A military academy or service academy is an educational institution which prepares candidates for service in the officer corps. It provides education in a military environment, the exact definition depending on the country concerned. Three types of academy exist: pre-collegiate-level institutions awarding academic qualifications, university-level institutions awarding bachelor's degree level qualifications, those preparing officer cadets for commissioning into the armed services of the state. A naval academy is distinguished from one. In U. S. usage, the United States Military Academy and the United States Naval Academy are both service academies. The first military academies were established in the 18th century to provide future officers for technically specialized corps, such as engineers and artillery, with scientific training; the Royal Danish Naval Academy was set up in 1701, making it the oldest military academy in existence. The Royal Military Academy, Woolwich was set up in 1741, after a false start in 1720 because of a lack of funds, as the earliest military academy in Britain.
Its original purpose was to train cadets entering the Royal Royal Engineers. In France, the École Royale du Génie at Mézières was founded in 1748, followed by a non-technical academy in 1751, the École Royale Militaire offering a general military education to the nobility. French military academies were copied in Prussia, Austria and minor powers, including Turin and the Kingdom of Savoy, in the late 18th century. By the turn of the century, under the impetus of the Napoleonic Wars and the strain that the armies of Europe subsequently came under, military academies for the training of commissioned officers of the army were set up in most of the combatant nations; these military schools had two functions: to provide instruction for serving officers in the functions of the efficient staff-officer, to school youngsters before they gained an officer's commission. The Kriegsakademie in Prussia was founded in 1801 and the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr was created by order of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1802 as a replacement for the École Royale Militaire of the Ancien Régime.
The Royal Military College, Sandhurst, in England was the brainchild of John Le Marchant in 1801, who established schools for the military instruction of officers at High Wycombe and Great Marlow, with a grant of £30,000 from Parliament. The two original departments were combined and moved to Sandhurst. In the United States, the United States Military Academy located in West Point, New York was founded on March 16, 1802 and is one of five service academies in the nation. West Point rose to prominence after the Mexican-American War. Notable alumni include astronaut Buzz Aldrin, American presidents Ulysses S. Grant and Dwight D. Eisenhower, several American and Confederate generals such as William Tecumseh Sherman, Robert E. Lee, Stonewall Jackson, John J. Pershing, Douglas MacArthur and George S. Patton. A military school teaches children of various ages in a military environment which includes training in military aspects, such as drill. Many military schools are boarding schools, others are magnet schools in a larger school system.
Many are run institutions, though some are public and are run either by a public school system or by a state. A common misconception results because some states have chosen to house their juvenile criminal populations in higher-security boarding schools that are run in a manner similar to military boarding schools; these are called reform schools, are functionally a combination of school and prison. They attempt to emulate the environment of military boarding schools in the belief that a strict structured environment can reform these children; this may not be true. However, their environment and target population are different from those of military schools. Popular culture sometimes shows parents sending or threatening to send unruly children off to military school to teach them good behavior, while other fictional depictions don't show military academies as threats or punishment. A college-level military academy is an institute of higher learning of things military, it is part of a larger system of military training institutions.
The primary educational goal at military academies is to provide a high quality education that includes significant coursework and training in the fields of military tactics and military strategy. The amount of non-military coursework varies by both the institution and the country, the amount of practical military experience gained varies as well. Military academies may not grant university degrees. In the U. S. graduates have a major field of study, earning a Bachelor's degree in that subject just as at other universities. However, in British academies, the graduate does not achieve a university degree, since the whole of the one-year course is dedicated to military training. There are two types of military academies: state/private-run. Graduates from national academies are commissioned as officers in the country's military; the new officers have an obligation to serve for a certain number o
Highway 308 is a designation for two east–west state highways in the Arkansas Delta region of eastern Arkansas. One segment of 6.21 miles runs east from U. S. Route 63 Business in Marked Tree to the Marked Tree Municipal Airport. A second route of 10.94 miles begins at Highway 118 at Whitton and runs east to US 61 at Frenchman's Bayou. Both routes are maintained by the Arkansas State Transportation Department; the route runs north from US 63B in Marked Tree. The route turns east and runs to Spear Lake to terminate at Highway 135. Highway 308 runs south to Birdsong; the route turns north to concur with Highway 77 briefly. AR 308 continues east to cross Interstate 55 before terminating at US 61 in Frenchman's Bayou; the segment between Marked Tree and Highway 135 was adopted as a state highway by the Arkansas State Highway Commission on April 24, 1963. The spur route to the Marked Tree Municipal Airport was added to the system on June 24, 1970, the business route was created on March 28, 1973; the highway between Highway 118 and Birdsong was designated a state highway on April 25, 1973, with an extension to Frenchman's Bayou on February 27, 1974.
Arkansas Highway 308 Spur is a 0.1-mile spur route north of Marked Tree. Route descriptionMajor intersectionsThe entire route is in Poinsett County. Arkansas Highway 308 Business, colloquially Elm Street, is a business route in Marked Tree, it is 1.3 miles in length. Route descriptionMajor intersectionsThe entire route is in Poinsett County. List of state highways in Arkansas Arkansas Highway 980, the traditional highway designation for airport roads in Arkansas Media related to Arkansas Highway 308 at Wikimedia Commons
Fire and Water is the third studio album released by the English rock group Free. It became the band's breakthrough, achieving widespread commercial success after the band's first two studio albums had faced a more muted response. With the "tremendous" acclaim of Fire and Water at their backs, in the words of AllMusic, Free headlined the 1970 Isle of Wight Festival and "appeared destined for superstardom". Fire and Water reached #2 on the U. K. album chart. In contrast, neither of the band's prior two studio albums had charted at all. Fire and Water additionally reached #17 on the equivalent U. S. chart. The album spawned the popular single "All Right Now", praised by publications such as AllMusic as a hard rock "smash powered by Rodgers' gritty, visceral vocals"; the song became a Top 5 rock hit in not just the group's native United Kingdom, but it additionally did well in multiple European countries such as Austria and Germany. The group had formed in London, England back in 1968, with musician Paul Kossoff of the blues band Black Cat Bones witnessing a project that featured frontman Paul Rodgers.
Free came into being once the duo joined up with musicians Simon Kirke and Andy Fraser, the latter from the ranks of John Mayall's Bluesbreakers. Free's debut album, titled Tons of Sobs, came out in 1968 to a muted response; the group's eponymous 1969 follow-up, while expanding on the band's mix of styles failed to achieve commercial success. Neither studio album had charted at all. Free recorded Fire and Water from January 1970 to June 1970 in London, the group using the engineering facilities of Island Studios and Trident Studios. Mike Sida devised the album's cover image, with Richard Polak being the band's photographer. Free produced the work themselves, with assistance from others. In addition, Roy Baker contributed to the album's production, providing particular help with the audio engineering. Before getting started with Free, he'd worked with groups such as Savoy Brown and The Deviants in the 1960s. After his association with Fire and Water, he has spent multiple decades serving rock bands such as Byzantium, Hawkwind and The Cars.
Music critic Matthew Greenwald has written for AllMusic praising the album. He stated that by 1970 "Free presented itself to the world as a complete band, in every sense of the word" with elements ranging from "Paul Kossoff's exquisite and tasteful guitar work to Paul Rodgers' soulful vocals" on display for listeners, he positively compared the group's work with that of bands Blind Faith and Derek and the Dominos. Multiple critics have viewed the album as the high-point of the Free discography. Track "All Right Now" in particular continues to receive widespread radio airplay. All tracks written by Paul Rodgers unless otherwise stated. Side one"Fire and Water" – 4:02 3:41 "Oh I Wept" – 4:26 "Remember" – 4:20 "Heavy Load" – 5:19Side two"Mr. Big" – 5:55 "Don't Say You Love Me" – 6:01 "All Right Now" – 5:32 Reissue Bonus Tracks"Oh I Wept" - Alternate Vocal "Fire and Water" - Stereo Mix "Fire and Water" - BBC Session "All Right Now" - BBC Session "All Right Now" - Single Version "All Right Now" - Early Version Paul Rodgers – vocals Paul Kossoff – lead guitar, rhythm guitar Andy Fraser – bass guitar, acoustic guitar, piano Simon Kirke – drums, percussion In 2001 the album was reissued with extra tracks, consisting only of alternate versions of songs on the album.
They include an alternate vocal take of "Oh I Wept" and a remix of "Fire and Water" to correct many of the production deficiencies that the original contains. This version of the song does not fade out. A BBC Session of this song is included; the extra tracks include three different versions of "All Right Now": one is a BBC session. It runs at 4:18, one minute and fourteen seconds less than the album version: the final verse is gone and the guitar solo is cut down, a fact that Kossoff disliked; the final version of the song is an early take, never used. In 2008 the album was issued again as a 2CD Deluxe Edition with twenty-three extra tracks. Most of these bonus tracks had appeared on the Songs of Yesterday box set, but five unreleased alternate versions were included. Wilson Pickett's 1971 version of "Fire and Water" reached #2 on the Billboard R&B charts. Far Corporation covered "Fire and Water" on their first album, Division One, in 1985. XYZ covered the title song on their second album Hungry in 1991.
Mr. Big, who took their name from the Free song, covered it on their 1993 album Bump Ahead. Gov't Mule covered "Mr. Big" on their debut album Gov't Mule, released in 1995; the Answer recorded "Water" on their 2011 release Revival. Singer-songwriter and former Kiss guitarist Ace Frehley performed the title track on his covers album, titled Origins, Vol. 1, which he released in 2016. The track featured current Kiss frontman Paul Stanley. Black Stone Cherry's version of the title track appeared on the Classic Rock covermount CD Black Stone Cherry – Hits, Rarities & Live in 2014. "Paul Rodgers is hands-down the greatest rock'n' roll singer that's lived," enthu