Medieval commune
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Medieval communes in the European Middle Ages had sworn allegiances of mutual defense among the citizens of a town or city. These took many forms and varied widely in organization and makeup.
Defensive towers at San Gimignano, Tuscany, bear witness to the factional strife within communes.
The defence of the Carroccio during the battle of Legnano (1176) by Amos Cassioli (1832–1891)
San Gimignano
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San Gimignano is a small walled medieval hill town in the province of Siena, Tuscany, north-central Italy. Known as the Town of Five Towers, San Gimignano is famous for its medieval architecture, uniq
Medieval commune
…Golden Ambrosian Republic San Gimignano Bologna…
Aerial view of the town
Piazza della Cisterna in San Gimignano
The central Piazza della Cisterna
View of the town from the south