A maser is a device that produces coherent electromagnetic waves, through amplification by stimulated emission. The term is an acronym for microwave amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.
The first prototype ammonia maser in front of its inventor Charles H. Townes. The ammonia nozzle is at left in the box, the four brass rods at center are the quadrupole state selector, and the resonant cavity is at right. The 24 GHz microwaves exit through the vertical waveguide Townes is adjusting. At bottom are the vacuum pumps.