1.
Metro Station (band)
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Metro Station is an American pop band that was formed in Los Angeles by Trace Cyrus and Mason Musso. In late 2006, the signed a recording contract with Columbia Records. The band is best known for the Top 10 Billboard hit single Shake It from the groups self-titled debut album, in 2010, tension between Cyrus and Musso caused the band to go on hiatus. In 2011 the band returned, however it was announced that Cyrus was no longer a part of the group, an EP entitled Middle of the Night was released in 2013, which was led by the single Every Time I Touch You. In 2014 Cyrus returned to the band and a new single entitled Love & War was released, in 2015, the band released a second full-length album titled Savior. The band is described as a scene pop band due to the members sense of fashion. In 2006, Mason Musso and Trace Cyrus agreed to meet on the set of Hannah Montana, which starred Masons brother, Mitchel, sharing musical interests, they decided to form a band. Shortly thereafter, Cyrus recruited Blake Healy from Synthetic Joy as a keyboardist, synthesist, Cyrus remained the singer and the lead guitarist. Musso became the main singer and rhythm guitarist. Metro Station soon gained the attention of drummer Anthony Improgo, who was added as the drummer after the group released the song Seventeen Forever on its MySpace Music website. Musso sang lead on the track, The groups popularity on MySpace Music grew, Metro Station was discovered by an intern working for Columbia Records Walking Eye program, while looking through the MySpace Music charts, and the group was signed shortly thereafter. In the July 2007 issue of music magazine Alternative Press, Metro Station was listed as one of the 22 Best Underground Bands, the band released its self-titled debut studio album in September 2007. The album had two singles released, Kelsey and Control, although both singles failed to make the charts, with higher sales of the album both became more popular. It wasnt until mid-2008, after the release of the single Shake It, that the received a significant amount of commercial exposure. The song peaked at No.3 on Hot Digital Songs, No.9 in the Pop 100, No.10 in the Billboard Hot 100 and peaked at No.20 in the Hot Dance Airplay chart. The success of the song also affected sales, the album charting nine months later in 2008 at No.39 in the Billboard 200, No.1 Top Electronic Albums. In 2009 Metro Station toured in the Believers Never Die Tour Part Deux which with Hey Monday, All Time Low, Cobra Starship, the band also contributed a song to the Alice In Wonderland soundtrack Almost Alice titled Wheres My Angel. Musso retained his connections to the Metro Station name, while Cyrus began a project he named Ashland High
2.
Paulista Avenue
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Paulista Avenue is one of the most important avenues in São Paulo, Brazil. It stretches 2.8 kilometres and runs northwest to southeast, major crossroads on the street are Rua Augusta, Rua Haddock Lobo and Avenida Brigadeiro Luis Antonio. Parallel to it are Cincinato Braga, Joaquim Eugenio de Lima on the Bela Vista/Paraíso side and Alameda Santos, Paulista Avenue crosses sections of the neighborhoods of Paraíso, Bela Vista, Jardim Paulista, Cerqueira César and Jardim América, ending in Higienópolis. The headquarters of a number of financial and cultural institutions are located on Paulista Avenue. As a symbol of the center of economic and political power of São Paulo it has been the point of numerous political protests beginning in 1929. It is also home to a shopping area and to South Americas most comprehensive fine-art museum. Being one of the highest points in São Paulo, it is clustered with radio and TV stations antennae, Paulista Avenue is a major hub of the subway and bus lines of the city. Paulista Avenue was constructed in 1891 by Joaquim Eugênio de Lima, Paulista Avenue Number One belonged to the Von Bülow family, founders and operators of the Antarctica brewery. It became the first paved street in São Paulo in 1909, asphalt was imported from Germany to complete the project. A master plan for the avenue titled Plano de Avenida was devised by Mayor Francisco Prestes Maia in 1930 during the regime of President Getúlio Vargas and it was based on David Burnhams master plan for Chicago, and attempted to control urban growth of São Paulo. The plan promoted the decentralization of urban areas, development of automobile routes, the first multi-story building on the avenue was a seven-story structure at the corner of Paulista and Frei Caneca constructed in 1939. The most important of the ones still stand to this day is Casa das Rosas. It was turned into a center in the late 1980s. The house has oil/hydraulic heat radiators, a luxury only the millionaire could afford, Paulista Avenue underwent a massive renovation and verticalization beginning in the 1950s, a trend that followed president Juscelino Kubitscheks vision of a rapid economic expansion of Brazil. Developers pressured legislators to allow for the removal of Neo-Classic, Hindu-style and Middle Eastern structures along the street and these and other buildings were torn down overnight to avoid popular resistance. The avenue became home to institutions and a symbol of the economic power of State of São Paulo. The concentration of commerce on Paulista Avenue in the 1950s attracted a new population of middle class residents in the area, all trees along the avenue, numbering 182 on the right and 140 on the left, were declared eyesores and removed to accommodate the increase in transportation routes. Current trees on the avenue, which number 390, are the result of replanting between 2007 and 2008 and it is estimated that more than 800,000 Paulistas commute to Avenida Paulista daily
3.
Brazil
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Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. As the worlds fifth-largest country by area and population, it is the largest country to have Portuguese as an official language. Its Amazon River basin includes a vast tropical forest, home to wildlife, a variety of ecological systems. This unique environmental heritage makes Brazil one of 17 megadiverse countries, Brazil was inhabited by numerous tribal nations prior to the landing in 1500 of explorer Pedro Álvares Cabral, who claimed the area for the Portuguese Empire. Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until 1808, when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro, in 1815, the colony was elevated to the rank of kingdom upon the formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves. Independence was achieved in 1822 with the creation of the Empire of Brazil, a state governed under a constitutional monarchy. The ratification of the first constitution in 1824 led to the formation of a bicameral legislature, the country became a presidential republic in 1889 following a military coup détat. An authoritarian military junta came to power in 1964 and ruled until 1985, Brazils current constitution, formulated in 1988, defines it as a democratic federal republic. The federation is composed of the union of the Federal District, the 26 states, Brazils economy is the worlds ninth-largest by nominal GDP and seventh-largest by GDP as of 2015. A member of the BRICS group, Brazil until 2010 had one of the worlds fastest growing economies, with its economic reforms giving the country new international recognition. Brazils national development bank plays an important role for the economic growth. Brazil is a member of the United Nations, the G20, BRICS, Unasul, Mercosul, Organization of American States, Organization of Ibero-American States, CPLP. Brazil is a power in Latin America and a middle power in international affairs. One of the worlds major breadbaskets, Brazil has been the largest producer of coffee for the last 150 years and it is likely that the word Brazil comes from the Portuguese word for brazilwood, a tree that once grew plentifully along the Brazilian coast. In Portuguese, brazilwood is called pau-brasil, with the word brasil commonly given the etymology red like an ember, formed from Latin brasa and the suffix -il. As brazilwood produces a red dye, it was highly valued by the European cloth industry and was the earliest commercially exploited product from Brazil. The popular appellation eclipsed and eventually supplanted the official Portuguese name, early sailors sometimes also called it the Land of Parrots. In the Guarani language, a language of Paraguay, Brazil is called Pindorama
4.
HUDA City Centre metro station
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The HUDA City Centre is a terminal station on the Yellow Line of the Delhi Metro. It is a station and is located in Gurgaon in the National Capital Region of India. The station was inaugurated on 21 June 2010 as part of the Qutub Minar—HUDA City Centre corridor, list of Delhi Metro stations Transport in Delhi Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd. Delhi Metro Annual Reports Station Information
5.
Gurgaon
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Gurugram, is a city in the Indian state of Haryana and is located near the National Capital Region of India. It is 32 kilometres southwest of New Delhi and 268 kilometres southwest of Chandigarh, as of 2011, Gurugram had a population of 876,824. Witnessing rapid urbanisation, Gurugram has become a financial and industrial hub with the third highest per capita income in India. The citys economic growth story started when the leading Indian automobile manufacturer Maruti Suzuki India Limited established a plant in Gurugram in the 1970s. Today, Gurugram has local offices for more than 250 Fortune 500 companies, the land came to be known as Gurugram which over time became changed to Gurgaon. The village still exists within the modern day city, on 12 April 2016, Chief Minister of Haryana Manohar Lal Khattar announced a proposal to officially rename the city Gurugram, subject to the approval of the Haryana cabinet and the Union Government. He argued that the new name would help to preserve the heritage of the city by emphasising its history. On 27 September 2016, Manohar Lal Khattar officially announced that the Union Government had approved the name change, Gurugram was historically inhabited by the Hindu people and in early times, it formed a part of an extensive kingdom ruled over by Rajputs of Yaduvansi or Yadav clan. The Yadav were defeated by Muhammad of Ghor in 1196, under the rule of Feroz Shah Tughlaq, several were converted to Islam. This was followed by the invasion of Timur and the land was ruled by Khanzadas and it was then annexed by Babur. During Akbars reign, Gurugram fell within the regions of Delhi. As the Mughal Empire started to decline, the place was torn between contending powers, by 1803 most of it came under the British rule through the treaty of Surji Arjungaon with Sindhia. The town was first occupied by the cavalry unit posted to watch the army of Begum Samru of Sirdhana and it became a part of the district, which was divided into units called parganas. These units were given to petty chiefs for the service rendered by them. Eventually these units came under control of the British, with the last major administrative change in 1836. After the Revolt of 1857, it was transferred from the North-Western Provinces to Punjab Province, in 1947, Gurgaon became a part of independent India and fell under the Indian state of Punjab. In 1966, the city came under the administration of Haryana with the creation of the new state, Gurugram is located in Gurugram district in the Indian state of Haryana and is situated in the south eastern part of the state, and northern part of the country. The city is located on the border with Delhi with New Delhi to its north east, the city has a total area of 738.8 square kilometres The average land elevation is 217 metres above sea level
6.
India
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India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and it is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west, China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast, in the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. Indias Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a border with Thailand. The Indian subcontinent was home to the urban Indus Valley Civilisation of the 3rd millennium BCE, in the following millennium, the oldest scriptures associated with Hinduism began to be composed. Social stratification, based on caste, emerged in the first millennium BCE, early political consolidations took place under the Maurya and Gupta empires, the later peninsular Middle Kingdoms influenced cultures as far as southeast Asia. In the medieval era, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived, much of the north fell to the Delhi sultanate, the south was united under the Vijayanagara Empire. The economy expanded in the 17th century in the Mughal empire, in the mid-18th century, the subcontinent came under British East India Company rule, and in the mid-19th under British crown rule. A nationalist movement emerged in the late 19th century, which later, under Mahatma Gandhi, was noted for nonviolent resistance, in 2015, the Indian economy was the worlds seventh largest by nominal GDP and third largest by purchasing power parity. Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the major economies and is considered a newly industrialised country. However, it continues to face the challenges of poverty, corruption, malnutrition, a nuclear weapons state and regional power, it has the third largest standing army in the world and ranks sixth in military expenditure among nations. India is a constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system. It is a pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic society and is home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats. The name India is derived from Indus, which originates from the Old Persian word Hindu, the latter term stems from the Sanskrit word Sindhu, which was the historical local appellation for the Indus River. The ancient Greeks referred to the Indians as Indoi, which translates as The people of the Indus, the geographical term Bharat, which is recognised by the Constitution of India as an official name for the country, is used by many Indian languages in its variations. Scholars believe it to be named after the Vedic tribe of Bharatas in the second millennium B. C. E and it is also traditionally associated with the rule of the legendary emperor Bharata. Gaṇarājya is the Sanskrit/Hindi term for republic dating back to the ancient times, hindustan is a Persian name for India dating back to the 3rd century B. C. E. It was introduced into India by the Mughals and widely used since then and its meaning varied, referring to a region that encompassed northern India and Pakistan or India in its entirety
7.
Dortmund
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Dortmund is an independent city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is in the part of the state and is considered to be the administrative. Its population of 581,612 makes it the 8th largest city in Germany, moreover, Dortmund is the largest city by area and population in the Ruhr Area, an urban area with some 5.1 million inhabitants which is the largest urban agglomeration in Germany. Founded around 882, Dortmund became an Imperial Free City, throughout the 13th to 14th centuries, it was the chief city of the Rhine, Westphalia, the Netherlands Circle of the Hanseatic League. After the Thirty Years War the city was destroyed and decreased in significance until the onset of industrialization, the city then became one of Germanys most important coal, steel and beer centres. Thereby Dortmund was one of the most heavily bombed cities in Germany during World War II, the devastating bombing raids of the 12th March 1945 destroyed 98% of buildings in the inner city center. This bombing raids with more than 1,110 aircraft was a record to a target in World war II. The region has adapted since the collapse of its century long steel and coal industries and shifted to high technology biomedical technology, micro systems technology and also services. In 2009, Dortmund was classified as a Node city in the Innovation Cities Index published by 2thinknow and is the most sustainable city in Germany, the city is known as Westphalias green metropolis. Nearly half the territory consists of waterways, woodland, agriculture. This stands in a stark contrast with nearly a years of extensive coal mining. Dortmund is home to Ballspielverein Borussia 09 e. V, Dortmund, commonly known as Borussia Dortmund, a successful club in German football. The first time Dortmund was mentioned in documents was around 882. as Throtmanni. After it was destroyed by a fire, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I had the town rebuilt in 1152 and it became an Imperial Free City. Throughout the 13th to 14th centuries, it was the city of the Rhine, Westphalia. After 1320, the city appeared in writing as Dorpmunde, in the years leading up to 1344, the English King even borrowed money from well-heeled Dortmund merchant families Berswordt and Klepping, offering the regal crown as security. In 1388, Count von Mark joined forces with Archbishop of Cologne, following a major siege lasting 18 months, peace negotiations took place and Dortmund emerged victorious. After Cologne was excluded after the Anglo-Hanseatic War, Dortmund was made capital of the Rhine-Westphalian, the 1661 earthquake made the Reinoldikirche collapse
8.
France
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France, officially the French Republic, is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories. The European, or metropolitan, area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea, Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian oceans. France spans 643,801 square kilometres and had a population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017. It is a unitary republic with the capital in Paris. Other major urban centres include Marseille, Lyon, Lille, Nice, Toulouse, during the Iron Age, what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls, a Celtic people. The area was annexed in 51 BC by Rome, which held Gaul until 486, France emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages, with its victory in the Hundred Years War strengthening state-building and political centralisation. During the Renaissance, French culture flourished and a colonial empire was established. The 16th century was dominated by civil wars between Catholics and Protestants. France became Europes dominant cultural, political, and military power under Louis XIV, in the 19th century Napoleon took power and established the First French Empire, whose subsequent Napoleonic Wars shaped the course of continental Europe. Following the collapse of the Empire, France endured a succession of governments culminating with the establishment of the French Third Republic in 1870. Following liberation in 1944, a Fourth Republic was established and later dissolved in the course of the Algerian War, the Fifth Republic, led by Charles de Gaulle, was formed in 1958 and remains to this day. Algeria and nearly all the colonies became independent in the 1960s with minimal controversy and typically retained close economic. France has long been a centre of art, science. It hosts Europes fourth-largest number of cultural UNESCO World Heritage Sites and receives around 83 million foreign tourists annually, France is a developed country with the worlds sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest by purchasing power parity. In terms of household wealth, it ranks fourth in the world. France performs well in international rankings of education, health care, life expectancy, France remains a great power in the world, being one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and an official nuclear-weapon state. It is a member state of the European Union and the Eurozone. It is also a member of the Group of 7, North Atlantic Treaty Organization, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the World Trade Organization, originally applied to the whole Frankish Empire, the name France comes from the Latin Francia, or country of the Franks
9.
Platform screen doors
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Platform screen doors and platform edge doors at train or subway stations screen the platform from the train. They are a new addition to many metro systems around the world. They are widely used in newer Asian and European metro systems, the first stations in the world with platform screen doors are ten stations in the Saint Petersburg Metros Line 2 that opened between 1961 and 1972. The platform doors are actually openings in the wall, which support the ceiling of the platform. The track tunnels adjoining the ten island platforms were built with tunnel boring machines. Usually, TBMs bore the tunnels between stations, while the station vaults are dug out manually and contain both the tracks and the platform. These openings were covered with doors in order to prevent people from falling into the gaps between the walls. In 1987, the Singapore MRT was the first system in the world to install glass PSDs based on safety reasons, although the terms are often used interchangeably, platform screen doors can refer to both full-height and half-height barriers. The half-screen doors are only half of the height of the full-screen doors. These two types of screen doors are presently the main types in the world. These doors help to, Prevent accidental falls off the platform onto the track area, suicide attempts. Improve climate control within the station, improve security — access to the tracks and tunnels is restricted. Lower costs — eliminate the need for motormen or conductors when used in conjunction with Automatic Train Operation, Prevent litter build up on the track, which can be a fire risk. Improve the sound quality of platform announcements, as noise from the tunnels. Their primary disadvantage is their cost, installing a system typically costs several million USD per station and they also impede natural ventilation, increasing climate control costs. The doors also pose their own safety risks, the primary risk is that people may be trapped between the platform doors and the train carriage, and be subsequently crushed when the train begins to move. Cases of this happening are rare, and may depend upon door design, like full-height platform screen doors, these platform gates slide open or close simultaneously with the train doors. Half-height platform gates are cheaper to install platform screen doors
10.
Kaohsiung
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Kaohsiung City is a special municipality in Taiwan. It is a city with sufficiency as categorized by Globalization. The Kaohsiung International Airport is the second largest airport in Taiwan, the Port of Kaohsiung is the largest harbor in Taiwan, but not officially part of Kaohsiung City. The southern terminal of the Freeway 1 is in Kaohsiung, for north-south travel on railway, the city is served by the Taiwan Railways Administration stations of TRA Western Line and Pingtung Line. The Taiwan High Speed Rail also provides fast and frequent railway connection to Taipei, the Kaohsiung Mass Rapid Transit, the citys subway system, was launched in early 2008. Kaohsiung was the host city of the World Games 2009, a multi-sport event primarily composed of sports not featured in the Olympic Games, the city is also home to the Republic of China Navy fleet headquarters and academy. Hoklo immigrants to the area during the 16th and 17th centuries called it Takau, the surface meaning of the associated Chinese characters was beat the dog. According to one theory, the name Takau originates from the aboriginal Siraya language, according to another theory, the name evolved via metathesis from the name of the Makatao tribe, who inhabited the area at the time of European and Hoklo settlement. On a linguistic basis, the Makatao are considered to have part of a greater Siraya tribe. During the Dutch colonization of southern Taiwan, the area was known as Tancoia to the world for a period of about three decades. In 1662, the Dutch were expelled by the Kingdom of Tungning government and his son, Zheng Jing, renamed the village Banlian-chiu in 1664. The name of Takau was restored in the late 1670s, when the town expanded dramatically with immigrants from mainland China, in his 1903 general history of Taiwan, US Consul to Formosa James W. Davidson relates that Takow was already a well-known name in English. However, in 1920, the name was changed to Takao, while the new name had quite a different surface meaning, its pronunciation in Japanese sounded more or less the same as the old name spoken in Hokkien. After Taiwan was handed to the Republic of China, the name did not change, the name Takau remains the official name of the city in Austronesian languages of Taiwan such as Rukai, although these are not widely spoken in the city. The name also remains popular locally in the naming of businesses, associations, the written history of Kaohsiung can be traced back to the early 17th century, through archeological studies have found signs of human activity in the region from as long as 7000 years ago. Dutch settlers colonizing Taiwan in 1624 referred to the region as Tankoya, the first Chinese records of the region were written in 1603 by Chen Di, a member of Ming admiral Shen You-rongs expedition to rid the waters around Taiwan and Penghu of pirates. The earliest evidence of activity in the Kaohsiung area dates back to roughly 4700–5200 years ago. The prehistoric Dapenkeng, Niuchouzi, Dahu, and Niaosong civilizations were known to inhabit the region, unlike some other archeological sites in the area, the Longquan Temple ruins are relatively well preserved
