Materialism
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In philosophy and metaphysics, materialism is a form of monism holding that matter is the fundamental substance of nature, so that all things, including mind and consciousness, arise from material int
Leucippus (4th century BC), father of atomism and teacher of Democritus. Painting by Luca Giordano, c. 1653.
Atomists proposed that the universe consists of atoms moving in space. Of the Nature of Things by Lucretius, 1682.
Epicureanism
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Epicureanism, less commonly Epicurism, is a school of philosophy founded in 307 BCE and based upon the teachings of Epicurus, an ancient Greek philosopher. Epicurus was an atomist and materialist, fol
Materialism
…did not espouse a monist ontology, instead espousing the ontological separation of matter and space (i.e. that space is "another kind" of being). Epicureanism is a philosophy of materialism from classical antiquity that was a major forerunner of modern science. Classical atomism predates Epicurus: 5th‑century…
Roman Epicurus bust
De rerum natura manuscript, copied by an Augustinian friar for Pope Sixtus IV, c. 1483, after the discovery of an early manuscript in 1417 by the humanist and papal secretary Poggio Bracciolini