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Medieval university
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A medieval university was a corporation organized during the Middle Ages for the purposes of higher education. The first Western European institutions generally considered to be universities were established in present-day Italy, including the Kingdoms of Sicily and Naples, and the Kingdoms of England, France, Spain, Portugal, and Scotland between the 11th and 15th centuries for the study of the arts and the higher disciplines of theology, law, and medicine. These universities evolved from much older Christian cathedral schools and monastic schools, and it is difficult to define the exact date when they became true universities, though the lists of studia generalia for higher education in Europe held by the Vatican are a useful guide.
Illustration from a 16th-century manuscript showing a meeting of doctors at the University of Paris
Teaching at Paris, in a late 14th-century Grandes Chroniques de France: the tonsured students sit on the floor
Teaching at Paris, in a late 14th-century Grandes Chroniques de France: the tonsured students sit on the floor
Established in 1224 by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, University of Naples Federico II in Italy is the world's oldest state-funded university in co
Established in 1224 by Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor, University of Naples Federico II in Italy is the world's oldest state-funded university in continuous operation.
This Mob Quad group of buildings in Merton College, Oxford was constructed in three phases and concluded in c. 1378.
This Mob Quad group of buildings in Merton College, Oxford was constructed in three phases and concluded in c. 1378.
University of Montpellier
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The University of Montpellier is a public research university located in Montpellier, in south-east of France. Established in 1220, the University of Montpellier is one of the oldest universities in the world.
The Quia Sapientia bull in 1289 Pope Nicolas IV
The Quia Sapientia bull in 1289 Pope Nicolas IV
University of Montpellier, Faculty of Medicine, the world's oldest medical school still in operation.
University of Montpellier, Faculty of Medicine, the world's oldest medical school still in operation.