The term mandala is used to describe a model of decentralized political systems in the early historical era of medieval Southeast Asia. At that time, authority radiated from a core centre rather than
Bunga mas (Flowers of Gold), tribute from northern Malay states in Malay peninsula for Siam. National Museum, Kuala Lumpur.)
Tambralinga or Ho-ling was an Indianised kingdom located on the Malay Peninsula, existing at least from the 2nd to 13th centuries CE. The ethnicity of the kingdom is not known with any certainty, thou
The Buddhist stupa Chedi Phrae Boromadhatu built by Chandrabhanu of the Padmavamsa lineage