Sermersooq
Sermersooq is a municipality in Greenland, formed on 1 January 2009 from five earlier, smaller municipalities. Its administrative seat is the city of Nuuk, the capital of Greenland, it is the most populous municipality in the country, with 21,868 inhabitants as of January 2013; the municipality consists of former municipalities of eastern and southwestern Greenland, each named after the largest settlement at the time of formation: Ammassalik Municipality Ittoqqortoormiit Municipality Ivittuut Municipality Nuuk Municipality Paamiut Municipality Ammassalik area Tasiilaq Kuummiit Kulusuk Tiniteqilaaq Sermiligaaq Isortoq Ittoqqortoormiit area Ittoqqortoormiit Ivittuut area Kangilinnguit Nuuk area Nuuk Kapisillit Qeqertarsuatsiaat Paamiut area Paamiut Arsuk The municipality is located in south-central and eastern Greenland, with an area of 531,900 km2. It is the second largest municipality in the world by area, after the former Qaasuitsup. In the south, it is flanked by the Kujalleq municipality, with the border running alongside Alanngorsuaq Fjord.
The waters flowing around the western coastline of the municipality are that of Labrador Sea, which to the north narrows down to form Davis Strait separating the island of Greenland from Baffin Island. In the northwest, the municipality is bordered by the Qeqqata municipality, further north by the Qeqertalik and Avannaata municipalities; the latter two borders however run north-south through the center of the Greenland ice sheet − and as such are free of traffic. In the north the municipality is bordered by the Northeast Greenland National Park. In the east, near the settlement of Ittoqqortoormiit, the municipal shores straddle the Kangertittivaq fjord, which empties into the cold Greenland Sea; the southeastern shores are bordered by the Anorituup Kangerlua fjord of the Irminger Sea in the North Atlantic Ocean. Sermersooq is one of two municipalities straddling the western and eastern sides of the island, but is the only municipality where settlements on both coasts are connected via scheduled flights from Nuuk Airport to Kulusuk Airport and Nerlerit Inaat Airport and reverse, operated year-round by Air Greenland.
There are local flights between Nuuk and Paamiut Airport on the west coast. Kalaallisut, the West Greenlandic dialect is spoken in the towns and settlements of the western coast. Danish is in use in the bigger towns. Tunumiit oraasiat, the East Greenlandic dialect, is spoken on the eastern coast. KANUKOKA
Renland
Renland is a peninsula in eastern Greenland. It is a part of the Sermersooq municipality. Despite its proximity to the coast Renland has an ice cap climate with bitterly cold winters and low maximum temperatures in the summer. Renland was named after the reindeer which were found in the area, but disappeared around the early 20th century. Renland is surrounded to the north by the Nordvestfjord of the Scoresby Sound, to the south by the 6 to 10 km wide Ofjord and to the southwest by the Rype Fjord. To the west the peninsula is attached to the mainland and to the northwest lies the Hinksland peninsula; the Bjorne Islands lie off its eastern shore and to the south across the Ofjord lie the islands of Milneland and Storo. Renland has its own ice cap on a high plateau in the middle of the peninsula and in the southern part there are glacial lakes separated by glacial tongues; this wide and desolate place is a popular destination for mountain climbing owing to its steep slopes, massive rocky crags and jagged peaks.
Constable Point is the closest airport. Liverpool Land Milne Land Scoresby Land Environment in the Scoresby Sund Fjord. Museum Tusculanum Press. ISBN 87-635-1208-4. TrailerGreenland Swiss Renland Expedition The Renland ice core. A Northern Hemisphere record of aerosol composition over 120,000 years
Disko Island
Disko Island is a large island in Baffin Bay, off the west coast of Greenland. It has an area of 8,578 km2, making it the second largest island of Greenland and one of the 100 largest islands in the world; the name Qeqertarsuaq means The Large Island. The island has a length of about 160 km, rising to an average height of 975 m; the port of Qeqertarsuaq lies on its southern coast. Blæsedalen valley is north of Qeqertarsuaq; the island is separated from Nuussuaq Peninsula in the northeast by the Sullorsuaq Strait. To the south of the island lies Disko Bay, an inlet bay of Baffin Island. Eric the Red paid the first recorded visit to Disko Island at some time between 982 and 985. Mineral deposits, fossil finds and geological formations add to interest in the area. One of the interesting geological features is the native iron found at the island. A 22-ton lump mixture of iron and iron carbide has been found. There are only a few places on earth where native iron is found, not of meteoric origin. There are numerous hot springs on the island.
The microscopic animal Limnognathia, the only known member of its phylum, was discovered in these springs. Several studies on the meiofauna show high marine interstitial diversity in Disko Island. For instance, the gastrotrich species Diuronotus aspetos is found in Iterdla and Kigdlugssaitsut and is so far reported only in Disko Island, it is associated with a rich diversity of other gastrotrichs like Chatonotus atrox, Halichaetonotus sp. Mesodasys sp. Paradasys sp. Tetranchyroderma sp. Thaumastoderma sp. and Turbanella sp
Rode Fjord
Rode Fjord is a fjord in King Christian X Land, eastern Greenland. The Rode Fjord is part of the Scoresby Sound complex in the area of Sermersooq municipality; the 5 km to 11 km. At its southern end the fjord is a northerly continuation of the Fonfjord. On the western shore, near the confluence, the Rolige Brae glacier flows into the fjord and a little further south the Vestfjord branches off to the west. There is a small island in the area named Rode Island. At the northern end the Rode Fjord is a southern offshoot of the Ofjord. From the confluence of the Ofjord, the Hare Fjord runs in a westerly direction and the Rype Fjord branches to the northwest while the wider Rode Fiord branches to the southwest off the western shore of Storo Island for about 50 km; this fjord separates the larger island of Milne Land from the mainland coast in the west. The Snesund is a shorter fjord branching off in a northeasterly direction about halfway through the Rode Fjord separating Storo and Sorte Island from Milne Land.
List of fjords of Greenland Media related to Rode Fjord at Wikimedia Commons Holocene glacimarine sedimentation, inner Scoresby Sund
Mirage
A mirage is a occurring optical phenomenon in which light rays bend to produce a displaced image of distant objects or the sky. The word comes to English via the French mirage, from the Latin mirari, meaning "to look at, to wonder at"; this is the same root as for "mirror" and "to admire". Mirages can be categorized as "inferior", "superior" and "Fata Morgana", one kind of superior mirage consisting of a series of unusually elaborate, vertically stacked images, which form one changing mirage. In contrast to a hallucination, a mirage is a real optical phenomenon that can be captured on camera, since light rays are refracted to form the false image at the observer's location. What the image appears to represent, however, is determined by the interpretive faculties of the human mind. For example, inferior images on land are easily mistaken for the reflections from a small body of watersurface. For exhausted travelers in the desert, an inferior mirage may appear to be a lake of water in the distance.
An inferior mirage is called "inferior". The real object in an inferior mirage is any distant object in that same direction; the mirage causes the observer to see a bright and bluish patch on the ground in the distance, called oasis mirage. Light rays coming from a particular distant object all travel through nearly the same air layers and all are bent over about the same amount. Therefore, rays coming from the top of the object will arrive lower than those from the bottom; the image is upside down, enhancing the illusion that the sky image seen in the distance is a water or oil puddle acting as a mirror. Inferior images are not stable. Hot air rises, cooler air descends, so the layers will mix, giving rise to turbulence; the image will be distorted accordingly. It may be vibrating. If there are several temperature layers, several mirages may mix causing double images. In any case, mirages are not larger than about half a degree high and from objects only a few kilometers away. Heat haze called heat shimmer, refers to the inferior mirage experienced when viewing objects through a layer of heated air.
When appearing on roads due to the hot asphalt, it is referred to as a highway mirage. Convection causes the temperature of the air to vary, the variation between the hot air at the surface of the road and the denser cool air above it creates a gradient in the refractive index of the air; this produces a blurred shimmering effect, which affects the ability to resolve objects, the effect being increased when the image is magnified through a telescope or telephoto lens. Light from the sky at a shallow angle to the road is refracted by the index gradient, making it appear as if the sky is reflected by the road's surface; the mind interprets this as a pool of water on the road, since water reflects the sky. The illusion fades. On tarmac roads it may look as if water, or oil, has been spilled; these kinds of inferior mirages are called "desert mirages" or "highway mirages". Both sand and tarmac can become hot when exposed to the sun being more than 10 °C hotter than the air one meter above, enough to create conditions suitable for the formation of the mirage.
Heat haze is not related to the atmospheric phenomenon of haze. A superior mirage occurs; this unusual arrangement is called a temperature inversion, since warm air above cold air is the opposite of the normal temperature gradient of the atmosphere. Passing through the temperature inversion, the light rays are bent down, so the image appears above the true object, hence the name superior. Superior mirages are in general less common than inferior mirages, when they do occur, they tend to be more stable, as cold air has no tendency to move up and warm air has no tendency to move down. Superior mirages are quite common in polar regions over large sheets of ice that have a uniform low temperature. Superior mirages occur at more moderate latitudes, although in those cases they are weaker and tend to be less smooth and stable. For example, a distant shoreline may appear to tower and look higher than it is; because of the turbulence, there appear to be dancing towers. This type of mirage is called the Fata Morgana or hafgerdingar in the Icelandic language.
A superior mirage can be right-side up or upside down, depending on the distance of the true object and the temperature gradient. The image appears as a distorted mixture of up and down parts. Superior mirages can have a striking effect due to the Earth's curvature. Were the Earth flat, light rays that bend down would soon hit the ground and only nearby objects would be affected. Since Earth is round, if their downward bending curve is about the same as the curvature of the Earth, light rays can travel large distances from beyond the horizon; this was observed and documented for the first time in 1596, when a ship under the command of Willem Barentsz in search of the Northeast passage became stuck in the ice at Novaya Zemlya. The crew was forced to endure the polar winter there, they saw their midwinter night come to an end with the rise of a distorted Sun about two weeks earlier than expected. It was not until the 20th century that science could explain the reason: the real Sun had still been below the horizon, but its light rays followed the curvat
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, sometimes referred to as Britain, is a sovereign country located off the north-western coast of the European mainland. The United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain, the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign state, the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to the east, the English Channel to the south and the Celtic Sea to the south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world; the Irish Sea lies between Great Ireland. With an area of 242,500 square kilometres, the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world, it is the 22nd-most populous country, with an estimated 66.0 million inhabitants in 2017. The UK is constitutional monarchy; the current monarch is Queen Elizabeth II, who has reigned since 1952, making her the longest-serving current head of state.
The United Kingdom's capital and largest city is London, a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million. Other major urban areas in the UK include Greater Manchester, the West Midlands and West Yorkshire conurbations, Greater Glasgow and the Liverpool Built-up Area; the United Kingdom consists of four constituent countries: England, Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London, Edinburgh and Belfast, respectively. Apart from England, the countries have their own devolved governments, each with varying powers, but such power is delegated by the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which may enact laws unilaterally altering or abolishing devolution; the nearby Isle of Man, Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the UK, being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation. The medieval conquest and subsequent annexation of Wales by the Kingdom of England, followed by the union between England and Scotland in 1707 to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, the union in 1801 of Great Britain with the Kingdom of Ireland created the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922, leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. There are fourteen British Overseas Territories, the remnants of the British Empire which, at its height in the 1920s, encompassed a quarter of the world's land mass and was the largest empire in history. British influence can be observed in the language and political systems of many of its former colonies; the United Kingdom is a developed country and has the world's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest economy by purchasing power parity. It has a high-income economy and has a high Human Development Index rating, ranking 14th in the world, it was the world's first industrialised country and the world's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries. The UK remains a great power, with considerable economic, military and political influence internationally, it is sixth in military expenditure in the world. It has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946.
It has been a leading member state of the European Union and its predecessor, the European Economic Community, since 1973. The United Kingdom is a member of the Commonwealth of Nations, the Council of Europe, the G7, the G20, NATO, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the World Trade Organization; the 1707 Acts of Union declared that the kingdoms of England and Scotland were "United into One Kingdom by the Name of Great Britain". The term "United Kingdom" has been used as a description for the former kingdom of Great Britain, although its official name from 1707 to 1800 was "Great Britain"; the Acts of Union 1800 united the kingdom of Great Britain and the kingdom of Ireland in 1801, forming the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Following the partition of Ireland and the independence of the Irish Free State in 1922, which left Northern Ireland as the only part of the island of Ireland within the United Kingdom, the name was changed to the "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland".
Although the United Kingdom is a sovereign country, Scotland and Northern Ireland are widely referred to as countries. The UK Prime Minister's website has used the phrase "countries within a country" to describe the United Kingdom; some statistical summaries, such as those for the twelve NUTS 1 regions of the United Kingdom refer to Scotland and Northern Ireland as "regions". Northern Ireland is referred to as a "province". With regard to Northern Ireland, the descriptive name used "can be controversial, with the choice revealing one's political preferences"; the term "Great Britain" conventionally refers to the island of Great Britain, or politically to England and Wales in combination. However, it is sometimes used as a loose synonym for the United Kingdom as a whole; the term "Britain" is used both as a synonym for Great Britain, as a synonym for the United Kingdom. Usage is mixed, with the BBC preferring to use Britain as shorthand only for Great Britain and the UK Government, while accepting that both terms refer to the United K
Jameson Land
Jameson Land is a peninsula in eastern Greenland. Jameson Land is bounded to the southwest by Scoresby Sound, to the northwest by the Stauning Alps, to the north by Scoresby Land, to the northeast by the Fleming Fjord and the Nathorst Fjord of the Greenland Sea, to the east by Carlsberg Fjord, the smaller Liverpool Land peninsula branching off, Hurry Inlet; the Mestersvig military base is located in the northern part of the peninsula. Jameson Land consists of a tilted peneplain of jurassic sandstone, highest in the east. In the northern end there are rocks of triassic origin.. Two formations are predominant in Jameson Land: the Triassic Fleming Fjord Formation and the Jurassic Kap Stewart Formation. Jameson land triassic fossils of Flamming Fjord Formation include: dipnoi Ceratodus and theropod dinosaurs bones and tracks, sauropod tracks, phytosaurs and sharks. Eudimorphodon Fleming Fjord Formation
