hesse, which had formed from neighbouring Hesse-Kassel. Colloquially, the grand duchy continued to be known by its former name of Hesse-Darmstadt.
Louis I depicted with Hessian Constitution in his right hand on the Ludwigsmonument [de] in Darmstadt
Title page of The Hessian Courier.
Karl du Thil [de], President of the Council of Ministers, 1829–1848
Heinrich von Gagern, chief minister during the Revolution of 1848 (lithograph by Eduard von Heuss)
![Louis I depicted with Hessian Constitution in his right hand on the Ludwigsmonument [de] in Darmstadt](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Ludwigsmonument-3.jpg/323px-Ludwigsmonument-3.jpg)
![Karl du Thil [de], President of the Council of Ministers, 1829–1848](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Karl_du_Thil_1845_%28IZ_05-100_Kretzschmar_%2B_ACR%29.jpg/339px-Karl_du_Thil_1845_%28IZ_05-100_Kretzschmar_%2B_ACR%29.jpg)
