Louis the Pious
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Louis the Pious, also called the Fair and the Debonaire, was King of the Franks and co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, from 813. He was also King of Aquitaine from 781. As the only surviving son
Charlemagne crowns Louis the Pious
Denarius of Louis
Louis the Pious doing penance at Attigny in 833
Louis the German
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Louis the German, also known as Louis II of Germany, was the first king of East Francia, and ruled from 843 to 876 AD. Grandson of emperor Charlemagne and the third son of Louis the Pious, emperor of
Louis the Pious
…and asserted Frankish authority over Pamplona and the Basques south of the Pyrenees in 812. As emperor, he included his adult sons, Lothair, Pepin and Louis, in the government and sought to establish a suitable division of the realm among them. The first decade of his reign was characterised by several…
Louis's seal with an effigy of the Roman emperor Hadrian. The inscription reads "XPE PROTEGE HLUDOICUM REGEM" meaning – "O Christ, protect King Louis!"
Wandalbert of Prüm presents his martyrology to a king, probably Louis the German, in a 9th-century illustration
Carolingian gatehouse (Torhalle) to Lorsch Abbey, where Louis the German was buried
Contemporary illustration from the Louis the German Psalter depicting Louis (bottom) genuflecting before Christ on the cross