Metoposcopy
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Metoposcopy is a form of divination in which the diviner predicts personality, character, and destiny, based on the pattern of lines on the subject's forehead. It was in use in the classical era, and
Diagram from Metoposcopia, Samuel Fuchs, 1615
Portrait of Cardano on display at the School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews.
Kabbalah
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Kabbalah or Qabalah is an esoteric method, discipline, and school of thought in Jewish mysticism. It forms the foundation of mystical religious interpretations within Judaism. A traditional Kabbalist
Latin translation of Joseph ben Abraham Gikatilla's Shaarei Ora
Scheme of descending sephirot in three columns, as a tree with roots above and branches below
Joseph Karo's role as both legalist and mystic underscores Kabbalah's spiritualisation of normative Jewish observance
Building on Kabbalah's conception of the soul, Abraham Abulafia's meditations included the "inner illumination of" the human form