The lyceum movement in the United States refers to a loose collection of adult education programs named for the classical Lyceum which flourished in the mid-19th century, particularly in the Northeast and Midwest. Some of these organizations lasted until the early 20th century.
The Lyceum Magazine, Chicago. The magazine worked toward the movement's goals of improving society by its advertisements of event choices for members to sponsor for their communities.
Ralph Waldo Emerson, who went by his middle name Waldo, was an American essayist, lecturer, philosopher, abolitionist, and poet who led the Transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. He was seen as a champion of individualism and critical thinking, as well as a prescient critic of the countervailing pressures of society and conformity. Friedrich Nietzsche thought he was "the most gifted of the Americans", and Walt Whitman called him his "master".
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Engraved drawing, 1878
Daguerreotype of Lidian Jackson Emerson and her son Edward Waldo Emerson, c. 1850
Emerson in 1859