The Mariner program was conducted by the American space agency NASA to explore other planets. Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary
Launch of Mariner 1 in 1962
Dr. William H. Pickering, (center) JPL Director, presents a Mariner 2 spacecraft model to President John F. Kennedy in 1963. NASA Administrator James Webb is standing directly behind the Mariner model.
Diagram of Mariner 1 and 2 with Atlas-Agena launch vehicle
Mariner 4 was the fourth in a series of spacecraft intended for planetary exploration in a flyby mode. It was designed to conduct closeup scientific observations of Mars and to transmit these observat
Mariner program
…Mariner 2 – Defunct after successful mission, occupies a heliocentric orbit. Sisterships Mariner 3 and Mariner 4 were Mars flyby missions. Mariner 3 was launched on November 5, 1964, but the shroud encasing the spacecraft atop its rocket failed to open properly…
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Mariner 4 is prepared for a weight test on November 1, 1963
Mariner 4 TV Camera Scan Platform