Monarchy of Ireland
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Monarchical systems of government have existed in Ireland from ancient times. This continued in all of Ireland until 1949, when the Republic of Ireland Act removed most of Ireland's residual ties to t
Seal of Henry III, with text Dominus Hybernie, "Lord of Ireland."
Ruaidrí Ua Conchobair
Grave marker of Edward Bruce who claimed the title of High King between 1315 and 1318; he is described as "King of Ireland."
Henry VIII claimed the title "King of Ireland" in 1542.
Kingdom of England
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The Kingdom of England was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from 927, when all of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were united under the rule of Æthelstan, until 1 May 1707, when it relinquish
The dominions of Cnut (1014–1035)
Fifteenth-century miniature depicting the English victory over France at the Battle of Agincourt
Portrait of Elizabeth I made to commemorate the defeat of the Spanish Armada (1588), depicted in the background. Elizabeth's international power is symbolised by the hand resting on the globe.
Cromwell at Dunbar. Oliver Cromwell united the whole of the British Isles by force and created the Commonwealth of England.