Mateiu Ion Caragiale, also credited as Matei or Matheiu, or in the antiquated version Mateiŭ, was a Romanian poet and prose writer, best known for his novel Craii de Curtea-Veche, which portrays the milieu of boyar descendants before and after World War I. Caragiale's style, associated with Symbolism, the Decadent movement of the fin de siècle, and early modernism, was an original element in the Romanian literature of the interwar period. In other late contributions, Caragiale pioneered detective fiction locally, but there is disagreement over whether his work in the field produced a complete narrative or just fragments. The scarcity of writings he left is contrasted by their critical acclaim and a large, mostly posthumous, following, commonly known as mateists.
Mateiu Caragiale
Ion Luca Caragiale holding Mateiu, ca. 1890
Photograph of the aging Caragiale
Caragiale's bookplate, drawn in his own hand and showing the coat of arms he had designed for himself
The Decadent movement was a late-19th-century artistic and literary movement, centered in Western Europe, that followed an aesthetic ideology of excess and artificiality.
Apostle Bartolomew flayed alive, by Jan Luyken, 1685
Title page of the magazine Le Décadent
Medardo Rosso, Sick child, 1903–04
Portrait of Euphemia Pavlova Nosova [ru] by Nikolai Kalmakov [ru]