1.
Jodie Foster
–
Alicia Christian Jodie Foster is an American actress and filmmaker who has worked in films and on television. She has often cited as one of the best actresses of her generation. Foster began her career at the age of three as a model in 1965, and two years later moved to acting in television series, with the sitcom Mayberry R. F. D. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, she worked in several television series. Fosters breakthrough came in Martin Scorseses Taxi Driver, in which she played a teenage prostitute, the role garnered her a nomination for an Academy Award. She won her second Academy Award three years later for her role in the sleeper hit The Silence of the Lambs, where she played Clarice Starling, an FBI trainee investigating a serial murder case. Foster made her debut as a director the same year with the moderately successful Little Man Tate. The companys first production was Nell, in which she played the title role. Her other films in the 1990s included period drama Sommersby, Western comedy Maverick, science fiction film Contact, and period drama Anna and her second film direction, Home for the Holidays, was not well-received commercially, while critical reviews were mixed. She has focused on directing in the 2010s, directing the films The Beaver and Money Monster, as well as episodes for Netflix television series Orange is the New Black and she also starred in the film Elysium. In addition to her two Academy Awards, Foster has won three BAFTA Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, a Screen Actors Guild Award and the Cecil B DeMille Award. Foster was born on November 19,1962 in Los Angeles, as the youngest child of Evelyn Ella Brandy and her father came from a wealthy Chicago family, whose forebears included John Alden, who had arrived in North America on the Mayflower in 1620. He was a Yale University graduate and a decorated U. S. Air Force lieutenant colonel and he had already been married once and had three sons from the union before marrying Brandy in Las Vegas in 1953. Brandy Foster was of German heritage and grew up in Rockford, Foster also has Irish roots, with ancestry that can be traced back to County Cork. Before Fosters birth, she and Lucius had three children, daughters Lucinda Cindy Foster and Constance Connie Foster, and son Lucius Fisher Buddy Foster. Their marriage ended before Foster was born, and she never established a relationship with her father, following the divorce, Brandy raised the children with her partner in Los Angeles. She worked as a publicist for film producer Arthur P. Jacobs, until focusing on managing the careers of Buddy. Although Foster was officially named Alicia, her siblings began calling her Jodie, Foster was a gifted child, and learned to read at the age of three
Jodie Foster
–
Foster at the 2011
César Awards ceremony
Jodie Foster
–
The main campus of the
Lycée Français de Los Angeles, which Foster attended.
Jodie Foster
–
Foster with
Christopher Connelly in a publicity photo for
Paper Moon (1974), in which she had one of the first starring roles of her career
Jodie Foster
–
Foster at the Governor's Ball after winning an
Academy Award for
The Accused (1988). Her performance as a rape survivor marked her breakthrough into adult roles.
2.
George Clooney
–
George Timothy Clooney is an American actor, filmmaker, and activist. He has received three Golden Globe Awards for his work as an actor and two Academy Awards, one for acting in Syriana and the other for co-producing Argo, in 1999, he took the lead role in Three Kings, a well-received war satire set during the Gulf War. In 2001, Clooneys fame widened with the release of his biggest commercial success, the heist comedy remake Oceans Eleven, in 2013, he received the Academy Award for Best Picture for producing the political thriller Argo. He is the person who has been nominated for Academy Awards in six different categories. In 2009, Clooney was included in Times annual Time 100 as one of the Most Influential People in the World and he is also noted for his political activism, and has served as one of the United Nations Messengers of Peace since January 31,2008. He is also a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, Clooney was born in Lexington, Kentucky. His mother, Nina Bruce, was a beauty queen and city councilwoman and his father, Nick Clooney, is a former anchorman and game show host who hosted AMC for five years in the late 1990s. Clooney has Irish, German, and English ancestry and his maternal great-great-great-great-grandmother, Mary Ann Sparrow, was the half-sister of Nancy Lincoln, mother of President Abraham Lincoln. Clooney has a sister named Adelia. His aunt was the cabaret singer and actress Rosemary Clooney. Through Rosemary, his cousins include actors Miguel Ferrer, Rafael Ferrer, and Gabriel Ferrer, Clooney was raised a strict Roman Catholic, but said in 2006 that he does not know if he believes in Heaven, or even God. He has said, Yes, we were Catholic, big time, whole family and he began his education at the Blessed Sacrament School in Fort Mitchell, Kentucky. He attended St. Michaels School in Columbus, Ohio, then Western Row Elementary School in Mason, Ohio, from 1968 to 1974, and St. Susanna School in Mason, the Clooneys moved back to Kentucky when George was midway through the seventh grade. In middle school, Clooney developed Bells palsy, a condition that partially paralyzes the face, the malady went away within a year. In an interview with Larry King, he stated that yes and it takes about nine months to go away. It was the first year of school, which was a bad time for having half your face paralyzed. After his parents moved to Augusta, Kentucky, Clooney attended Augusta High School and he has stated that he earned all As and a B in school, and was an enthusiastic baseball and basketball player. He tried out to professional baseball with the Cincinnati Reds in 1977
George Clooney
–
Clooney at a ceremony for
John Wells in January 2012
George Clooney
–
George Clooney cast his hands and shoes in the
Grauman's Chinese Theatre in 2007.
George Clooney
–
George Clooney at the premiere of
The Men Who Stare at Goats in the
2009 Toronto International Film Festival
George Clooney
–
Clooney in
Abéché, Chad, in January 2008 with the UN
3.
Grant Heslov
–
As a co-producer of Argo, he received the Academy Award for Best Picture in 2013. As an actor, he has appeared in films including True Lies, Black Sheep, Enemy of the State and The Scorpion King, Heslov was born in Los Angeles, and was raised in its Palos Verdes area. His father, Arthur, was a dentist and his mother, Kerrie and he has two older brothers, Steven and Michael. In He attended Palos Verdes High School, the University of Southern California along with friend Tate Donovan and he is a member of Phi Kappa Psi. Heslov is married to Lysa Hayland-Heslov, a producer, heslovs acting credits include films like True Lies, Dantes Peak, Enemy of the State, The Scorpion King, Good Night and Good Luck, Congo, Black Sheep, and Catch Me If You Can. He also appeared in such TV series as Happy Days, Family Ties, Mamas Family, L. A. Law, Matlock, Sleeper Cell, in August 2006, Heslov and George Clooney started Smokehouse Pictures and began writing screenplays for production. He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and as producer Best Film for Good Night, Heslov also appears in the film as Don Hewitt, the director of the TV series See It Now, around which the movie is centered. He directed an adaptation of The Men Who Stare At Goats, starring Clooney, Ewan McGregor, Jeff Bridges. He also worked on 2011s The Ides of March, in June 2012, he was invited to join the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. Heslov, alongside Clooney and Ben Affleck, won for the Best Picture Oscar for the 2012 film Argo, the three men have also won the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama, the BAFTA Award for Best Film, and other awards. Grant Heslov at the Internet Movie Database Grant Heslov at AllMovie
Grant Heslov
–
Heslov at the 2009 Toronto International Film festival for the premier of The Men Who Stare at Goats
4.
Julia Roberts
–
Julia Fiona Roberts is an American actress and producer. She became a Hollywood star after headlining the romantic comedy Pretty Woman and she received the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Movie nomination for her performance in the HBO television film The Normal Heart. Roberts was the actress in the world throughout most of the 1990s. Her fee for 1990s Pretty Woman was US$300,000, in 2003, as of 2007 Robertss net worth was estimated to be US$140 million. She has been named one of People magazines 50 Most Beautiful People in the World eleven times, Roberts was born on October 28,1967, in Smyrna, Georgia, to Betty Lou Bredemus and Walter Grady Roberts. She is of English, Scottish, Irish, Welsh, German and her father was a Baptist, her mother a Roman Catholic, and she was raised Catholic. Her older brother, Eric Roberts, from whom she was estranged until 2004, sister Lisa Roberts Gillan, Robertss parents, one-time actors and playwrights, met while performing theatrical productions for the armed forces. They later co-founded the Atlanta Actors and Writers Workshop in Atlanta and they ran a childrens acting school in Decatur, Georgia, while they were expecting Julia. The children of Martin Luther King, Jr. and Coretta Scott King attended the school, as a thank-you for his service, Mrs. King paid Mrs. Robertss hospital bill when Julia was born. Robertss mother filed for divorce in 1971, the divorce was finalized in early 1972, from 1972, Roberts lived in Smyrna, Georgia, where she attended Fitzhugh Lee Elementary School, Griffin Middle School, and Campbell High School. In 1972, her mother married Michael Motes, who was abusive and often unemployed, the couple had a daughter, Nancy Motes, who died at 37 on February 9,2014, of an apparent drug overdose. The marriage ended in 1983, with Betty Lou divorcing Motes on cruelty grounds, Robertss own father died of cancer when she was ten. Roberts wanted to be a veterinarian as a child and she also played the clarinet in her school band. After graduating from Smyrnas Campbell High School, she attended Georgia State University and she later headed to New York City to pursue a career in acting. Once there, she signed with the Click Modeling Agency and enrolled in acting classes, Roberts made her first big screen appearance in the film Satisfaction, alongside Liam Neeson and Justine Bateman, as a band member looking for a summer gig. She had previously performed a role opposite her brother, Eric, in Blood Red, filmed in 1987. Her first television appearance was as a rape victim in the initial season of the series Crime Story with Dennis Farina, in the episode titled The Survivor. Her first critical success with moviegoers was her performance in the independent film Mystic Pizza in 1988, that same year, she had a role in the fourth-season finale of Miami Vice
Julia Roberts
–
Roberts at the 2011
Tribeca Film Festival premiere of Jesus Henry Christ
Julia Roberts
–
Roberts at the
Deauville American Film Festival in Normandy, France, September 1990.
Julia Roberts
–
Brad Pitt,
George Clooney,
Matt Damon,
Andy García, and Roberts with
Ocean's Eleven director,
Steven Soderbergh in December 2001.
Julia Roberts
–
Deployed troops show Julia Roberts the controls of an
F-15.
5.
Dominic West
–
Dominic Gerard Francis Eagleton West is an English actor, musician, and director. He stars as Noah Solloway on the Showtime drama series, The Affair, West was born and brought up in Sheffield, the sixth of seven siblings in a Roman Catholic family, largely of Irish descent. His mother, Pauline Mary Moya, was an actress, and his father, Thomas George Eagleton West, West attended Eton College and Trinity College, Dublin. He graduated from the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in 1995, wests screen appearances include True Blue, Chicago, Richard III, and Mona Lisa Smile. His most notable role has been as the American police detective Jimmy McNulty on the HBO television police drama The Wire. West was praised for the accuracy of his characters American accent, during his stint on The Wire, West directed the season 5 episode Took. West starred as Lysander in the 1999 film version of William Shakespeares A Midsummer Nights Dream, in feature films, he portrayed the heavy metal guitarist Kirk Cuddy in the 2001 film Rock Star. In 2006 West made a guest appearance as an actor in a sketch in The Catherine Tate Show, in 2007, he played the Spartan politician Theron in 300 and Detective Poppil in Hannibal Rising. West played the supervillain, Jigsaw, in the 2008 film Marvels Punisher, in 2010 he had a role as General Virilus in Neil Marshalls adventure thriller Centurion. West starred in the UK ghost film, The Awakening, West has done other work on TV and radio. He appeared in the role of Oliver Cromwell in the Channel 4 series The Devils Whore and he also performed as Dr. West, the opening track on Eminems 2009 album Relapse, as a doctor discharging Eminem from a rehab facility. West played the part over the phone in January 2009 while Eminem was recording it in a Miami studio, in 2011, West appeared as a news presenter on the BBC-TV period drama series The Hour. In 2012, West was offered the role of Mance Rayder in the HBO fantasy series Game of Thrones and he played gay activist Jonathan Blake in the 2014 film Pride about the 1984-1985 miners strike in the UK. West stars as Noah Solloway on Showtimes series The Affair, which premiered October 2014, the series was renewed for a third season in 2015. As a theatre actor, West has played Edward in Harley Granville Barkers The Voysey Inheritance directed by Peter Gill at the Royal National Theatre in 2006. He took the role in Simon Grays classic comedy, Butley. In the September he returned to his native Sheffield to play Iago to his former Wire co-star Clarke Peterss Othello at the Crucible Theatre, from mid December 2012 to January 2013, West starred as Henry Higgins in My Fair Lady at the Crucible Theatre in Sheffield. In 2015-16 he starred alongside Janet McTeer in Les Liaisons Dangereuses at the Donmar Warehouse in London, in 2009, West starred in a series of online films known as The Carte Noire Readers
Dominic West
–
Dominic West
Dominic West
6.
Caitriona Balfe
–
Caitriona Balfe is an Irish actress and model. In 1999, while studying Theatre at the DIT Conservatory of Music and Drama, Balfe was offered work as a fashion model in Paris. Balfe has also appeared in the films Super 8, Now You See Me, Escape Plan and Money Monster, Balfe started modeling after she was scouted by an agent while she was collecting money for charity at a local mall. At nineteen, after working as a model in Dublin for a few months, she caught the attention of a visiting Ford Models scout, in a period of three years, she walked in over 250 runway shows. Often credited professionally as simply Caitriona, at the height of her career she was considered to be in the Top 20 of most in-demand models in the world, due to models being considered freelancers under Italian law, her lawyer discouraged her from filing a lawsuit. Against her agency’s advice, Balfe decided to stop working for BCBG until she was returned all the money she was owed, incidents like the aforementioned led to the creation of The Model Alliance. Reflecting on her career, Balfe commented, Modeling wasnt a passion of mine so that made it get old kind of quickly, while living in New York, Balfe played the minor role of an employee of the magazine Runway in the 2006 film The Devil Wears Prada. Balfe has appeared in the films Super 8, as the mother, Now You See Me, as Michael Caines characters wife. In 2012 she portrayed Alex #34 in The Beauty Inside, a social film divided into six episodes that narrates the story of a man named Alex who wakes up in a different body every day. In 2013 she starred in the videos for First Fires by British musician Bonobo, and for Chloroform by French band Phoenix. Balfe was part of the main cast of the Warner Bros and she plays a mid-20th-century nurse who is transported back in time to the war-torn mid-18th-century Scottish Highlands. Tim Goodman of The Hollywood Reporter wrote that Balfe is reason enough to watch, james Poniewozik of Time labelled Balfes portrayal as wry, infectiously engaging. Angelica Jade Bastién of The New York Times called Balfe one of the most stunning actresses on television. In December 2014 Entertainment Weekly named Balfe one of its 12 Breakout Stars of 2014 and she won Saturn Awards for Best Actress on Television in 2015 and 2016. Balfe also received two nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Television Series Drama for her role in Outlander, Balfe co-starred in the film Money Monster, directed by Jodie Foster and starring George Clooney and Julia Roberts. She played the head of PR of a company whose stock bottoms out, causing a man to all of his savings. Balfe was born in Dublin, Ireland, and grew up in the village of Tydavnet, near Monaghan, in a family of seven, in addition to English, she is a Gaeilgeoir and is conversational in French. She is a patron of the organisation World Child Cancer, Caitriona Balfe at the Internet Movie Database Outlander Interview
Caitriona Balfe
–
Balfe at the
Outlander premiere in New York
Caitriona Balfe
–
Promotional poster for H+: The Digital Series
Caitriona Balfe
–
Caitriona Balfe as Claire Beauchamp in Outlander
7.
Giancarlo Esposito
–
Giancarlo Giuseppe Alessandro Esposito is an American actor. He is well known for his roles in Spike Lee films such as Do the Right Thing, School Daze, other notable films include Fresh, Harley Davidson and the Marlboro Man, The Usual Suspects and King of New York. He has portrayed Sidney Glass / Magic Mirror on ABCs Once Upon a Time, Giancarlo Giuseppe Alessandro Esposito was born in Copenhagen, the son of Giovanni Esposito and Elizabeth Foster. His mother was an African-American opera and nightclub singer from Alabama, Esposito was raised in Europe until the age of six, when his family settled in Manhattan, New York. He attended Elizabeth Seton College in New York and received a degree in radio. Esposito made his Broadway debut at age eight playing a slave child opposite Shirley Jones in the short-lived musical Maggie Flynn, during the 1980s, Esposito appeared in films such as Maximum Overdrive, King of New York, and Trading Places. He also performed in TV shows such as Miami Vice and Spenser and he played J. C. Pierce, a cadet in the 1981 movie Taps. In 1988, he landed his role as the leader of the black fraternity Gamma Phi Gamma in director Spike Lees film School Daze. Over the next four years, Esposito and Lee collaborated on three movies, Do the Right Thing, Mo Better Blues, and Malcolm X. During the 1990s Esposito appeared in the indie films Night on Earth, Fresh and Smoke. He also appeared in the mainstream film Reckless with Mia Farrow, Esposito is known for his portrayal of FBI agent Mike Giardello on the TV crime drama Homicide, Life on the Street. That role drew from both his African-American and Italian ancestry and he played this character during the shows seventh and final season. Mikes estranged father, shift lieutenant Al Giardello, is portrayed as subject to racism, another multiracial role was as Sergeant Paul Gigante in the television comedy series, Bakersfield P. D. In 1997, Esposito played the roles of Darryl in Trouble on the Corner. Other TV credits include NYPD Blue, Law & Order, The Practice, New York Undercover, Esposito has portrayed drug dealers, policemen, political radicals, and a demonic version of the Greek God of Sleep Hypnos from another dimension. In 2001, he played Cassius Marcellus Clay, Sr. in Ali, in 2006, Esposito starred in Last Holiday as Senator Dillings, alongside Queen Latifah and Timothy Hutton. Also in 2006, he played a detective named Esposito in the 2005 film. Esposito played Robert Fuentes, a Miami businessman with shady connections and he has appeared in New Amsterdam and CSI, Miami
Giancarlo Esposito
–
Esposito at the 2013
Monte-Carlo Television Festival
Giancarlo Esposito
–
Giancarlo Esposito at the 2015
San Diego Comic-Con International.
8.
Matthew Libatique
–
Matthew Libatique is an American cinematographer who is best known for his work with director Darren Aronofsky on the films π, Requiem for a Dream, The Fountain, and Black Swan. Libatique, a Filipino-American, was born in Elmhurst, Queens and he studied sociology and communications at California State University Fullerton before earning a MFA in cinematography at AFI Conservatory. Libatique served as director of photography for music videos and teamed with fellow AFI alumnus Aronofsky for the short film Protozoa, the two collaborated on the first three of Aronofskys feature films. Other frequent collaborators are Julie Dash, Spike Lee, Joel Schumacher, libatiques notable films include blockbusters such as Iron Man, Iron Man 2, and Requiem for a Dream. In 2010, he was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Cinematography for his work on Black Swan and he has also won best cinematography awards at the LA Film Critics Association, NY Film Critics Online, SF Film Critics, among many others. Matthew Libatique at the Internet Movie Database Internet Encyclopedia of Cinematographers Matthew Libatique Fan Page Matthew Libatique on Kodak. com
Matthew Libatique
–
Libatique in 2011
9.
TriStar Pictures
–
TriStar Pictures is an American film production/distribution studio of the Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group, owned by the Sony subsidiary Sony Pictures Entertainment. On May 16,1983, it was given the name Tri-Star Pictures and it was the first new major Hollywood studio to be established since RKO Pictures was founded in 1928. The studios first produced film in 1984 was The Natural starring Robert Redford, during this venture, many of Tri-Stars releases were released on VHS by either RCA/Columbia Pictures Home Video, CBS/Fox Video, or HBO Video. In addition, HBO would gain exclusive distribution rights to these films. CBS dropped out of the venture in 1985, though still distributed some of TriStars films on home video until at least 1992. In 1986, HBO dropped out of the Tri-Star venture as well, the same year, Tri-Star entered into the television business as Tri-Star Television. It was formed when the studio joined forces with Stephen J. Cannell Productions and Witt/Thomas/Harris Productions, both studios continued to produce and distribute films under their separate names. On April 13,1988, CPE spun off Tri-Star Pictures, in 1989, all of Cokes entertainment holdings were acquired by Sony Corporation of Japan, who merged Columbia and Tri-Star, but continued to use the separate labels. On July 11,1990, Tri-Star Pictures dissolved and sold its venture in TeleVentures to Stephen J. Cannell Productions, most of the series and the Tri-Star film packages that were distributed by TeleVentures were transferred to Columbia Pictures Television Distribution. The Tri-Star film packages were transferred to Columbia Pictures Television Distribution, both studios continued to operate separately until TriStar folded in 1999 and CPT in 2001. In addition to its own slate, TriStar was the distributor for many films produced by Carolco Pictures. TriStar also theatrically distributed some FilmDistrict movies, TriStar was relaunched on May 13,2004 as a marketing and acquisitions unit that had a particular emphasis on genre films. Screen Gems executive vice president Valerie Van Galder was tapped to run the studio after being dormant. However, the release of its 2013 film Elysium represents the labels first big-budget release since The Mask of Zorro in 1998, the same year, former 20th Century Fox co-chairman Tom Rothman joined Sony Pictures and created TriStar Productions as a joint venture with existing Sony Pictures executives. The new TriStar will develop, finance and produce up to four films per year, as well as programming and acquisitions. Sonys TriStar Pictures unit will be retained for other product, including titles from Sony Pictures Worldwide Acquisitions, TriStars logo of Pegasus, introduced in 1984, has become something of a cultural icon. The idea came about because of executive Victor Kaufman and his familys interest in riding horses, the original logo was created with the assistance of Sydney Pollack, who was an adviser at Tri-Star. The horse in that logo was the one used in Pollacks film The Electric Horseman
TriStar Pictures
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The current TriStar logo.
TriStar Pictures
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TriStar Pictures logo used until 1993.
TriStar Pictures
–
The TriStar logo used until 2015.
TriStar Pictures
–
Primary businesses
10.
Thriller film
–
Thriller film, also known as suspense film or suspense thriller, is a film genre that falls under the general thriller genre. The thriller films key characteristics are excitement and suspense, the suspense element, found in most films plots, is particularly exploited by the filmmaker in this genre. Tension is created by delaying what the audience sees as inevitable, a strict definition of the thriller film is that the films overarching goal is to build tension in audiences as the film approaches its climax. Tension is built through situations that are menacing or where escape seems impossible, Life is typically threatened in thriller film, such as when the protagonist does not realize entering a dangerous situation. Thriller films characters conflict with other or with an outside force. Thriller films are typically hybridized with other genres, there exist adventure thrillers, science fiction thrillers, Western thrillers, Thriller films also share a close relationship with horror films, both eliciting tension. In plots about crime, thriller films focus less on the criminal or the detective, common themes include terrorism, political conspiracy, pursuit, or romantic triangles leading to murder. Alfred Hitchcocks first thriller was his silent film, The Lodger. His next thriller was Blackmail, his and Britains first sound film and his notable thrillers in the 1930s include The Man Who Knew Too Much and The 39 Steps. 326 —this film would be an inspiration for the future James Bond films, the German film M, directed by Fritz Lang, starred Peter Lorre as a criminal deviant who preys on children. Hitchcock continued his suspense-thrillers, directing Foreign Correspondent, the Oscar-winning Rebecca, Suspicion, Saboteur and Shadow of a Doubt, notable non-Hitchcock films of the 1940s include The Spiral Staircase and Sorry, Wrong Number. In the 1950s, Hitchcock added technicolor to his thrillers, now with exotic locales and he reached the zenith of his career with a succession of classic films such as, Strangers on a Train, Dial M For Murder with Ray Milland, Rear Window and Vertigo. Non-Hitchcock thrillers of the 1950s include The Night of the Hunter —Charles Laughtons only film as director—and Orson Welless crime thriller Touch of Evil, director Michael Powells Peeping Tom featured Carl Boehm as a psychopathic cameraman. After Hitchcocks classic films of the 1950s, he produced Psycho about a lonely, mother-fixated motel owner, J. Lee Thompsons Cape Fear, with Robert Mitchum, had a menacing ex-con seeking revenge. A famous thriller at the time of its release was Wait Until Dark by director Terence Young, john Boormans Deliverance followed the perilous fate of four Southern businessmen during a weekends trip. In Francis Ford Coppolas The Conversation, a bugging-device expert systematically uncovered a covert murder while he himself was being spied upon, Peter Hyams science fiction thriller Capricorn One proposed a government conspiracy to fake the first mission to Mars. His notable films include Sisters, Obsession, which was inspired by Vertigo, Dressed to Kill. Other films include Curtis Hansons The Hand That Rocks the Cradle and Unlawful Entry, detectives/FBI agents hunting down a serial killer was another popular motif in the 90s
Thriller film
–
A common theme in thrillers involves innocent victims dealing with deranged adversaries, as seen in Hitchcock's film
Rebecca (1940), where Mrs. Danvers tries to persuade Mrs. De Winter to leap to her death.
Thriller film
–
A common occurrence in thrillers is characters being taken as
hostages and with a
ransom in need. (Hostages, 1896 painting by
Jean-Paul Laurens, Musée des Beaux-Arts, Lyon)
Thriller film
–
Little Red Riding Hood is an early example of a psychotic stalker story, a common convention in the thriller genre (art by
Gustave Doré).
Thriller film
–
Rear Window is considered to be one of Hitchcock's best and one of the
greatest movies ever made. The film received four
Academy Award nominations.
11.
Commerce
–
Commerce is the activity of buying and selling of goods and services, especially on a large scale. The system includes legal, economic, political, social, cultural and technological systems that are in operation in any country or internationally, commerce is derived from the Latin commercium, from cum, together, and merx, merchandise. Some commentators trace the origins of commerce to the start of transaction in prehistoric times. Apart from traditional self-sufficiency, trading became a facility of prehistoric people. Historian Peter Watson and Ramesh Manickam dates the history of commerce from circa 150,000 years ago. In historic times, the introduction of currency as a money, facilitated a wider exchange of goods. Numismatists have collections of these tokens, which include coins from some Ancient World large-scale societies. For example, if a man who makes pots for a living needs a new house, he/she may wish to hire someone to build it for him/her. But he/she cannot make an equivalent number of pots to equal this service done for him/her, because if the builder could build the house. During the Middle Ages, commerce developed in Europe by trading luxury goods at trade fairs, wealth became converted into movable wealth or capital. Banking systems developed where money on account was transferred across national boundaries, hand to hand markets became a feature of town life, and were regulated by town authorities. Today commerce includes as a subset a complex system of companies which try to maximize their profits by offering products and services to the market at the lowest production cost
Commerce
–
The
caduceus has been used today as the symbol of commerce with which
Mercury has traditionally been associated.
12.
Wall Street
–
Wall Street is an eight-block-long street running roughly northwest to southeast from Broadway to South Street, at the East River, in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. Over time, the term has become a metonym for the markets of the United States as a whole. Several other major exchanges have or had headquarters in the Wall Street area, including the New York Mercantile Exchange, the New York Board of Trade, there are varying accounts about how the Dutch-named de Walstraat got its name. A conflicting explanation is that Wall Street was named after Walloons— the Dutch name for a Walloon is Waal, among the first settlers that embarked on the ship Nieu Nederlandt in 1624 were 30 Walloon families. The Dutch word wal can be translated as rampart, however, even some English maps show the name as Waal Straat, and not as Wal Straat. But soon after that, the Dutch governor, Kieft, sent his men out there one night, few of them escaped, but they spread the story of what had been done, and this did much to antagonize all the remaining tribes against all the white settlers. Shortly after, Nieuw Amsterdam erected a palisade for defense against its now enraged red neighbors. The space between the walls is now called Wall Street, and its spirit is still that of a bulwark against the people. In the 1640s basic picket and plank fences denoted plots and residences in the colony, in 1685, surveyors laid out Wall Street along the lines of the original stockade. In these early days, local merchants and traders would gather at disparate spots to buy and sell shares and bonds, Wall Street was also the marketplace where owners could hire out their slaves by the day or week. The rampart was removed in 1699, the slave market operated from 1711 to 1762 at the corner of Wall and Pearl Streets. It was a structure with a roof and open sides, although walls may have been added over the years. The city directly benefited from the sale of slaves by implementing taxes on every person who was bought, in the late 18th century there was a buttonwood tree at the foot of Wall Street under which traders and speculators would gather to trade securities. The benefit was being in proximity to each other, in 1792, traders formalized their association with the Buttonwood Agreement which was the origin of the New York Stock Exchange. The idea of the agreement was to make the more structured and without the manipulative auctions. Persons signing the agreement agreed to each other a standard commission rate, persons not signing could still participate. In 1789 Wall Street was the scene of the United States first presidential inauguration when George Washington took the oath of office on the balcony of Federal Hall on April 30,1789 and this was also the location of the passing of the Bill Of Rights. Alexander Hamilton, who was the first Treasury secretary and architect of the early United States financial system, is buried in the cemetery of Trinity Church, in the first few decades, both residences and businesses occupied the area, but increasingly business predominated
Wall Street
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Street sign
Wall Street
–
The
New York Stock Exchange on Wall Street, the world's largest
stock exchange per total
market capitalization of its listed companies.
Wall Street
–
The original city map called the
Castello Plan from 1660, showing the wall on the right side
Wall Street
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Depiction of the wall of New Amsterdam on a tile in the
Wall Street subway station, serving the
4 5 trains
13.
Principal photography
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Principal photography is the phase of film production in which the movie is filmed, with actors on set and cameras rolling, as distinct from pre-production and post-production. Its start generally marks a point of no return for the financiers, feature films usually have insurance in place by the time principal photography begins. The death of a star before completing all planned takes. For example, sets are notoriously flammable, and most older studios feature water towers for that reason, furthermore, professional-quality movie cameras are normally rented as needed, and most camera houses will not allow rentals of their equipment without proof of insurance. Once a film concludes principal photography, it is said to have wrapped, in these circumstances, additional material may have to be shot. If the material has already been shot once, or is substantial, the process is referred to as a re-shoot, learning materials related to Filmmaking at Wikiversity Media related to Filmmaking at Wikimedia Commons
Principal photography
–
Film production on location in
Newark, New Jersey.
14.
New York City
–
The City of New York, often called New York City or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States. With an estimated 2015 population of 8,550,405 distributed over an area of about 302.6 square miles. Located at the tip of the state of New York. Home to the headquarters of the United Nations, New York is an important center for international diplomacy and has described as the cultural and financial capital of the world. Situated on one of the worlds largest natural harbors, New York City consists of five boroughs, the five boroughs – Brooklyn, Queens, Manhattan, The Bronx, and Staten Island – were consolidated into a single city in 1898. In 2013, the MSA produced a gross metropolitan product of nearly US$1.39 trillion, in 2012, the CSA generated a GMP of over US$1.55 trillion. NYCs MSA and CSA GDP are higher than all but 11 and 12 countries, New York City traces its origin to its 1624 founding in Lower Manhattan as a trading post by colonists of the Dutch Republic and was named New Amsterdam in 1626. The city and its surroundings came under English control in 1664 and were renamed New York after King Charles II of England granted the lands to his brother, New York served as the capital of the United States from 1785 until 1790. It has been the countrys largest city since 1790, the Statue of Liberty greeted millions of immigrants as they came to the Americas by ship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and is a symbol of the United States and its democracy. In the 21st century, New York has emerged as a node of creativity and entrepreneurship, social tolerance. Several sources have ranked New York the most photographed city in the world, the names of many of the citys bridges, tapered skyscrapers, and parks are known around the world. Manhattans real estate market is among the most expensive in the world, Manhattans Chinatown incorporates the highest concentration of Chinese people in the Western Hemisphere, with multiple signature Chinatowns developing across the city. Providing continuous 24/7 service, the New York City Subway is one of the most extensive metro systems worldwide, with 472 stations in operation. Over 120 colleges and universities are located in New York City, including Columbia University, New York University, and Rockefeller University, during the Wisconsinan glaciation, the New York City region was situated at the edge of a large ice sheet over 1,000 feet in depth. The ice sheet scraped away large amounts of soil, leaving the bedrock that serves as the foundation for much of New York City today. Later on, movement of the ice sheet would contribute to the separation of what are now Long Island and Staten Island. The first documented visit by a European was in 1524 by Giovanni da Verrazzano, a Florentine explorer in the service of the French crown and he claimed the area for France and named it Nouvelle Angoulême. Heavy ice kept him from further exploration, and he returned to Spain in August and he proceeded to sail up what the Dutch would name the North River, named first by Hudson as the Mauritius after Maurice, Prince of Orange
New York City
–
Clockwise, from top:
Midtown Manhattan,
Times Square, the
Unisphere in
Queens, the
Brooklyn Bridge,
Lower Manhattan with
One World Trade Center,
Central Park, the
headquarters of the United Nations, and the
Statue of Liberty
New York City
–
New Amsterdam, centered in the eventual
Lower Manhattan, in 1664, the year
England took control and renamed it "New York".
New York City
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The
Battle of Long Island, the largest battle of the
American Revolution, took place in
Brooklyn in 1776.
New York City
–
Broadway follows the Native American Wickquasgeck Trail through Manhattan.
15.
Sony Pictures Entertainment
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Sony Pictures Entertainment Inc. is an American entertainment company that produces, acquires and distributes filmed entertainment through multiple platforms. It operates as a subsidiary of Sony Entertainment Inc. which is the parent company for both the music and motion picture businesses of Sony Corporation, based in Culver City, California, it encompasses Sonys motion picture, television production and distribution units. Its group sales in the fiscal year 2015 has been reported to be of $8.3 billion, Sony Pictures film franchises include Spider-Man, Men in Black, Underworld, Resident Evil, and Robert Langdon. Sony Pictures is one of Hollywoods major film studios and a member of the Motion Picture Association of America, on September 1,1987, The Coca-Cola Company announced plans to spin-off its assets of Columbia Pictures, which it had owned since 1982. Under this arrangement, Coca-Cola would sell its entertainment assets to TriStar Pictures, Tri-Star would be renamed to Columbia Pictures Entertainment, Inc. with Coca-Cola owning 49%, its shareholders owning 31%, and Tri-Stars shareholders owning 20%. A new company was formed in early 1988 with the Tri-Star name to take over the studios operations, on September 28,1989, Sony obtained an option to purchase all of The Coca-Cola Companys stock in CPE for $27 per share. This was all led by Norio Ohga, who was the president, the hiring of Guber and Peters by Sony to run Columbia was conflicted by a previous contract the producers had signed at Warner Bros. Time Warners chairman, Steve Ross, threatened Sony with a lawsuit for breach of contract, the lawsuit would be subsequently dropped when Sony sold half-interest in Columbia House and cable distribution rights to Columbias feature films, TV movies, and miniseries to Warner Bros. Said agreement also saw Columbia sell its 35% interest in the Burbank Studios, on November 8,1989, Sony completed the acquisition by a short-form merger of its wholly owned subsidiary Sony Columbia Acquisition Corporation into CPE under Delaware law. Sony also completed a tender offer for shares of stock of the Guber-Peters Entertainment Company on November 6,1989. The acquisition cost Sony $4.9 billion and was backed by five major Japanese banks Mitsui, Tokyo, Fuji, Mitsubishi, the company was renamed Sony Pictures Entertainment on August 7,1991. On June 4,2008, SPEs wholly owned group 2JS Productions B. V. acquired Dutch production company 2waytraffic N. V. famous for Who Wants to Be a Millionaire. and You Are What You Eat for £114.3 million. In 2011, the Sony Pictures computer network was breached and approximately one million user accounts associated with the SonyPictures. com website were leaked. On November 21,2013, SPE and Sony Entertainments CEO Michael Lynton announced that SPE will shift emphasis from movies to television by cutting its 2014 film slate, on January 22,2014, SPE folded its technology unit into its various cores of its businesses. On February 6,2014, Sony Pictures Entertainment, through their legal name Columbia TriStar Warner Filmes de Portugal Ltda. announced that they close their offices in Portugal on March 31. On November 20,2015, Sony Pictures Home Entertainment announced that they will release Ultra HD Blu-ray releases, the first set will be in early 2016 and will include film and television content. In November 2014, the Sony Pictures computer network was compromised by a group of hackers named Guardians of Peace, disabling many computers. Later the same week, five of Sony Pictures movies were leaked, including some not yet released, as well as confidential data about 47,000 current and former Sony employees
Sony Pictures Entertainment
–
Sony Pictures Plaza in Culver City, California
Sony Pictures Entertainment
–
Sony Pictures Entertainment Inc.
Sony Pictures Entertainment
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Entrance to SPE main lot in Culver City
Sony Pictures Entertainment
–
Primary businesses
16.
Federal Hall National Memorial
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It was also where the United States Bill of Rights was introduced in the First Congress. The building was demolished in 1812, Federal Hall National Memorial was built in 1842 as the United States Custom House, on the site of the old Federal Hall on Wall Street, and later served as a sub-Treasury building. It is now operated by the National Park Service as a memorial commemorating the historic events that occurred there. The original structure on the site was built as New Yorks second City Hall in 1699 -1703, on Wall Street, in 1735, John Peter Zenger, an American newspaper publisher, was arrested for committing libel against the British royal governor and was imprisoned and tried there. His acquittal on the grounds that the material he had printed was true established freedom of the press as it was defined in the Bill of Rights. In October 1765, delegates from nine of the 13 colonies met as the Stamp Act Congress in response to the levying of the Stamp Act by the Parliament of Great Britain. After the American Revolution, the City Hall served as the place for the Congress of the Confederation of the United States under the Articles of Confederation. In 1788, the building was remodeled and enlarged under the direction of Pierre Charles LEnfant and this was the first example of Federal Style architecture in the United States. It was renamed Federal Hall when it became the first Capitol of the United States under the Constitution in 1789 and he was inaugurated on the balcony of the building on April 30,1789. Many of the most important legislative actions in the United States occurred with the 1st Congress at Federal Hall, part of the original railing and balcony floor where Washington was inaugurated are on display in the memorial. The current structure, one of the best surviving examples of architecture in New York, was built as the first purpose-built U. S. Custom House for the Port of New York, designed by John Frazee, it was constructed of Tuckahoe marble and took more than a decade to complete. In 1862, Customs moved to 55 Wall Street and the served as one of six United States Sub-Treasury locations. Millions of dollars of gold and silver were kept in the basement vaults until the Federal Reserve Bank replaced the Sub-Treasury system in 1920. In 1882, John Quincy Adams Wards bronze George Washington statue was erected on its front steps, in 1920, a bomb was detonated across the street from Federal Hall at 23 Wall Street, in what became known as the Wall Street bombing. Thirty-eight people were killed and 400 injured, and 23 Wall Street was visibly damaged, a famous photograph of the event shows the destruction and effects of the bombing, but also shows the statue of Washington standing stoically in the face of chaos. The building was designated as Federal Hall Memorial National Historic Site on May 26,1939, as with all historic areas administered by the National Park Service, the memorial was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15,1966. Federal Hall was designated a landmark by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission on December 21,1965, held just four blocks from the World Trade Center site, the meeting was the first by Congress in New York since 1790
Federal Hall National Memorial
–
The former United States Customs House
Federal Hall National Memorial
–
Federal Hall, Seat of Congress, 1790 hand-colored engraving by
Amos Doolittle, depicting Washington's April 30, 1789 inauguration
Federal Hall National Memorial
–
Archibald Robertson’s "View up Wall Street" with City Hall (Federal Hall) and Trinity Church, New York City, from around 1798
Federal Hall National Memorial
–
George Washington in front of Federal Hall National Memorial
17.
Hacker (computer security)
–
A security hacker is someone who seeks to breach defenses and exploit weaknesses in a computer system or network. The subculture that has evolved around hackers is often referred to as the computer underground, there is a longstanding controversy about the terms true meaning. The black-hat meaning still prevails among the general public, in computer security, a hacker is someone who focuses on security mechanisms of computer and network systems. While including those who endeavor to strengthen such mechanisms, it is often used by the mass media. That is, the media portrays the hacker as a villain, nevertheless, parts of the subculture see their aim in correcting security problems and use the word in a positive sense. White hat is the given to ethical computer hackers, who utilize hacking in a helpful way. White hats are becoming a part of the information security field. Accordingly, the term bears strong connotations that are favorable or pejorative, the subculture around such hackers is termed network hacker subculture, hacker scene or computer underground. It initially developed in the context of phreaking during the 1960s and it is implicated with 2600, The Hacker Quarterly and the alt.2600 newsgroup. In 1980, an article in the August issue of Psychology Today used the term hacker in its title and it was an excerpt from a Stanford Bulletin Board discussion on the addictive nature of computer use. In the 1982 film Tron, Kevin Flynn describes his intentions to break into ENCOMs computer system, CLU is the software he uses for this. By 1983, hacking in the sense of breaking computer security had already been in use as computer jargon, but there was no public awareness about such activities. However, the release of the film WarGames that year, featuring a computer intrusion into NORAD, the Newsweek article appears to be the first use of the word hacker by the mainstream media in the pejorative sense. Pressured by media coverage, congressman Dan Glickman called for an investigation, as a result of these laws against computer criminality, white hat, grey hat and black hat hackers try to distinguish themselves from each other, depending on the legality of their activities. These moral conflicts are expressed in The Mentors The Hacker Manifesto, use of the term hacker meaning computer criminal was also advanced by the title Stalking the Wily Hacker, an article by Clifford Stoll in the May 1988 issue of the Communications of the ACM. Later that year, the release by Robert Tappan Morris, Jr. of the so-called Morris worm provoked the popular media to spread this usage, the popularity of Stolls book The Cuckoos Egg, published one year later, further entrenched the term in the publics consciousness. Several subgroups of the underground with different attitudes use different terms to demarcate themselves from each other. Eric S. Raymond, author of The New Hackers Dictionary, yet, those people see themselves as hackers and even try to include the views of Raymond in what they see as a wider hacker culture, a view that Raymond has harshly rejected
Hacker (computer security)
–
Bruce Sterling, author of
The Hacker Crackdown
Hacker (computer security)
18.
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
–
The act was amended in 1988 and in 1998. As of 2012 there were continued congressional concerns, the idea of Foreign Corrupt Practices Act is to make it illegal for companies and their supervisors to influence foreign officials with any personal payments or rewards. The FCPA applies to any person who has a degree of connection to the United States and engages in foreign corrupt practices. The Act also applies to any act by U. S. businesses, American nationals, citizens, and residents acting in furtherance of a foreign corrupt practice whether or not they are physically present in the U. S. This is considered the nationality principle of the act, any individuals that are involved in those activities may face prison time. This act was passed to make it unlawful for certain classes of persons, in the case of foreign natural and legal persons, the Act covers their deeds if they are in the U. S. at the time of the corrupt conduct. This is considered the principle of the act. These payments are not restricted to monetary forms and may include anything of value and this is considered the territoriality principle of the act. An ongoing debate asks about the laws effects, scholars have found that the FCPA discourages US firms from investing in foreign markets. Companies engaging in mergers and acquisitions in emerging markets face an increased level of regulatory. If the official has no choice but to bribe, and bribery is legal in the country, one major example was the Lockheed bribery scandals, in which officials of aerospace company Lockheed paid foreign officials to favor their companys products. Another was the Bananagate scandal in which Chiquita Brands had bribed the President of Honduras to lower taxes, congress enacted the FCPA to bring a halt to the bribery of foreign officials and to restore public confidence in the integrity of the American business system. The Act was signed into law by President Jimmy Carter on December 19,1977 and it was first amended by the Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act of 1988, where Title V is known as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act Amendments of 1988. It introduced a standard in order to find violations of the Act, encompassing conscious disregard. Other amendments were for bona fide, reasonable and lawful gifts under the laws of the foreign country, the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Department of Justice are both responsible for enforcing the FCPA. This is because the FCPA both amends an SEC Act and the criminal code, the SEC enforces the Act for companies it regulates and the Department of Justice enforces the bill regarding all other domestic companies. This split was criticized even before the act was passed, in 2010 the SEC created a specialized unit for FCPA enforcement. In 2012, the SEC and the DOJ issued their first joint guide to the FCPA, since the 1998 Amendment of FCPA they also apply to foreign firms and persons who take any act in furtherance of such a corrupt payment while in the U. S
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
–
Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
19.
Chris Bauer
–
Mark Christopher Chris Bauer is an American film and television actor. Bauers work includes roles in 8mm, The Devils Advocate, Face/Off, The Conspirator, Bauer has also starred in television shows The Wire, Third Watch, True Blood, and the Starz series Survivors Remorse. Bauer was born in Los Angeles, California and is of Irish and he attended high school at Miramonte High School in Orinda, California and played on the Miramonte football team in his senior year,1984, the year the team won the state championship. Later, he attended the University of San Diego, the American Academy of Dramatic Arts, Bauer has starred in numerous television series including The Wire as port-union boss Frank Sobotka. He also starred in Billy Crystals 2001 film 61*, as New York Yankees player Bob Cerv, in 2004 he played Lee Nickel on the ESPN series Tilt. He appears on the episode The No-Brainer of the television series Fringe as Brian Dempsey and he also appeared in multiple episodes of Numb3rs as Dr. Raymond Ray Galuski and in Criminal Minds in season one as the antagonist. Andy Bellefleur on the TV-series True Blood, in 2014, Bauer guest starred in an episode of NBCs Parks and Recreation. In October 2014 Bauer started a role on the Starz comedy Survivors Remorse. He plays Jimmy Flaherty, the owner of a fictitious Atlanta professional basketball team, the show is written by Mike OMalley, who is also an executive producer along with NBA star LeBron James, and stars Jessie T. Usher. Survivors Remorse started its season on September 22,2015. Tom Lange in the FX limited series American Crime Story, bauers first film appearance was in Snow White, A Tale of Terror, with Sigourney Weaver, Sam Neill, and Monica Keena. Soon after, Bauer played schoolteacher/pedophile Lloyd Gettys in the 1997 film The Devils Advocate and he played prisoner NB9674932-65 Ivan Dubov in the 1998 action film Face/Off, where he met Nicolas Cage. He then appeared as the masked character Machine in the 1999 film 8mm also starring Cage and he starred as fetish photographer Irving Klaw in the 2005 Bettie Page biopic The Notorious Bettie Page, and as famous author Ken Kesey in a 2007 Neal Cassady biopic. Bauer played a role in the 2005 Jim Jarmusch film. He was featured in the movie The Conspirator, as an officer following Abraham Lincolns assassination. In 2015, Bauer played the role of Pa in Disneys Tomorrowland, Chris Bauer at the Internet Movie Database
Chris Bauer
–
Bauer at the
True Blood panel at the
San Diego Comic-Con International in July 2014
20.
Aaron Yoo
–
Aaron Yoo is an American actor. Hes best known for appearing in the movies Disturbia,21, aaron Yoo was born in East Brunswick Township, New Jersey, to Korean parents. He has a sister and one younger brother. As a student at East Brunswick High School he played cello in the orchestra and he graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 2001, where he was a member of Sigma Nu fraternity. He starred in the 2007 films Disturbia and American Pastime, the 2008 film 21, Nick and Norahs Infinite Playlist, The Wackness, and Labor Pains, Yoo had his appendix removed shortly before filming of Friday the 13 began, and could not film his scenes right away. As soon as he was ready for filming, director Nispel immediately hung him upside down in some rafters, exposing the staples over his surgical wound and he co-starred in HBOs Rocket Science, as the protagonists best friend, Heston. His stage credits include the premiere of Christopher Shinns Where Do We Live, the anthology production Savage Acts, Mac Wellmans Cellophane, aaron Yoo at the Internet Movie Database
Aaron Yoo
–
Yoo at the Toronto International Film Festival, 2008
21.
Cenk Uygur
–
Cenk Kadir Uygur is an American activist, businessman, columnist, and political commentator. Uygur is the main host and co-founder of the The Young Turks, before beginning his career as a political commentator, he worked as an attorney in Washington, D. C. and New York City. As a young man, Uygur espoused socially conservative views, criticizing abortion, affirmative action, in addition to hosting TYT, Uygur appeared on MSNBC as a political commentator. From January to June 2011, he hosted a commentary show on the network. After leaving MSNBC, he secured another weeknight commentary show on Current TV, from 2012 to 2013, Uygur was the chief news officer at Current TV, succeeding Keith Olbermann. Uygur was born in Istanbul, Turkey, and emigrated with his family when he was eight years old and he spent his adolescence in East Brunswick, New Jersey, and graduated from East Brunswick High School. Raised as a Muslim, Uygur became a later in life. He graduated from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania where he majored in management and was on the Student Activities Council representing the Turkish Students Association. He then received a Juris Doctor degree from Columbia Law School and worked as an attorney at the law firms of Drinker Biddle & Reath in Washington, D. C. Uygur first appeared as a show host on a weekend radio show on WWRC in Washington, D. C. He later wrote for, produced, and appeared on the WAMI-TV news show The Times in Miami, in his college and law school years, Uygur espoused socially conservative views. He wrote a column in The Daily Pennsylvanian criticizing Penns practice of affirmative action and he supported the pro-life position on the abortion issue, criticized feminism, and argued that Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas was treated unjustly during his Senate confirmation hearings. He also criticized organized religion as based on mythology and as a force between people. In a blog post in April 2016, he announced that his views on the matter had changed significantly since 1991 and he went on to claim that he does not know enough today to comment on the genocide. Uygur slowly transitioned away from the Republican party and he said that the decision to invade Iraq was a moment in that transition. He has also repeatedly criticized former Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, Uygur created the talk show The Young Turks with the goal of starting a liberal political and entertainment show. It launched on February 14,2002 and it later became a success online, and aired on the Sirius Satellite Radio network. The Young Turks claims to be the first Internet video news show, collectively it has amassed over one billion views on YouTube, and over three million subscribers
Cenk Uygur
–
Uygur in 2010
22.
Stuart Ford (entertainment executive)
–
The company is based in Los Angeles and has offices in New York, London, Beijing, Shanghai, Mumbai, Munich and Mexico City. Stuart Ford is based in Los Angeles, in 2015 Ford and IM Global were jointly awarded the annual Achievement in International Film Award by Variety. During this period The Hollywood Reporter listed Ford as one of the top executives in Hollywood under the age of 35. Born in the UK, Ford was educated at the Liverpool Blue Coat School, mel Gibson’s “Hacksaw Ridge” and Martin Scorsese’s “Silence”, which Ford executive produced, collectively received seven Academy Award nominations in 2017 with the former winning two Oscars. In June 2016, Los Angeles and Shanghai based Tang Media Partners assumed a controlling position in IM Global to help accelerate the company’s growth initiatives. Simultaneously, TMP arranged a new, expanded television production joint venture among IM Global, TMP, the IM Global television JV includes an innovative first-of-its-kind programming investment fund arranged by TMP. The company is a prominent player in the Hispanic entertainment arena through its subsidiary Latin, the company also owns Valor Entertainment, a Los Angeles based talent management business representing Latino actors, musicians, writers and directors. In December,2014 the company launched IM Global Music, IM Global Music is a full-service music platform that exploits music publishing rights, releases soundtrack albums and develops music driven film and television content. In late 2010 the UKs Guardian newspaper listed Ford as one of the 50 most influential individuals in global cinema, stuart Fords IM Global was the 2015 recipient of the Variety Award for Achievement in International Film. As an individual Ford has produced or executive produced more than 25 Hollywood features, Ford lives in Los Angeles with his wife and two young sons. III - executive producer Goal II, Living the Dream - executive producer The Official Film of the 2006 FIFA World Cup - executive producer
Stuart Ford (entertainment executive)
–
Stuart Ford, 2015 Variety Award for Achievement in International Film
23.
Coen brothers
–
Joel David Coen and Ethan Jesse Coen, collectively referred to as the Coen brothers, are American filmmakers. Their films span many genres and styles, which they frequently subvert or parody and their best-reviewed works include Fargo, The Big Lebowski, No Country for Old Men, A Serious Man, True Grit, and Inside Llewyn Davis. The brothers write, direct, and produce their films jointly, although until The Ladykillers, Joel received sole credit for directing and they often alternate top billing for their screenplays while sharing film credits for editor under the alias Roderick Jaynes. The duo also won the Palme dOr for Barton Fink, and were nominated for Fargo, the Coen brothers have written a number of films that neither of the two directed. Ethan is also a writer of stories, theater. Their films No Country for Old Men, A Serious Man, Joel and Ethan Coen were born and raised in St. Louis Park, Minnesota, a suburb of Minneapolis. Their mother, Rena, was an art historian at St. Cloud State University, when they were children, Joel saved money from mowing lawns to buy a Vivitar Super 8 camera. Together, the brothers remade movies they saw on television, with a kid, Mark Zimering. Their first attempt was a romp entitled Henry Kissinger, Man on the Go, cornel Wildes The Naked Prey became their Zeimers in Zambia, which also featured Ethan as a native with a spear. Joel Coen has said, in regards to whether our background influences our film making, theres no doubt that our Jewish heritage affects how we see things. Joel and Ethan graduated from St. Louis Park High School in 1973 and 1976 and they both also graduated from Bard College at Simons Rock in Great Barrington, Massachusetts. Joel then spent four years in the film program at New York University. Ethan went on to Princeton University and earned a degree in philosophy in 1979. His senior thesis was a 41-page essay, Two Views of Wittgensteins Later Philosophy, Joel has been married to actress Frances McDormand since 1984. They adopted a son from Paraguay, named Pedro McDormand Coen and she also did a voice-over in Barton Fink. Ethan married film editor Tricia Cooke in 1990 and they have two children, daughter Dusty and son Buster Jacob, who goes to Vassar College. Both couples live in New York, after graduating from New York University, Joel worked as a production assistant on a variety of industrial films and music videos. He developed a talent for film editing and met Sam Raimi while assisting Enda Ruth Paul in editing Raimis first feature film, in 1984, the brothers wrote and directed Blood Simple, their first commercial film together
Coen brothers
–
Ethan Coen (left) and Joel Coen at the
2015 Cannes Film Festival
Coen brothers
–
Ethan and Joel Coen at the
2001 Cannes Film Festival.
Coen brothers
–
With
Javier Bardem at the
2007 Cannes Film Festival.
24.
Hail, Caesar!
–
Hail, Caesar. is a 2016 comedy film written, produced, edited and directed by Joel and Ethan Coen. The film stars Josh Brolin, George Clooney, Alden Ehrenreich, Ralph Fiennes, Jonah Hill, Scarlett Johansson, Frances McDormand, Tilda Swinton and Channing Tatum. First revealed in 2004, the film was set to take place in the 1920s. The Coens shelved the idea until late 2013, when they stated it was in development, principal photography began in November 2014 in Los Angeles, California. The film premiered in Los Angeles on February 1,2016, grossed $63 million worldwide and received positive reviews from critics, although audiences were less enthusiastic. The film was chosen by National Board of Review as one of the top ten films of 2016 and it received an Academy Award nomination for Best Production Design. In 1951, Eddie Mannix is the head of production at Capitol Pictures. He often has to fend off inquiries from Thora and Thessaly Thacker, twin sisters, the Lockheed Corporation has been courting him with an offer of a high-level executive position, but he is unsure about taking it. When unmarried synchronised swimming actress DeeAnna Moran becomes pregnant, Mannix arranges for her to put the baby in foster care, the studios major production is Hail, Caesar. A Tale of the Christ, an set in ancient Roman times. During a shot, Whitlock drinks from a goblet of wine that was drugged by an extra, a ransom note soon arrives, written by a group calling itself The Future, demanding $100,000. Mannix arranges to get the money from the studios Accounting Department, Whitlock awakens in a beach house and finds his way into a meeting of The Future, a Communist cell. The members, who introduce themselves as writers in the motion picture industry, explain their doctrine to him. At the same time, Thora threatens Mannix by stating she will release an article about a scandal involving the earlier film On Wings As Eagles, which gave Whitlock his break-out role. Mannix successfully negotiates for her to postpone the story by a day in exchange for information about the life of singing Western film star Hobie Doyle. Doyle is cast in a period drama helmed by posh director Laurence Laurentz in an attempt by the studio to broaden his appeal. After Doyles initial performance is hopelessly incompetent, Laurentz visits Mannix, Mannix informs Laurentz that Doyles role is non-negotiable and convinces him to coach the young actor to give a better performance. Doyle comes to Mannixs office and admits that he feels the part is too far outside his comfort zone, Mannix reassures him that he has the needed acting abilities and tells him about Whitlocks kidnapping
Hail, Caesar!
–
Official logo
25.
Kaufman Astoria Studios
–
The Kaufman Astoria Studios is a historic movie studio located in the Astoria section of the New York City borough of Queens. It is home to New York Citys only backlot, which opened in December 2013, the studio was originally built by Famous Players-Lasky in 1920 to provide the company with a facility close to the Broadway theater district. Many features and short subjects were filmed here between 1920 and 1933, the first two Marx Brothers films were shot here, The Cocoanuts and Animal Crackers, before the team moved to Los Angeles. The first Sherlock Holmes sound film, The Return of Sherlock Holmes, was made at the studio by the British producer Basil Dean. The Dance of Life was a film shot on sound stages. It was also known as Astoria Studio and Paramount Studio, all the films starring Tango icon Carlos Gardel made in the United States were shot at the Kaufman Astoria. The property was designated a historic district and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. The district encompasses six contributing buildings, in 1982, the property was taken over by real estate developer George S. Kaufman and renamed Kaufman Astoria Studios. Motion pictures filmed there include the musicals Hair and The Wiz, in 1984, The Jacksons music video Torture was filmed there as well. The 1986 movie The Money Pit starring Tom Hanks and Shelley Long, many sequences, especially the visitation sequence in 2002 TV mini series Angels in America, were also shot here. A2009 remake, The Taking of Pelham 123, in 2011, the remake of Arthur filmed a few scenes there. Television shows filmed at the studio include Sesame Street, Onion News Network, Johnny and the Sprites, Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego, and its successor Where in Time is Carmen Sandiego. WFAN, a sports radio station owned by CBS, was formerly based at the studio before moving to lower Manhattan in the fall of 2009. Kaufman Astoria Studios has seven sound stages including the new Stage K, in 2008, Marty Robinson, who plays Aloysius Snuffleupagus, Telly Monster, and Slimy the Worm on Sesame Street married Annie Evans, a writer for the show on the Sesame Street set. The ceremony was performed on the steps of 123 Sesame Street, on December 3,2013, a 34,800 square foot backlot was dedicated. It is the studio backlot in New York City. In 2014 Kaufman Astoria Studios has announced plans to build a new 18, Kaufman Astoria Studios recently contracted to have a Photovoltaic Array installed on the roof of their facility. The project was developed by Lionshead Energy of Queens, NY, while the installation is being handled by Solar Landscape, based in Neptune, notes Media related to Kaufman Astoria Studios at Wikimedia Commons Official website Historic American Buildings Survey No
Kaufman Astoria Studios
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Paramount Studios Complex
Kaufman Astoria Studios
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The former 36th Street, recently gated as a back lot
Kaufman Astoria Studios
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Addisleigh Park
26.
Astoria, Queens
–
Astoria is a middle-class and commercial neighborhood with a population of 78,793 in the northwestern corner of the New York City borough of Queens. Located in Community Board 1, Astoria is bounded by the East River and is adjacent to three other Queens neighborhoods, Long Island City, Sunnyside, and Woodside, Astoria is patrolled by the New York City Police Departments 114th Precinct. The area now known as Astoria was originally called Halletts Cove, after its first landowner William Hallett, beginning in the early 19th century, affluent New Yorkers constructed large residences around 12th and 14th streets, an area that later became known as Astoria Village. Halletts Cove, incorporated on April 12,1839 and previously founded by fur merchant Stephen A. Halsey, was a recreational destination. The area was renamed for John Jacob Astor, then the wealthiest man in America with a net worth of over $40 million and he only invested $500, but the name stayed nonetheless, as a bitter battle over naming the village finally was won by Astors supporters and friends. From Astors summer home in Hell Gate, Manhattan—on what is now East 87th Street near York Avenue—he could see across the East River the new Long Island village named in his honor, Astor, however, never actually set foot in Astoria. During the second half of the 19th century, economic and commercial growth brought increased immigration from German settlers, mostly furniture and cabinet makers. One such settler was Heinrich Engelhard Steinweg, patriarch of the Steinway family who founded the piano company Steinway & Sons in 1853, later on the Steinways built a sawmill and foundry, as well as a streetcar line. The family eventually established Steinway Village for their workers, a town that provided school instruction in German as well as English. Astoria and several surrounding villages, including Steinway, were incorporated into Long Island City in 1870. Long Island City remained an independent municipality until it was incorporated into New York City in 1898, the areas farms were turned into housing tracts and street grids to accommodate the growing number of residents. Astoria also figured prominently in early American filmmaking as one of its initial centers and that heritage is preserved today by the Museum of the Moving Image and Kaufman Astoria Studios. Today, much of the Astoria waterfront is being redeveloped and underutilized industrial sites in historic neighborhoods are being revived. The development will include new waterfront parks, a supermarket, retail shops and restaurants. These waterfront projects were designed by a New York architectural firm, in conjunction with private developers, city agencies and landscape architects. Based on data from the 2010 United States Census, the population of Astoria was 78,793, covering an area of 902.94 acres, the neighborhood had a population density of 87.3 inhabitants per acre. The racial makeup of the neighborhood was 49. 2% White,4. 5% African American,0. 2% Native American,16. 2% Asian,0. 0% Pacific Islander,1. 2% from other races, and 2. 2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 26. 5% of the population, Astoria was first settled by the Dutch and Germans in the 17th century
Astoria, Queens
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36th Street between 30th Avenue and 31st Avenue in Astoria
Astoria, Queens
Astoria, Queens
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30th Avenue, Astoria, Queens, NYC
Astoria, Queens
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31st Avenue at 33rd Street in Astoria
27.
Financial District, Manhattan
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The neighborhood roughly overlaps with the boundaries of the New Amsterdam settlement in the late 17th century. The Financial District has witnessed growth in its population to approximately 43,000 as of 2014, the Financial District encompasses roughly the area south of City Hall Park in Lower Manhattan but excludes Battery Park and Battery Park City. The former World Trade Center complex was located in the neighborhood until the September 11 attacks, the heart of the Financial District is often considered to be the corner of Wall Street and Broad Street, both of which are contained entirely within the district. Until the late 20th and early 21st century, the neighborhood was considered to be primarily a destination for daytime traders and office workers from around New York City, the Financial District is part of Manhattan Community Board 1, which also includes five other neighborhoods. The Financial District has a number of tourist attractions such as the adjacent South Street Seaport Historic District, the New York City Police Museum, bowling Green is the starting point of traditional ticker-tape parades on Broadway, where here it is also known as the Canyon of Heroes. The Museum of Jewish Heritage and the Skyscraper Museum are both in adjacent Battery Park City which is home to the World Financial Center
Financial District, Manhattan
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The Financial District of
Lower Manhattan viewed from
New York Harbor, near the
Statue of Liberty, October 2013
Financial District, Manhattan
Financial District, Manhattan
–
One World Trade Center
Financial District, Manhattan
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70 Pine Street
28.
Manhattan
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Manhattan is the most densely populated borough of New York City, its economic and administrative center, and the citys historical birthplace. The borough is coextensive with New York County, founded on November 1,1683, Manhattan is often described as the cultural and financial capital of the world and hosts the United Nations Headquarters. Many multinational media conglomerates are based in the borough and it is historically documented to have been purchased by Dutch colonists from Native Americans in 1626 for 60 guilders which equals US$1062 today. New York County is the United States second-smallest county by land area, on business days, the influx of commuters increases that number to over 3.9 million, or more than 170,000 people per square mile. Manhattan has the third-largest population of New York Citys five boroughs, after Brooklyn and Queens, the City of New York was founded at the southern tip of Manhattan, and the borough houses New York City Hall, the seat of the citys government. The name Manhattan derives from the word Manna-hata, as written in the 1609 logbook of Robert Juet, a 1610 map depicts the name as Manna-hata, twice, on both the west and east sides of the Mauritius River. The word Manhattan has been translated as island of hills from the Lenape language. The United States Postal Service prefers that mail addressed to Manhattan use New York, NY rather than Manhattan, the area that is now Manhattan was long inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. In 1524, Florentine explorer Giovanni da Verrazzano – sailing in service of King Francis I of France – was the first European to visit the area that would become New York City. It was not until the voyage of Henry Hudson, an Englishman who worked for the Dutch East India Company, a permanent European presence in New Netherland began in 1624 with the founding of a Dutch fur trading settlement on Governors Island. In 1625, construction was started on the citadel of Fort Amsterdam on Manhattan Island, later called New Amsterdam, the 1625 establishment of Fort Amsterdam at the southern tip of Manhattan Island is recognized as the birth of New York City. In 1846, New York historian John Romeyn Brodhead converted the figure of Fl 60 to US$23, variable-rate myth being a contradiction in terms, the purchase price remains forever frozen at twenty-four dollars, as Edwin G. Burrows and Mike Wallace remarked in their history of New York. Sixty guilders in 1626 was valued at approximately $1,000 in 2006, based on the price of silver, Straight Dope author Cecil Adams calculated an equivalent of $72 in 1992. In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant was appointed as the last Dutch Director General of the colony, New Amsterdam was formally incorporated as a city on February 2,1653. In 1664, the English conquered New Netherland and renamed it New York after the English Duke of York and Albany, the Dutch Republic regained it in August 1673 with a fleet of 21 ships, renaming the city New Orange. Manhattan was at the heart of the New York Campaign, a series of battles in the early American Revolutionary War. The Continental Army was forced to abandon Manhattan after the Battle of Fort Washington on November 16,1776. The city, greatly damaged by the Great Fire of New York during the campaign, became the British political, British occupation lasted until November 25,1783, when George Washington returned to Manhattan, as the last British forces left the city
Manhattan
–
View from
Midtown Manhattan, facing south toward
Lower Manhattan
Manhattan
–
Peter Minuit, early 1600s.
Manhattan
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The
Castello Plan showing the Dutch colonial city of
New Amsterdam in 1660 – then confined to the southern tip of Manhattan Island.
Manhattan
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J.Q.A. Ward 's statue of
George Washington in front of
Federal Hall (on
Wall Street) where he was inaugurated as the first
U.S. President in 1789.
29.
William Street (Manhattan)
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William Street is a street in the Financial District of Lower Manhattan, New York City. It runs generally southwest to northeast, crossing Wall Street and terminating at Broad Street and Spruce Street, between Beaver Street and Broad Street, the street is known as South William Street. Between Beekman Street and Spruce Street, in front of New York Downtown Hospital and it is one of the oldest streets in Manhattan and can be seen in the 1660 Castello Plan of New Amsterdam. It was originally called King Street, but was later renamed William after Willem Beekman who arrived in New Amsterdam in 1647 as a passenger of Peter Stuyvesant. Beekman got his start as a Dutch West India Company clerk, the area was declared a historic district in 1996 by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. The buildings on William Street tend to cater to the underpinnings of the area and include luxury condominiums, offices. Media related to William Street at Wikimedia Commons
William Street (Manhattan)
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William Street, looking south from below Cedar Street
William Street (Manhattan)
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13-15 South William Street, constructed in the Dutch Colonial Revival architecture
30.
Broad Street (Manhattan)
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Broad Street is located in the Financial District in the New York City borough of Manhattan, stretching from South Street to Wall Street. Broad Street was named for the Broad Canal, which it replaced, originally an inlet from the East River, the canal was flanked by two solid ranks of three-story houses, the paths in front of which were paved in 1676. The Broad Canal was the original Manhattan landing of the first ferry between Manhattan and Brooklyn, later the Fulton Ferry, the street saw a lot of change as the centuries progressed from Dutch to British rule and finally independent America. Among the tenants of Broad Street in the 18th century was bookseller Garrat Noel, the 1835 Great Fire of New York destroyed whatever historical buildings were left from the early times of New Amsterdam/New York. As the area became the center of activity, all smaller buildings in turn were replaced with grand banks. Most of the structures stand today date from the turn of the 20th century. At the corner of Broad and Wall, there is the Broad Street station on the BMT Nassau Street Line of the New York City Subway, north of Wall Street, Broad Street is continued by Nassau Street. The famous neo-Roman facade of the New York Stock Exchange and its entrance is located on 18 Broad Street. Opposite it is the former J. P. Morgan headquarters 23 Wall Street and 15 Broad Street, other buildings of note are the Broad Exchange Building at number 25, the Continental Bank Building at number 30 and the American Bank Note Company Building at number 70. The two southernmost skyscrapers in Manhattan are 1 New York Plaza on the west side of Broad Street, notes Broad Street, A New York Songline
Broad Street (Manhattan)
–
Broad Street with the New York Stock Exchange on the right
Broad Street (Manhattan)
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The Stock Exchange at 10-12 Broad Street, in 1882
Broad Street (Manhattan)
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15 Broad Street
31.
Captain America: Civil War
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Captain America, Civil War is a 2016 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Captain America, produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures. It is the sequel to 2011s Captain America, The First Avenger and 2014s Captain America, The Winter Soldier, and the thirteenth film of the Marvel Cinematic Universe. The film is directed by Anthony and Joe Russo, with a screenplay by Christopher Markus & Stephen McFeely, in Captain America, Civil War, disagreement over international oversight of the Avengers fractures them into opposing factions—one led by Steve Rogers and the other by Tony Stark. Following positive reactions to test screenings of The Winter Soldier, the Russo brothers were brought back to direct in early 2014, the films title and premise were revealed in October 2014, along with Downeys casting, additional cast members joined in the following months. Visual effects were provided by nearly 20 different studios during the post-production process, Captain America, Civil War held its world premiere in Los Angeles on April 12,2016, and was released in the United States on May 6,2016, in 3D and IMAX 3D. The film became a critical and commercial success, grossing over $1.1 billion worldwide, making it the film of 2016. In 1991, the brainwashed super-soldier James Bucky Barnes is dispatched from a Hydra base in Siberia to intercept an automobile carrying a case of super-soldier serum, Rumlow blows himself up, hoping to kill Rogers. When Maximoff throws the explosion into the sky with telekinesis, it damages a nearby building, killing several Wakandan humanitarian workers. U. S. Secretary of State Thaddeus Ross informs the Avengers that the United Nations is preparing to pass the Sokovia Accords, which will establish a UN panel to oversee and control the team. The Avengers are divided, Tony Stark supports oversight because of his role in Ultrons creation and Sokovias devastation, at a conference in Vienna where the Accords are to be ratified, a bomb kills King TChaka of Wakanda. Security footage indicates the bomber is Barnes, whom TChakas son, TChalla, informed by Sharon Carter of Barnes whereabouts and the authorities intentions to kill him, Rogers tries to bring in Barnes—his childhood friend and war comrade—himself. Rogers and Wilson track Barnes to Bucharest and attempt to protect him from TChalla and the authorities, Helmut Zemo tracks down and kills Barnes old Hydra handler, stealing a book containing the trigger words that activate Barnes brainwashing. Impersonating a psychiatrist sent to interview Barnes, Zemo recites the words to make Barnes obey him and he questions Barnes, then sends him on a rampage to cover his own escape. Rogers stops Barnes and sneaks him away, unwilling to wait for authorization to apprehend Zemo, Rogers and Wilson go rogue, and recruit Maximoff, Clint Barton, and Scott Lang to their cause. With Rosss permission, Stark assembles a team composed of Romanoff, TChalla, James Rhodes, Vision, Starks team intercepts Rogers group at Leipzig/Halle Airport, where they fight until Romanoff allows Rogers and Barnes to escape. The rest of Rogers team is captured and detained at the Raft prison, while Rhodes is partially paralyzed after being shot down by Vision. Stark discovers evidence that Barnes was framed by Zemo and convinces Wilson to give him Rogers destination, without informing Ross, Stark goes to the Siberian Hydra facility and strikes a truce with Rogers and Barnes, unaware they were secretly followed by TChalla. They find that the other super-soldiers have been killed by Zemo, enraged that Rogers kept this from him, Stark turns on them both, dismembering Barnes robotic arm
Captain America: Civil War
–
Film set for Captain America: Civil War in
Downtown Atlanta.
Captain America: Civil War
–
Official logo
32.
The Jungle Book (2016 film)
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The Jungle Book is a 2016 American fantasy adventure film, directed and co-produced by Jon Favreau, produced by Walt Disney Pictures, and written by Justin Marks. The film introduces Neel Sethi as Mowgli and also features the voices of Bill Murray, Ben Kingsley, Idris Elba, Lupita Nyongo, Scarlett Johansson, Giancarlo Esposito, and Christopher Walken. Favreau, Marks and producer Brigham Taylor developed the story as a balance between Disneys animated adaptation and Kiplings original works, borrowing elements from both into the film. Principal photography commenced in 2014, with filming taking place entirely in Los Angeles, the film required extensive use of computer-generated imagery to portray the animals and settings. The Jungle Book was released in North America in Disney Digital 3-D, RealD 3D, IMAX 3D, D-Box and it became a critical and commercial success, grossing over $966 million, making it the fifth highest-grossing film of 2016 and the 32nd highest-grossing film of all time. The film won the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, Mowgli is a man cub raised by the Seeonee Indian wolf Raksha and her pack, led by Akela, in an Indian jungle ever since he was brought to them as a baby by the black panther Bagheera. The truce is disrupted when a tiger named Shere Khan arrives detecting Mowglis scent in the large crowd. Resentful against man for scarring him, he issues a warning that he will kill Mowgli at the end of the drought, after the drought ends, the wolves debate whether they should keep Mowgli or not. Mowgli decides to leave the jungle for the safety of his pack, Bagheera agrees with the decision and volunteers to guide him to the nearby man village. En route, Shere Khan ambushes them and injures Bagheera, later, Mowgli meets an enormous python named Kaa who hypnotizes him. While under her influence, Mowgli sees a vision of his father being mauled while protecting him from Shere Khan, the vision also warns of the destructive power of the red flower. Kaa attempts to devour Mowgli, but she is attacked by a bear named Baloo. Baloo and Mowgli bond while retrieving some difficult-to-access honey for Baloo, upon learning that Mowgli has left the jungle, Shere Khan kills Akela and threatens the pack to lure Mowgli out. Bagheera eventually finds Mowgli and Baloo and is angered that Mowgli has not joined the humans as agreed, during the night, Mowgli finds a herd of Indian elephants gathered around a ditch and uses his vines to save a baby elephant from the ditch. Although Baloo and Bagheera are both impressed, Baloo realizes that he cannot guarantee Mowglis safety after learning that he is being hunted by Shere Khan, Baloo agrees to push Mowgli away to get him to continue onward to the man village. Mowgli is kidnapped by the Bandar-log who present him to their leader, assuming that all humans can make fire, King Louie offers Mowgli protection from Shere Khan in exchange for it. Baloo distracts King Louie while Bagheera tries to him out. As King Louie chases Mowgli through his temple, he informs Mowgli of Akelas death, King Louies rampage eventually causes his temple to collapse on top of him
The Jungle Book (2016 film)
–
Teaser poster
33.
Rotten Tomatoes
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Rotten Tomatoes is an American review aggregator website for film and television. The company was launched in August 1998 by Senh Duong and since January 2010 has been owned by Flixster, in February 2016, Rotten Tomatoes and its parent site Flixster were sold to Comcasts Fandango. Warner Bros. retained a minority stake in the merged entities, since 2007, the websites editor-in-chief has been Matt Atchity. The name, Rotten Tomatoes, derives from the practice of audiences throwing rotten tomatoes when disapproving of a stage performance. From early 2008 to September 2010, Current Television aired the weekly The Rotten Tomatoes Show, featuring hosts, a shorter segment was incorporated into the weekly show, InfoMania, which ended in 2011. In September 2013, the website introduced TV Zone, a section for reviewing scripted TV shows, Rotten Tomatoes was launched on August 12,1998, as a spare-time project by Senh Duong. His goal in creating Rotten Tomatoes was to create a site where people can get access to reviews from a variety of critics in the U. S. As a fan of Jackie Chans, Duong was inspired to create the website after collecting all the reviews of Chans movies as they were being published in the United States, the first movie whose reviews were featured on Rotten Tomatoes was Your Friends & Neighbors. The website was an success, receiving mentions by Netscape, Yahoo. and USA Today within the first week of its launch. They officially launched it on April 1,2000, in June 2004, IGN Entertainment acquired rottentomatoes. com for an undisclosed sum. In September 2005, IGN was bought by News Corps Fox Interactive Media, in January 2010, IGN sold the website to Flixster. The combined reach of both companies is 30 million unique visitors a month across all different platforms, according to the companies, in May 2011, Flixster was acquired by Warner Bros. In early 2009, Current Television launched the version of the web review site. It was hosted by Brett Erlich and Ellen Fox and written by Mark Ganek, the show aired every Thursday at 10,30 EST on the Current TV network. The last episode aired on September 16,2010 and it returned as a much shorter segment of InfoMania, a satirical news show that ended in 2011. By late 2009, the website was designed to enable Rotten Tomatoes users to create, one group, The Golden Oyster Awards, accepted votes of members for different awards, as if in parallel to the better-known Oscars or Golden Globes. When Flixster bought the company, they disbanded the groups, announcing, in the meantime, please use the Forums to continue your conversations about your favorite movie topics. As of February 2011, new community features have been added, for example, users can no longer sort films by fresh ratings from rotten ratings, and vice versa
Rotten Tomatoes
–
60–100%
Rotten Tomatoes
Rotten Tomatoes
–
≤0-59%
34.
Metacritic
–
Metacritic is a website that aggregates reviews of media products, music albums, games, movies, TV shows, DVDs, and formerly, books. For each product, the scores from each review are averaged, Metacritic was created by Jason Dietz, Marc Doyle, and Julie Doyle Roberts. The site provides an excerpt from each review and hyperlinks to its source, a color of Green, Yellow or Red summarizes the critics recommendations and therefore the general appeal of the product to reviewers and, to a lesser extent, the public. It is regarded as the game industrys foremost review aggregator. Metacritics scoring converts each review into a percentage, either mathematically from the mark given, before being averaged, the scores are weighted according to the critics fame, stature, and volume of reviews. Metacritic was launched in July 1999 by Marc Doyle, his sister Julie Doyle Roberts, rotten Tomatoes was already compiling movie reviews, but Doyle, Roberts, and Dietz saw an opportunity to cover a broader range of media. They sold Metacritic to CNET in 2005, CNET and Metacritic are now owned by the CBS Corporation. Nick Wingfield of The Wall Street Journal wrote in September 2004, Mr. Doyle,36, is now a product manager at CNET. Speaking of video games, Doyle said, A site like ours helps people cut through. unobjective promotional language and he added that the review process was not taken as seriously when unconnected magazines and websites provided reviews in isolation. In August 2010, the appearance was revamped, reaction from users was overwhelmingly negative. Certain publications are given more significance because of their stature, games Editor Marc Doyle was interviewed by Keith Stuart of The Guardian to get a look behind the metascoring process. Stuart wrote, the phenomenon, namely Metacritic and GameRankings, have become an enormously important element of online games journalism over the past few years. The ranging of metascores is, Metacritic is regarded as the foremost online review site for the video game industry. Nick Wingfield of The Wall Street Journal has written that Metacritic influence the sales of games and he explains its influence as coming from the higher cost of buying video games than music or movie tickets. Many executives say that low scores can hurt the sales potential. He claimed that a number of businesses and financial analysts use Metacritic as an early indicator of a games potential sales and, by extension. In 2004, Jason Hall of Warner Bros. began including quality metrics in contracts with partners licensing its movies for games, if a product does not at least achieve a specific score, some deals require the publisher to pay higher royalties. In 2008, Microsoft began using Metacritic averages to de-list underperforming Xbox Live Arcade games and these are the top 10 individual games with the highest scores on the site as of 2 April 2017
Metacritic
–
Metacritic
35.
CinemaScore
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CinemaScore is a market research firm based in Las Vegas. It surveys film audiences to rate their experiences with letter grades, reports the results. A Yom Kippur donation card with tabs inspired the survey cards given to audience members, the company conducts surveys to audiences who have seen a film in theaters, asking them to rate the film and specifying what drew them to the film. Its results are published in Entertainment Weekly, CinemaScore pollster Dede Gilmore reported the trend in 1993, Most movies get easily a B-plus. I think people come wanting the entertainment, theyre more lenient with their grades. But as do it more and more, they get to be stronger critics, in 1993, films that were graded with an A included Scent of a Woman, A Few Good Men, and Falling Down. Films graded with a B included Sommersby and Untamed Heart, a C-grade film for the year was Body of Evidence. CinemaScore at first reported its findings to consumers, including a newspaper column, after 20th Century Fox approached the company in 1989, it began selling the data to studios instead. A website was launched by CinemaScore in 1999, after three years delay in which the president sought sponsorship from magazines and video companies, brad Peppard was president of CinemaScore Online from 1999 to 2002. The website included a database of nearly 2,000 feature films, prior to the launch, CinemaScore results had been published in Las Vegas Review-Journal and Reno Gazette-Journal. CinemaScores expansion to the Internet included a weekly email subscription for cinephiles to keep up with reports of audience reactions, in 1999, CinemaScore was rating approximately 140 films a year, including 98–99% of major studio releases. In the summer of 2002, CinemaScore reported that the season had the biggest collective grade since 1995, in the summer of 2000,25 out of 32 films received either an A or B grade. Twenty-six of the summer of 2001s 30 films got similar grades, while 32 of the summer of 2002s 34 films got similar grades, thirty-five to 45 teams of CinemaScore representatives are present in 25 large cities across North America. Each Friday, representatives in five randomly chosen cities give opening-day audiences a small survey card. The card asks for age, gender, a grade for the film between A+ and F, whether they would rent or buy the film on DVD or Blu-ray, and why they chose the film. CinemaScore typically receives about 400 cards per film, the company estimates a 65% response rate, the ratings are divided by gender and age groups, film studios and other subscribers receive the data at about 11 p. m. Pacific Time. Subsequent advertisements for highly ranked films often cite their CinemaScore grades, an A+ grade from CinemaScore for a film typically predicts a successful box office. From 1982 to August 2011, only 52 films received the top grade, A+ films include Titanic, Tangled, The Kings Speech, A Few Good Men, Driving Miss Daisy, and Toy Story 2
CinemaScore
–
A CinemaScore survey card
36.
Jim Cramer
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James J. Jim Cramer is an American television personality, former hedge fund manager, and best-selling author. Cramer is the host of CNBCs Mad Money and a co-founder of TheStreet, on February 10,1955, Cramer was born in Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania, a suburb of Philadelphia. Cramer was born to Jewish parents, Cramers mother, Louise A. Cramer, was an artist. Ken Cramer, owned International Packaging Products in Philadelphia, which sold wrapping paper, boxes and bags to retailers, one of his first jobs was selling ice cream at Veterans Stadium during Philadelphia Phillies games. Cramer went to Springfield Township High School in Montgomery County and he lives in Summit, New Jersey. In 1977, Cramer graduated magna cum laude from Harvard College with a B. A. in government, Cramer began his involvement with journalism in college, where he was the President and Editor-in-chief of The Harvard Crimson. In 1984, Cramer received his Juris Doctorate degree from Harvard Law School, after graduating from Harvard, Cramer worked in several entry-level reporting jobs. Dating back to March 1,1978, Cramer worked for the Tallahassee Democrat in Tallahassee, Florida, the then-executive editor, Richard Oppel, has said was like a driving ram. He was great at getting the story and he subsequently worked as a journalist for the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner. During this time, his apartment was robbed on multiple occasions, eventually costing him all of his possessions and he also worked for Governor Jerry Brown. Cramer was one of the first reporters at American Lawyer, during his years at Harvard Law School, Cramer worked as a research assistant for Alan Dershowitz. He assisted Dershowitzs campaign to acquit alleged murderer Claus von Bülow despite the fact that Cramer admitted to himself that von Bülow was supremely guilty. Cramer was admitted to the New York Bar in 1985, Cramer started investing in the stock market during his time at law school. His track record helped Cramer obtain employment in 1984 as a stockbroker with Goldman Sachs Private Wealth Management division, Cramers success in this position led him to found his own hedge fund, Cramer & Co. in 1987. The fund operated out of the offices of hedge fund pioneer Michael Steinhardts Steinhardt, Fine, Berkowitz & Co. and early investors included Eliot Spitzer, Brill, during Cramers tenure with the fund, from 1988 to 2000, he had one year of negative returns in 1998. The following year the fund returned 47%, and in 2000 28%, Cramer retired from his hedge fund in 2001, finishing with a 24% average annual return over 14 years and having routinely home $10 million a year and more. The fund was taken over by his former partner Jeff Berkowitz after Cramers retirement, Today, Cramer is barred by CNBC from trading stocks with his personal funds although he makes picks and sells his recommendations. In 1996 Cramer co-founded TheStreet, Inc. with The New Republic editor Martin Peretz, Cramer is currently a market commentator and adviser to the TheStreet, Inc. and is its second-largest shareholder
Jim Cramer
–
Cramer at Tulane University, October 19, 2010
37.
Mad Money
–
Mad Money is an American finance television program hosted by Jim Cramer that began airing on CNBC on March 14,2005. Its main focus is investment and speculation, particularly in publicly traded stocks, in a notable departure from the CNBC programming style prior to its arrival, Mad Money presents itself in an entertainment-style format rather than a news broadcasting one. Cramer defines mad money as the one can use to invest in stocks. Not retirement money, which you want in 401K or an IRA, Mad Money replaced Dylan Ratigans Bullseye for the 6 p. m. Eastern Time slot. On January 8,2007, CNBC began airing reruns of the show at 11 p. m. Eastern Time, on Monday through Friday, and at 4 a. m. In March 2012, the became a part of what was formerly branded as NBC All Night in the nominal 3,07 a. m. ET/2,07 a. m. timeslot on weeknights, replacing week-delayed repeats of NBCs late night talk shows, the NBC presentation displays the native widescreen HD picture, albeit with the CNBC Ticker space still filled in with gray windowboxing. Cramer is usually standing up with the fisheye lens Steadicam close to his face, while providing stock picks and his voice inflection often changes from calm to shouting then back to a calm tone. Cramer also throws various objects around the set, whenever one of his books is mentioned by a caller, he grabs the book, flashes it, and tosses it to the floor as a plug gag. In addition, he has a panel of oversized red buttons, the online version of the shows sound board is available at madmoney. cnbc. com. He also has small, plastic bulls which he has incorporated into his shows, after a large gain in the Dow, Cramer, dressed as a chef, chopped off the heads of the bears with a knife and placed them into a pan with onions and tomatoes. He called it a bear stir-fry or a bear souffle, on February 28,2006 he put his toy bulls through various kitchen appliances. And on May 17,2006, after a steep plunge of the Dow, the studio has also featured Cramer bobblehead dolls which utter phrases such as Are You Ready Skee-Daddy. Callers can receive a free bobblehead upon request and he will also throw the flag when a caller unethically uses the national television audience to promote a stock for self-interest. If a caller rambles on about a stock, Cramer will lie down on the floor of the set with a pillow and blanket, on the May 19,2006 episode, Cramer had a monkey named Ka-ching make an appearance on the show. Ka-ching wore a CNBC T-shirt, sat in Cramers chair, pressed the buttons that sound effects. In October 2006, a customized Daktronics BB-2122 scoreboard was installed, featuring drawings of bulls on the left, on the pre-taped shows which are re-run on days Cramer takes vacation, it shows an impossible date, with the digits displayed often representing the phone number to the show. The Daktronics BB-2122 scoreboard is not used during Back to School road shows, in June 2011, the Mad Money sets original glass panels were replaced with video walls
Mad Money
–
The Mad Money set from 2005 to 2013
Mad Money
–
Mad Money with Jim Cramer
Mad Money
–
Close-up of Cramer's sound-effect-button set
Mad Money
38.
British Board of Film Classification
–
It has a statutory requirement to classify videos, DVDs and, to a lesser extent, some video games under the Video Recordings Act 2010. The immediate impetus for the Boards formation stemmed from the surrounding the release in the UK in October 1912 of the film From the Manger to the Cross. The film, shown at the Queens Hall, London, gained considerable publicity from an outcry in the Daily Mail. And waxed indignant about the profits for its American film producers, although the clergy were invited to see it and found little to be affronted by, the controversy resulted in the voluntary creation of the BBFC, which began operating on 1 January 1913. The Boards legal basis was the Cinematograph Act 1909, which required cinemas to have licences from local authorities. Given that the law now allowed councils to grant or refuse licences to cinemas according to the content of the films they showed, the 1909 Act therefore enabled the introduction of censorship. The Boards offices were originally at 133-135 Oxford Street, London, the building is located at the junction of Wardour Street, some decisions from the early years are now subjected to derision. Informal links, to varying degrees of closeness, have been maintained between the BBFC and the Government throughout the Boards existence, in the period before the Second World War, an extensive but unofficial system of political censorship was implemented by the BBFC for the Home Office. This trend reached its climax during the 1930s, following protests from the German Embassy after the release of a film depicting the execution of Edith Cavell, intense political pressure was brought to bear on the BBFC by the Home Office. A system of script vetting was introduced, whereby British studios were invited to submit screenplays to the BBFC before shooting started. The increasing climate of post-war liberalism ensured that from the 1950s onwards, controversies involving the BBFC centred more on depictions of sex, in 1984 the organisation changed its name to reflect the fact that classification plays a far larger part in the Boards work than censorship. At that time it was responsibility for classifying videos for hire or purchase to view in the home as well as films shown in cinemas. The horror in both came through largely in their detailed prose. Had the game publishers reprinted the text in book form, it would not have carried a certificate. The first video game to be refused classification by the BBFC was Carmageddon in 1997, in June 2007, Manhunt 2 was refused classification in both its PlayStation 2 and Wii versions, meaning that the game was illegal to sell or supply. A modified version was made that was accepted by the ESRB but was refused classification from the BBFC. The second decision was overturned by the Video Appeals Committee. On 16 June 2009, the UKs Department of Culture, Media and Sport ruled in favour of the PEGI system to be the classification system for videogames
British Board of Film Classification
–
British Board of Film Classification
39.
Box Office Mojo
–
Box Office Mojo is a website that tracks box office revenue in a systematic, algorithmic way, founded in 1999. In 2008, Box Office Mojo was bought by the Internet Movie Database, the website is widely used within the film industry as a source of data. From 2002–11, Box Office Mojo had forums popular with film fans, on October 10,2014, the websites URL was redirected to Amazons IMDB. com website for one day, but the website returned the following day without explanation. Brandon Gray began the site in 1999, in 2002, Gray partnered with Sean Saulsbury and grew the site to nearly two million readers. In July 2008, the company was purchased by Amazon. com through its subsidiary, Box Office Mojo had forums with more than 16,500 registered users. On November 2,2011 the forums were closed along with any user accounts. Tracking is still very closely to the day by day, actual tabulation of distributors. The site also creates an overall chart, combining all box office returns from around the world, excluding the United States. The overall weekend chart currently tracks the Top 40 films as well as approximately fifty additional films with no ranking, the site additionally has yearly and all time features for its various territories. Box Office Mojo was as of June 2009 reporting limited data from overseas and is work on improvements, most of the international charts have not been updated since November 2014. On October 10,2014, all traffic to Box Office Mojo was redirected to IMDbs box office page, queries about the closure to IMDb and Amazon representatives were met with no response. Neither Brandon Gray, who founded the website but left several years ago after its sale to Amazon, nor Ray Subers, on Ray Subers Twitter account, he revealed the websites return, but also stated he would not answer any questions pertaining to closure. Subers subsequently left the website seven months later
Box Office Mojo
–
Box Office Mojo homepage
40.
Deadline.com
–
Deadline. com, official name Deadline Hollywood, and previously known as news blog Deadline Hollywood Daily, is an online magazine founded by Nikki Finke in 2006. Owned by Jay Penske since 2009, it is a brand of the Penske Media Corporation, the site is updated several times a day, with the infotainment industry as its focus. Finke began writing her LA Weekly column Deadline Hollywood in June 2002, in 2009, she sold DHD to Mail. com Media for a reported seven-figure payday, under an agreement by which she would hire an additional writer but remain the sites editor. In September 2009, the URL was changed to deadline. com, in November 2013, Finke left Deadline after a year-long disagreement between herself and Penske, who had bought Variety, a competing trade magazine and website. In 2010, Nikki Finke hired Variety reporter Mike Fleming Jr. Finke remained the editor of Deadline Hollywood, official website About Deadline. com at PMC
Deadline.com
–
Deadline.com
41.
Fandango (ticket service)
–
Fandango is an American corporation that sells movie tickets via the telephone and the Internet. Fandango charges a premium to use its services, ranging from 75¢ to $2.50, initially, seating was promised for sold-out shows, but this feature was discontinued for most theaters, as not all were equipped to handle reserved seating and will call lines. With ticket prices in areas exceeding US$10. Fandangos advertisements play before previews at participating movie-theater chains and feature lunch bag puppets telling various one- or two-line jokes and riddles centering on the companys name, the company also produced an advertising segment that is based on the song, We are the World. Fandangos website also offers exclusive film clips, trailers, celebrity interviews, reviews by users, movie descriptions, as of March 5,2015, Fandango provides customers with memberships the ability to refund or exchange their orders 2 hours before the showtime of their film. Fandangos Android app was listed among Techlands 50 Best Android Applications for 2013. Industry revenue increased rapidly for years after the companys formation. However, as the Internet grew in popularity, small- and medium-sized movie-theater chains began to offer independent ticket sale capabilities through their own websites. In addition, a new paradigm of moviegoers printing their own tickets at home emerged, in services offered by PrintTixUSA and by point-of-sale software vendor operated web sites like ticketmakers. com. On April 11,2007, Comcast acquired Fandango, with plans to integrate it into a new entertainment website called Fancast. com, in June 2008, the domain Movies. com was acquired from Disney. With Comcasts purchase of a stake in NBCUniversal in January 2011, Fandango, in March 2012, Fandango announced a partnership with Yahoo. Movies, becoming the official online and mobile ticketer serving over 30 million registered users of the Yahoo. service, as part of the deal, Warner Bros. would become a 30% shareholder of the combined Fandango company. In December 2016, Fandango Media purchased Cinepapaya, a Peru-based website for purchasing movie tickets, Fandango is one of two major online advance movie ticket sale sites, along with MovieTickets. com. Along with other partners, Regal founded Fandango partly to prevent the older MovieTickets. com from establishing a monopoly on phone and online ticketing services. Its advertising agency reportedly decided on its name because it sounded fun, kinetic and smart, easily pronounce, mergers of movie chains have complicated matters regarding which company provides online ticketing for a particular chain. Upon Regals acquisition of Consolidated Theatres, that chain was under contract to MovieTickets. com, on the other hand, Regals acquisition of the Hoyts chain resulted in Fandango taking over their online ticketing. Prior to 2012, Fandango did not provide online ticketing for many AMC Theaters, as of February 8,2012, Fandango began providing ticketing for all AMC Theaters in the US, after which MovieTickets. coms fellow shareholders sued AMC for breach of contract. AMC and MovieTickets. com settled in 2013, with an agreement that the theater chains online ticketing would be available on both Fandango and MovieTickets. com, in May 2012, Fandango announced a partnership with Moviefone, former partner of MovieTickets. com
Fandango (ticket service)
–
Fandango
42.
IMDb
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In 1998 it became a subsidiary of Amazon Inc, who were then able to use it as an advertising resource for selling DVDs and videotapes. As of January 2017, IMDb has approximately 4.1 million titles and 7.7 million personalities in its database, the site enables registered users to submit new material and edits to existing entries. Although all data is checked before going live, the system has open to abuse. The site also featured message boards which stimulate regular debates and dialogue among authenticated users, IMDb shutdown the message boards permanently on February 20,2017. Anyone with a connection can read the movie and talent pages of IMDb. A registration process is however, to contribute info to the site. A registered user chooses a name for themselves, and is given a profile page. These badges range from total contributions made, to independent categories such as photos, trivia, bios, if a registered user or visitor happens to be in the entertainment industry, and has an IMDb page, that user/visitor can add photos to that page by enrolling in IMDbPRO. Actors, crew, and industry executives can post their own resume and this fee enrolls them in a membership called IMDbPro. PRO can be accessed by anyone willing to pay the fee, which is $19.99 USD per month, or if paid annually, $149.99, which comes to approximately $12.50 per month USD. Membership enables a user to access the rank order of each industry personality, as well as agent contact information for any actor, producer, director etc. that has an IMDb page. Enrolling in PRO for industry personnel, enables those members the ability to upload a head shot to open their page, as well as the ability to upload hundreds of photos to accompany their page. Anyone can register as a user, and contribute to the site as well as enjoy its content, however those users enrolled in PRO have greater access and privileges. IMDb originated with a Usenet posting by British film fan and computer programmer Col Needham entitled Those Eyes, others with similar interests soon responded with additions or different lists of their own. Needham subsequently started an Actors List, while Dave Knight began a Directors List, and Andy Krieg took over THE LIST from Hank Driskill, which would later be renamed the Actress List. Both lists had been restricted to people who were alive and working, the goal of the participants now was to make the lists as inclusive as possible. By late 1990, the lists included almost 10,000 movies and television series correlated with actors and actresses appearing therein. On October 17,1990, Needham developed and posted a collection of Unix shell scripts which could be used to search the four lists, at the time, it was known as the rec. arts. movies movie database
IMDb
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Internet Movie Database (IMDb)
43.
Turner Classic Movies
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Turner Classic Movies is an American movie-oriented basic cable and satellite television network owned by the Turner Broadcasting System subsidiary of Time Warner. TCM is headquartered at the Techwood Campus in Atlanta, Georgias Midtown business district, historically, the channels programming consisted mainly of featured classic theatrically released feature films from the Turner Entertainment film library – which comprises films from Warner Bros. However, TCM now has licensing deals with other Hollywood film studios as well as its Time Warner sister company, Warner Bros. and occasionally shows more recent films. The channel is available in United States, Canada, United Kingdom, Ireland, Latin America, France, Spain, Nordic countries, Middle East, Africa and Asia-Pacific. In 1986, eight years before the launch of Turner Classic Movies, concerns over Turner Entertainments corporate debt load resulted in Turner selling the studio that October back to Kirk Kerkorian, from whom Turner had purchased the studio less than a year before. As part of the deal, Turner Entertainment retained ownership of MGMs library of films released up to May 9,1986, Turner Broadcasting System was split into two companies, Turner Broadcasting System and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and reincorporated as MGM/UA Communications Co. The film library of Turner Entertainment would serve as the form of programming for TCM upon the networks launch. After the library was acquired, MGM/UA signed a deal with Turner to continue distributing the pre-May 1986 MGM and to begin distributing the pre-1950 Warner Bros. film libraries for video release. Turner Classic Movies debuted on April 14,1994, at 6,00 p. m. Eastern Time, the date and time were chosen for their historical significance as the exact centennial anniversary of the first public movie showing in New York City. The first movie broadcast on TCM was the 1939 film Gone with the Wind, at the time of its launch, TCM was available to approximately one million cable television subscribers. AMC had broadened its content to feature colorized and more recent films by 2002. In the early 90s AMC abandoned its format, leaving TCM as the only movie-oriented cable channel to devote its programming entirely to classic films without commercial interruption. In 1996, Turner Broadcasting System merged with Time Warner, which besides placing Turner Classic Movies, in March 1999, MGM paid Warner Bros. and gave up the home video rights to the MGM/UA films owned by Turner to Warner Home Video. In 2008, TCM won a Peabody Award for excellence in broadcasting, in April 2010, Turner Classic Movies held the first TCM Classic Film Festival, an event – now held annually – at the Graumans Chinese Theater and the Graumans Egyptian Theater in Hollywood. In 2007, some of the films featured on TCM were made available for streaming on TCMs website. The networks programming season runs from February until the following March of each year when a retrospective of Oscar-winning and Oscar-nominated movies is shown, called 31 Days of Oscar. Turner Classic Movies presents many of its features in their original aspect ratio whenever possible – widescreen films broadcast on TCM are letterboxed on the standard definition feed. TCM also regularly presents widescreen presentations of films not available in the format on any video release
Turner Classic Movies
–
Robert Osborne at the 73rd Annual Peabody Awards
44.
Trailer (promotion)
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A trailer is an advertisement or a commercial for a feature film that will be exhibited in the future at a cinema, the result of creative and technical work. The term trailer comes from their having originally been shown at the end of a film screening. That practice did not last long, because patrons tended to leave the theater after the films ended, trailers are now shown before the film begins. Movie trailers have now become popular on DVDs and Blu-rays, as well as on the Internet, of some 10 billion videos watched online annually, film trailers rank third, after news and user-created video. The trailer format has also adopted as a promotional tool for television shows, video games, books. Trailers were initially shown after, or trailing, the feature film, the practice was found to be somewhat ineffective, often ignored by audiences who left immediately after the feature. Later, exhibitors changed their practice and trailers were only one part of the program which included cartoon shorts, newsreels. Most trailers had some form of narration and those that did featured stentorian voices, in the early 1960s, the face of motion picture trailers changed. Textless, montage trailers and quick-editing became popular, largely due to the arrival of the new Hollywood and techniques that were becoming increasingly popular in television. Among the trend setters were Stanley Kubrick with his montage trailers for Lolita, Dr. Strangelove or, How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb, and 2001, A Space Odyssey. Kubricks main inspiration for the Dr. Strangelove trailer was the short film Very Nice, as more and more animated films were produced, the need for outstanding voice actors steadily progressed not only for the movies but also for movie trailers, commercials, and promos. Thus, the industry saw a number of professional voice artists. One of the most famous voice personalities for the generation is Don LaFontaine who recorded hundreds of thousands of commercials. LaFontaine recorded his first voice over in 1962 for a movie trailer, from then on, he was able to set the standard for how movie trailers were written and voiced, literally becoming the voice of the movies. Most VHS tapes would play them at the beginning of the tape, VHS tapes that contained trailers at the end usually reminded the viewer to Stay tuned after the feature for more previews. With DVDs and Blu-rays, trailers can operate as a bonus feature instead of having to watch through the trailers before the movie, trailers consist of a series selected shots from the film being advertised. For this purpose the scenes are not necessarily in the order in which appear in the film. A trailer has to achieve that in less than 2 minutes and 30 seconds, each studio or distributor is allowed to exceed this time limit once a year, if they feel it is necessary for a particular film
Trailer (promotion)
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Screenshot from a film trailer for the 1956 film
Attack!.
Trailer (promotion)
Trailer (promotion)
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Walt Disney in a 1937 color film trailer for
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs.
Trailer (promotion)
–
Screenshot from film trailer for
North by Northwest
45.
Twitter
–
Twitter is an online news and social networking service where users post and interact with messages, tweets, restricted to 140 characters. Registered users can post tweets, but those who are unregistered can only read them, users access Twitter through its website interface, SMS or a mobile device app. Twitter Inc. is based in San Francisco, California, United States, Twitter was created in March 2006 by Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz Stone, and Evan Williams and launched in July. The service rapidly gained worldwide popularity, in 2012, more than 100 million users posted 340 million tweets a day, and the service handled an average of 1.6 billion search queries per day. In 2013, it was one of the ten most-visited websites and has described as the SMS of the Internet. As of 2016, Twitter had more than 319 million monthly active users. On the day of the 2016 U. S. presidential election, Twitter proved to be the largest source of breaking news, Twitters origins lie in a daylong brainstorming session held by board members of the podcasting company Odeo. Jack Dorsey, then a student at New York University. The original project name for the service was twttr, an idea that Williams later ascribed to Noah Glass, inspired by Flickr. The developers initially considered 10958 as a code, but later changed it to 40404 for ease of use. Work on the project started on March 21,2006, when Dorsey published the first Twitter message at 9,50 PM Pacific Standard Time, Dorsey has explained the origin of the Twitter title. we came across the word twitter, and it was just perfect. The definition was a short burst of inconsequential information, and chirps from birds, and thats exactly what the product was. The first Twitter prototype, developed by Dorsey and contractor Florian Weber, was used as a service for Odeo employees. Williams fired Glass, who was silent about his part in Twitters startup until 2011, Twitter spun off into its own company in April 2007. Williams provided insight into the ambiguity that defined this early period in a 2013 interview, With Twitter and they called it a social network, they called it microblogging, but it was hard to define, because it didnt replace anything. There was this path of discovery with something like that, where over time you figure out what it is, Twitter actually changed from what we thought it was in the beginning, which we described as status updates and a social utility. It is that, in part, but the insight we eventually came to was Twitter was really more of an information network than it is a social network, the tipping point for Twitters popularity was the 2007 South by Southwest Interactive conference. During the event, Twitter usage increased from 20,000 tweets per day to 60,000, the Twitter people cleverly placed two 60-inch plasma screens in the conference hallways, exclusively streaming Twitter messages, remarked Newsweeks Steven Levy
Twitter
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A blueprint sketch, c. 2006, by
Jack Dorsey, envisioning an
SMS -based
social network.
Twitter
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Twitter's homepage as of August 2015 (only in select countries)
Twitter
–
Jack Dorsey, a co-founder and the chairman of Twitter, in 2009
Twitter
–
Twitter's San Francisco, California headquarters, as seen from a corner on Market Street
46.
Little Man Tate
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Little Man Tate is a 1991 drama film directed by and starring Jodie Foster. The film marked her directorial debut and it tells the story of a seven-year-old child prodigy, Fred Tate, who struggles to self-actualize in a social and psychological construct that largely fails to accommodate his intelligence. Foster plays Freds mother Dede Tate, who attempts to give her son a normal childhood while feeding his intellectual curiosity, Dede Tate is a single mother, a working-class woman of average intelligence raising her seven-year-old son, Fred, who shows every indication of being a genius. Freds reading and mathematics abilities are remarkable, and he plays the piano at competition level, Freds intellect comes to the attention of Jane Grierson, a former music prodigy and now a psychologist running a school for gifted children. She seeks permission from Dede to admit Fred to the school in order to develop his intellectual gifts in a way that a school cannot. Dede is reluctant, preferring that Fred have a normal upbringing but when no one comes to Freds seventh birthday party, Jane attempts to become more nurturing, but is unable to relate to Fred as anything other than a case study. An adult student named Eddie accidentally hits Fred with a globe when goofing around. To make it up to Fred, Eddie takes Fred out for a ride on his moped and shows him events like shooting pool, however, when Fred by mistake comes to Eddies room when he is in bed with a coed, Fred runs out. Eddie chases after him, then says he cannot be a babysitter to Fred, while he enjoys Freds company, the return to isolation takes a toll on Fred, as he suffers from nightmares where he is viewed as a freak. Jane is asked to bring Fred onto a panel show on the topic of gifted children. He claims his mother is dead, and recites a poem before taking off his microphone. Dede witnesses some of this as it is broadcast and flies back to New York, Jane is unable to find Fred, but Dede discovers him back at their apartment and embraces him. One year later, Fred has adjusted to the pressures of being a child genius, Dede hosts a well attended birthday party for him, reconciling Freds emotional development with his intellect. Jodie Foster - Dede Tate Dianne Wiest - Jane Grierson Adam Hann-Byrd - Fred Tate Harry Connick Jr, York - Infant Fred Tate Carolyn Lawrence - Sorority Girl Most of the film was shot in Over-the-Rhine and downtown Cincinnati. Little Man Tate received positive reviews critics, as it holds a 76% rating on Rotten Tomatoes based on 25 reviews. The film grossed about $25 million, Little Man Tate at the Internet Movie Database Little Man Tate at AllMovie Little Man Tate at Rotten Tomatoes
Little Man Tate
–
Theatrical release poster
47.
The Beaver (film)
–
The Beaver is a 2011 drama film directed by Jodie Foster and written by Kyle Killen. This film stars Mel Gibson, Foster, Anton Yelchin, and this is Gibson and Fosters first film together since 1994s Maverick and Summit Entertainments only film to have Entertainment One not distribute it within the UK. Walter Black is a depressed CEO of Jerry Co. a toy company nearing bankruptcy and he is kicked out by his wife, to the relief of their elder son Porter. After unsuccessful suicide attempts, he develops an alternate personality represented by a hand puppet found in the trash. He wears the puppet constantly, communicating solely by speaking as the beaver and he reestablishes a bond with his younger son Henry and then with his wife, although not with Porter. He also becomes successful again at work by creating a line of Mr. Beaver Building Kits for kids, Porter, who gets paid to write papers for schoolmates, is asked by Norah to write her graduation speech. He gets emotionally attached to Norah but his fathers actions with the beaver puppet embarrass him, Walters wife moves out of the house with the children, because he lied to her about the puppet being part of a treatment plan monitored by his psychiatrist. She feels she can no longer communicate with her husband and that he is suffering from an identity disorder. Part of Walters personality realizes what he has put his family through and wants to get rid of the beaver to get together with his family. Walter finally takes the puppet out of his life by cutting off his arm at the elbow and he gets a prosthetic hand and is placed in a psychiatric hospital. She starts the speech he wrote, but stops and admits publicly that she did not write it herself and she switches to explain the value of truth and her trauma caused by her brothers death some years ago. Porter realizes the value of his father and reunites with him, Walter Black becomes himself again and returns to a normal life. Mel Gibson as Walter Black, a depressed and troubled husband/The Beaver, a portion of the movie was filmed at White Plains Senior High School in White Plains, New York. Filming was completed in November 2009, before Gibson was hired, Steve Carell and Jim Carrey were both signed on to star at different stages of production. The film marked a return to New York state for Mel Gibson since he, the Beaver had its world premiere at the South by Southwest film festival on March 16,2011, where the Los Angeles Times reported that it was given a relatively warm embrace. The film had a release in 22 theaters on May 9,2011. Over its opening weekend, the film grossed $107,577, Entertainment Weekly and several media outlets reported that the films box office performance was a flop with a haul of only $4,890 per theater against its production budget of $21 million. The Beaver was the worst debut for a Foster-directed film, michael Cieply of The New York Times observed on June 5,2011, that the film had cleared just about $1 million, making it a certified flop
The Beaver (film)
–
Theatrical release poster
The Beaver (film)
–
Mel Gibson and
Jodie Foster promoting the film at the
2011 Cannes Film Festival.
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