Manco Cápac known as Manco Inca and Ayar Manco was, according to some historians, the first governor and founder of the Inca civilization in Cusco in the early 13th century. He is a main figure of Inca mythology, being the protagonist of the two best known legends about the origin of the Inca, both of them connecting him to the foundation of Cusco, his main wife was his older sister, Mama Uqllu the mother of his son and successor Sinchi Ruq'a. Though his figure is mentioned in several chronicles, his actual existence remains uncertain. Manco Cápac was born in Tamputoco, which according to some is located in the present-day province of Pumaurco, in Peru; the city served as a refuge for many people escaping the Aymaran invasions of the Altiplano. His father was named Apu Tambo. Manco Cápac and his family lived a nomadic lifestyle. After the death of his father, Manqu Qhapakq had to succeed him as the head of the ayllu, to which belonged several dozens of families; the members of the ayllu were nomads, the trajectory of their journeys through the Altiplano resembles the journey described in the legend of the Ayar brothers.
Upon arriving to the Cusco valley, they defeated three small tribes. The founded city was divided into four districts. Manco Cápac's tribe, or ayllu, only occupied a small fraction of the Cusco valley, the rest of it being inhabited by larger and more powerful tribes, who would threaten the city. Located at north of the city there was a confederated lordship of Pinaguas. All these tribes regarded Manco Cápac and his ayllu as invaders, would attack them. Manco Cápac, his son and successor Sinchi Roca would have to defend the city against the other tribes. Manqu Qhapaq left his son, Sinchi Roca, as his successor in Cusco, his body was mummified and remained in the city until the reign of Pachacuti, who ordered its move to the Tiwanaku temple in Lake Titicaca. In Cusco there remained. Manco Cápac is the protagonist of the two main legends. Both legends state that his wife was Mama Uqllu. In this legend, Manco Cápac was the son of Viracocha of Paqariq Tampu, he and his brothers and sisters lived near Cusco at Paqariq Tampu, they united their people with other tribes encountered in their travels.
They sought to conquer the tribes of the Cusco Valley. This legend incorporates the golden staff, thought to have been given to Manco Cápac by his father. Accounts vary, but according to some versions of the legend, the Manco got rid of his three brothers, trapping them or turning them into stone, thus becoming the leader of Cusco, he married his older sister, Mama Occlo, they begot a son named Sinchi Roca. In this second legend, Manco Cápac was a son of the sun god Inti and the moon goddess Mama Killa, brother of Pacha Kamaq. Manco Cápac himself was worshipped as a Sun God. According to the Inti legend, Manco Cápac and his siblings were sent up to the earth by the sun god and emerged from the cave of Pacaritambo carrying a golden staff, called tapac-yauri. Instructed to create a Temple of the Sun in the spot where the staff sank into the earth, they traveled to Cusco via caves and there built a temple in honour of their father Inti. However, given the absence of a written tradition recounting this tale before the publication of Comentarios Reales de los Incas by Garcilaso de la Vega in the year 1609, the authenticity of this legend as a legitimate Incan legend is questioned.
The Scrooge McDuck comic book The Son of the Sun, written by Don Rosa, features Manco Cápac as the original owner of various lost treasures. In the first chapter of Herman Melville's The Confidence-Man the sudden appearance at sunrise on April 1 of a mysterious fictional character is compared to Cápac's appearance out of Lake Titicaca. In P. B. Kerr's Eye of the Forest, the fifth book in the Children of the Lamp series, Manco Cápac is said to be a powerful Djinn who took his place as a god amongst the Incas by displaying his power of matter manipulation. In British author Anthony Horowitz's fantasy-thriller book series The Power of Five, Manco Cápac is the son of Inti, one of five children destined to keep the universe safe from the forces of evil. Cápac is reincarnated in the 21st century. Kuzco, the main character from Emperor's New Groove, in the first version of the movie Kingdom of the Sun was supposed to be named Manco Cápac; the car float Manco Capac operates across Lake Titicaca between PeruRail's railhead at Puno and the port of Guaqui in Bolivia.
Soriano, Waldemar Esponoza. Los Incas. Economia, Sociedad Y Estado En La Era Del Tahuantinsuyo. Amaru Editores. ISBN 84-7090-300-4. Kingdom of Cusco Inca Empire
The City of Boroondara is a local government area in Victoria, Australia. It is located in the eastern suburbs of Melbourne, it was formed in June 1994 from the amalgamation of the Cities of Kew and Hawthorn. It has an area of 60 km2. In June 2018 the City had a population of 181,289. Boroondara was rated ninth of 590 Australian local government areas in the BankWest Quality of Life Index 2008, first in a 2013 Victoria-wide community satisfaction survey; this area was occupied by the Wurundjeri Indigenous Australians of the Kulin nation. In 1837, John Gardiner and his family were the first Europeans to settle in the area. Robert Hoddle surveyed the area in 1837 and declared it the "Parish of Boroondara"; the area was densely wooded, so he took a word from the Woiwurrung language, meaning "where the ground is thickly shaded". The first Local Government body was the Boroondara District Road Board, formed on 11 July 1854 and incorporating the areas which were to become the City of Hawthorn, City of Kew and City of Camberwell.
Hawthorn and Kew were created as separate municipalities in 1860 and the remaining area of the Road Board became Shire of Boroondara on 17 November 1871, which became the City of Camberwell. The three municipalities were amalgamated in June 1994 to create the City of Boroondara. Existing councillors from the three municipalities were replaced by three commissioners - David Glanville, David Thomas and Marion Macleod; the commissioners were in turn replaced by ten councillors following elections in 1996. Boroondara City Council is the third tier of government and deals with services such as waste and recycling collection, leisure centres and planning permits and approvals, drainage, health services, youth services, children's services, food safety and gardens, library services, street parking permits and the collection of rates and charges. Boroondara City Council is composed of each representing one of ten wards, it is one of only two councils in Victoria to have an number of councillors. All councillors are elected for a fixed four-year term of office, with the most recent election bring held in October 2016.
The mayor is elected by councillors at a meeting of the Council in October each year. The current mayor is Cr Cynthia Watson. Liberal Labor 1. Gina Goldsmith 2. Phil Meggs 3. Dennis Whelan 4. Mary Halikias-Byrnes List of mayors of Boroondara The Council is responsible for the management of stormwater collection and removal; the water supply authority is Yarra Valley Water. The City of Boroondara has five libraries at Camberwell, Balwyn and Hawthorn, in 2018 opened a'library lounge' at the Greythorn Community Hub in Balwyn North. Ashburton Balwyn Balwyn North Camberwell Canterbury Deepdene Glen Iris Hawthorn Hawthorn East Kew Kew East Mont Albert Surrey Hills Boroondara has one of the highest concentrations of students in Australia and contains many private schools, including Xavier College, Methodist Ladies' College, Strathcona Baptist Girls' Grammar School, Camberwell Grammar School, Trinity Grammar School, Ruyton Girls' School, Rossbourne School, Carey Baptist Grammar School, Scotch College, Fintona Girls' School, Genazzano FCJ College and Alia College.
It contains Catholic schools such as St Michael's Parish School Our Lady of Good Counsel and St Bede's School and a number of public schools, including Canterbury Girls' Secondary College, Balwyn High School, Kew High School, Auburn High School and Camberwell High School. List of Melbourne suburbs Official website Link to Land Victoria interactive maps Boroondara travel guide from Wikivoyage
Andrea Christine Lea is the Arkansas State Auditor and a Republican former member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from Russellville, Arkansas. She was elected state auditor on November 4, 2014, to succeed the Democratic incumbent, Charlie Daniels, who did not seek reelection. From 2013 to 2015, Lea represented House District 71. From 2009 to 2013, she represented House District 68, a position held by the term-limited Republican, Robert E. Dale of Dover in Pope County, she was fourth in seniority in the state House. Reared in a military family, Lea has lived in New Hampshire and Newbury Park in Ventura County, California, she holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Emergency Administration and Management from Arkansas Tech University in Russellville. She and her husband, have three children, Kevin Joseph, Andrew James, Mary Elizabeth Lea. Phillp and Andrea Lea are members, she is the recording secretary, of the Central Presbyterian Church of Russellville. Lea is a biking enthusiast. Prior to her legislative service, Lea was a member of the Russellville City Council and a justice of the peace on the Pope County Quorum Court, equivalent to county commission in other states.
In 2008, she was elected in House District 68 over Democrat Thomas Roy Akin of Russellville, 5,681 to 4,634. Mary Elaine Boley of the Green Party in Russellville held the remaining 394 ballots; the seat was vacated by the Republican Michael Lamoureux of Russellville. Lea was unopposed for a second House term in 2010. In 2012, Lea again ran without opposition; the previous representative, Democrat Tommy Wren, was transferred to District 62. Lea was a member of the Arkansas Legislative Council. In her last term in office, she chaired the State Agencies and Governmental Affairs Committee, she was assigned to the Energy, Management and Revenue & Taxation committees. Lea was a member of the American Legislative Exchange Council; the purpose of this council is to promote sample legislation written by corporations. She was the organization's co-state chairperson along with Eddie Joe Williams succeeding Michael Lamoureux in that role. In 2013, Lea co-sponsored legislation to require photo identification for casting a ballot in Arkansas and to ban abortion after twenty weeks of gestation.
She voted to override the vetoes of Democratic Governor Mike Beebe to enact both measures. She supported or co-sponsored related legislation to ban abortions whenever a fetal heartbeat is detected, to forbid the inclusion of abortion in the state insurance exchange, to make the death of a fetus a felony in certain cases, she co-sponsored a spending cap in the state budget, but the measure failed to gain approval by two votes in the House. She co-sponsored amending state income tax rates. Lea voted to allow university officials to carry concealed weapons on college campuses, she co-sponsored legislation to permit concealed weapons in religious institutions. She voted to prohibit the governor from regulating firearms in an emergency, she supported lowering the application fee for obtaining a concealed carry permit. Lea supported legislation to make the office of prosecuting attorney in Arkansas nonpartisan, she supported the bill, signed by Governor Beebe, to permit the sale of up to five hundred gallons per month of unpasteurized whole milk directly from the farm to consumers.
She voted against a defeated proposal to prohibit the closure of schools based on declining enrollments over a two-year period. In 2011, Lea supported a dress code and curriculum standards for biblical instruction in public schools, she supported a tax reduction on manufacturers' utilities. She voted to prohibit driver's license tests being administered in any language other than English, she opposed the prohibition of cell phone use in school zones, but the measure passed, 53–41. She supported the congressional redistricting bill, which passed 61–20; the office of State Auditor is one of Arkansas’ seven constitutional offices. The State Auditor is the general accountant for the state, is in charge of the payroll for the executive and judicial branches; the office is in charge of the state's unclaimed property program. The office has existed since Arkansas was made a United States territory in 1819, its duties have changed little since its inception. Lea is the third woman elected to the office of State Auditor.
The first woman elected was Jimmie Lou Fisher. The second woman elected was Julia Hughes Jones. Lea is the first Republican woman elected as State Auditor in Arkansas; the State Auditor's office in Arkansas is in charge of an unclaimed property program. This program is referred to as The Great Arkansas Treasure Hunt; the purpose of this program is to return lost money to their rightful owners. Cash assets and safety deposit box contents are turned over to the State Auditor's office after the institutions holding the property deem it abandoned. According to Lea, in Arkansas, there is $317,000,000 in unclaimed property as of 2017, she stated that, “Reuniting Arkansans with their money is something I take seriously... We now estimate. If you’ve searched in the past, it’s time to search again!” In January 2019, Lea was elected as the President of the National Association of Unclaimed Property Administrators. This organization is associated with the Association of State Auditors, its purpose is to create awareness of the importance of unclaimed property as a necessary consumer protection program.
Its members represent all fifty states, the District of Columbia, all of the United St