1.
Mountbatten family
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The Mountbatten family is a European dynasty originating as a branch of the German princely Battenberg family. The name was adopted during World War I by family members residing in the United Kingdom due to rising anti-German sentiment amongst the British public, the name is an Anglicisation of the German Battenberg, a small town in Hesse. The title of count of Battenberg, later prince of Battenberg, was granted to a branch of the House of Hesse-Darmstadt, itself a cadet branch of the House of Hesse. The family now includes the Marquesses of Carisbrooke and Milford Haven, Lady Louise Mountbatten became Queen Consort of Sweden, after having married Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden. The Mountbatten family are a branch of the German house of Battenberg, the Battenberg family was a morganatic branch of the House of Hesse-Darmstadt, rulers of the Grand Duchy of Hesse in Germany. Julia was elevated in her title to Princess of Battenberg with the style Serene Highness in 1858, two of Alexander and Julias sons, Prince Henry of Battenberg and Prince Louis of Battenberg, became associated with the British Royal Family. Prince Henry married The Princess Beatrice, the youngest daughter of Queen Victoria, Prince Louis married Victorias granddaughter, Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine, and became the First Sea Lord of the Royal Navy. Their cousin, George V compensated the princes with British peerages, Prince Louis became the 1st Marquess of Milford Haven, while Prince Alexander, Prince Henrys eldest son, became the 1st Marquess of Carisbrooke. The marquessate of Milford Haven was created in 1917 for Prince Louis of Battenberg, the former First Sea Lord, and he was at the same time made Earl of Medina and Viscount Alderney, also in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. Louis Mountbatten, 1st Marquess of Milford Haven m, Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine Princess Alice of Battenberg m. Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark Princess Margarita of Greece and Denmark m, gottfried, Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg Princess Theodora of Greece and Denmark m. Berthold, Margrave of Baden Princess Cecilie of Greece and Denmark m, georg Donatus, Hereditary Grand Duke of Hesse Princess Sophie of Greece and Denmark m. Prince George William of Hanover Prince Philip of Greece and Denmark, Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden George Mountbatten, 2nd Marquess of Milford Haven m. Countess Nadejda Mikhailovna de Torby Lady Tatiana Mountbatten David Mountbatten, 3rd Marquess of Milford Haven m, janet Mercedes Bryce George Mountbatten, 4th Marquess of Milford Haven m. Clare Steel Lady Tatiana Mountbatten Henry Mountbatten, Earl of Medina Lord Ivar Mountbatten m, penelope Anne Vere Thompson div.2011 Ella Mountbatten Alexandra Mountbatten Louise Mountbatten Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma m. Edwina Ashley Patricia Knatchbull, 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma m, John Knatchbull, 7th Baron Brabourne Lady Pamela Hicks m. On his accession in 1950 as Gustaf VI Adolf of Sweden, the letters patent creating the title specified the following special remainder to his daughters. Both of these titles, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, have the special remainder as the Earldom
2.
Earl Mountbatten of Burma
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Earl Mountbatten of Burma is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created in 1947 for Rear Admiral Louis Mountbatten, 1st Viscount Mountbatten of Burma, the letters patent creating the title specified the following special remainder. to his eldest daughter Patricia Edwina Victoria, Baroness Brabourne. As a result, Lord Mountbattens eldest daughter Patricia succeeded as the Countess Mountbatten of Burma upon the formers death. Should the legitimate line of descent of the 2nd Countess Mountbatten of Burma become extinct, the peerages will be inherited by her sister, Lady Pamela Hicks. Should the legitimate line of both sisters become extinct, the peerages will become extinct. The subsidiary titles of the Earldom are, Viscount Mountbatten of Burma, of Romsey in the County of Southampton, both of these titles, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, have the same special remainder as the Earldom. Lord Romsey was the title by which Lady Mountbatten of Burmas eldest son. The family seat is Newhouse Manor, near Ashford, Kent, the heir apparent is the present holders eldest son Norton Louis Philip Knatchbull, 8th Baron Brabourne
3.
RAF Mount Batten
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RAF Mount Batten was a Royal Air Force station and flying boat base at Mount Batten, a peninsula in Plymouth Sound, Devon, England. Originally a seaplane station opened in 1917 as a Royal Navy Air Service Station Cattewater it became RAF Cattewater in 1918, the station motto was In Honour Bound which is the motto of the Mountbatten family. As early as 1913 the sheltered Cattewater in Plymouth Sound was used for seaplane trials, in February 1917 RNAS Cattewater was opened. It had a hangar for aircraft, storage and maintenance and a pier with a railway track that enabled a steam crane to place the seaplanes in. The first aircraft based there were the Short 184 and these were followed by other seaplanes. Operational flying was carried out from Cattewater, mainly coastal patrols, with the formation in April 1918 of the Royal Air Force the station became RAF Cattewater. The station was used but in 1919 the station became notable with the arrival of the Curtiss NC4 flying boat making the first aerial crossing of the Atlantic. From 1923 the station was re-built and extended and was re-opened in 1928, on 1 October 1928, following re-building, the old Cattewater seaplane station was opened as RAF Mount Batten. The main reason for the new station was to provide a base for flying boats to defend south-west England, the first squadron became operational with the Supermarine Southampton. The station also became a base for high-speed air sea rescue launches on which, in the 1930s, was employed Aircraftman Shaw, better known as T. E. Lawrence, who had suggested the change of name. The base is named after Captain Batten, a Civil War commander who defended this area at the time with the Mountbatten family motto taken as the stations motto. With the start of the Second World War there was an increase in operational flying from Mount Batten and it was also the target for a number of German air raids including the destruction of one of the hangars and a Short Sunderland on 28 November 1940. At the end of the war the Australian squadron departed for home, at the end of the 1950s the station became the Marine Craft Training School and from 1961 became the main base of the RAF Marine Branch, with the closure of No.238 MU, Calshot. Although without any aircraft, the became the centre for both marine craft until the marine branch closed in 1986 and the School of Survival until it moved in 1992. It also housed No.3 Maritime Headquarters Unit of the Royal Auxiliary Air Force providing Communications and Operations Room personnel. 209 Squadron operated the aircraft types Blackburn Iris III, Saro A.7, Blackburn Iris IV, Singapore II, Southampton II, Perth, Saro London I, Supermarine Stranraer. Jefford MBE, Wg Cdr C G. RAF Squadrons, a comprehensive record of the movement and equipment of all RAF squadrons and their antecedents since 1912. Mount Batten, Flying Boat Base Plymouth 1913-1986
4.
Plymouth Hoe
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Plymouth Hoe, referred to locally as the Hoe, is a large south facing open public space in the English coastal city of Plymouth. The Hoe is adjacent to and above the low cliffs that form the seafront and it commands views of Plymouth Sound, Drakes Island. The name derives from the Anglo-Saxon word Hoe, a sloping ridge shaped like an inverted foot, until the early 17th century large outline images of the giants Gog and Magog had for a long time been cut into the turf of the Hoe exposing the white limestone beneath. These figures were periodically re-cut and cleaned, the British Library holds a 1591 Spry map of Plimmouth from this era. Its purpose was to protect the port and probably also to intimidate the townsfolk who had leaned towards Parliament during the Civil War and it remains occupied by the military. From 1880 there was a bandstand on the Hoe. It was removed for scrap metal during the Second World War, a three tier belvedere built in 1891 survives, it was built on the site of a camera obscura, probably built in the 1830s, which showed views of the harbour. Below this site was the Bull Ring, and a pleasure pier, started in 1880, which provided a dance hall, refreshment, promenading. The pier was destroyed by German bombing in World War II, a prominent landmark on the Hoe is Smeatons Tower. This is the portion of John Smeatons Eddystone Lighthouse, which was originally built on the Eddystone Rocks in 1759. It was dismantled in 1877 and moved, stone by stone, Smeatons Tower overlooks Tinside Pool, an unusual 1930s outdoor lido which sits upon the limestone shoreline at the base of the cliff. Most of the works to create the areas and Madeira Road were carried out to make work for the local unemployed during the Depression. A statue of Sir Francis Drake by Joseph Boehm was placed here in 1884 to commemorate him, there are also several war memorials along the northern side of the Hoe. The Armada Memorial was opened in 1888 to celebrate the tercentenary of the Spanish Armada, below and to the east, perched on the rocky foreshore is the clubhouse of the Royal Plymouth Corinthian Yacht Club. The Hoe is an area for Plymothians and visitors. The Fastnet yacht race ends here, the annual two-day British Firework Championships attracts tens of thousands of spectators. For forty years, there has been controversy about development on the edges of the Hoe green space. The erection of two discount hotel chain box buildings, at the end of Armada Way and the other at the Sound end of Leigham Street
5.
Peninsula
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A peninsula is a piece of land surrounded by water on the majority of its border, while being connected to a mainland from which it extends out. Examples include the upper and lower peninsulas of the state of Michigan, the surrounding water is usually understood to be continuous, though not necessarily named as a single body of water. Peninsulas are not always named as such, one can also be a headland, cape, island promontory, bill, point, a point is generally considered a tapering piece of land projecting into a body of water that is less prominent than a cape. A river which courses through a very tight meander is also said to form a peninsula within the loop of water. In English, the plural of peninsula is peninsulas or, less commonly, peninsulas can be found on coastlines and in smaller bodies of water throughout the world, ranging in scale from square meters to millions of square kilometers. Theres the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe, and in Southern Europe theres the Iberian Peninsula, the Italian Peninsula, south America has the Brunswick Peninsula, and Antarctica has the Antarctic Peninsula. In Africa, theres the Horn of Africa, and in Australia, asia has the 3 largest peninsulas in the world, the Arabian Peninsula, the Indian Peninsula, and the Indochinese Peninsula
6.
Plymouth Sound
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Plymouth Sound, or locally just The Sound, is a bay on the English Channel at Plymouth in England. Its southwest and southeast corners are Penlee Point in Cornwall and Wembury Point in Devon and its northern limit is Plymouth Hoe giving a north-south distance of nearly 3 nautical miles. The Sound has three water entrances, the marine entrance is from the English Channel to the south, with a deep-water channel to the west of the Plymouth Breakwater. There are two inlets, one, from the northwest, is from the River Tamar via the Hamoaze and Devonport Dockyard. The other, at northeast, is from the River Plym disgorging into its narrow estuary, in addition to ships of the Royal Navy, large commercial vessels, including ferries to France and Spain use the Sound from Millbay Docks. Fishing vessels use it from Sutton Harbour beside the old town of Plymouth, there are marinas at Sutton Harbour, Mount Wise in the Hamoaze and at Turnchapel. Waterborne traffic in the Sound is controlled by the Queens Harbour Master for Plymouth, in the centre of the Sound, midway between Bovisand Bay and Cawsand Bay, is Plymouth Breakwater, which creates a harbour protecting anchored ships from the frequent south-western storms. The breakwater is around 1,700 yards long, stands in around 11 metres /36 feet of water and was built by John Rennie, the breakwater has a 23-metre-tall lighthouse on its western end and a 9-metre-tall beacon with a spherical cage on top at the eastern end. It is said that the cage is a device designed to keep wrecked sailors from drowning in the huge waves of a storm on the low-lying breakwater. Drakes Island is 400 metres long and around 100 metres wide and it was fortified to defend Drakes Channel, the only deep-water route to Devonport. The Bridge is a reef that links Drakes Island and the Cornish mainland. At low water the depth of the Bridge can be less than one metre, in World War I this natural barrier was supplemented by other obstructions to prevent submarines and small ships attacking the naval base. Mount Batten, a former Royal Air Force flying boat and search, T. E. Lawrence was stationed here as Aircraftman Shaw. Over the years, the Sound has been defended by Drakes Island, Picklecombe Fort, Cawsand Fort, a harbour and reservoir were built at Bovisand before the fort existed to supply men-o-war anchored in the Sound with fresh water. Joseph Whidbey supervised the building of the Breakwater from Bovisand Lodge, the Titanic was supposed to have docked here briefly on its return voyage to Britain, and the ship had a painting of Plymouth sound on board. This event caused a local and national sensation as thousands took to the water, several paintings in Londons National Maritime Museum document the event, such as the one shown here. The Sound has been the site of a number of crashes and shipwrecks, Die Fraumetta Catharina von Flensburg. The P&O ship Nepaul sank on the Shagstone in December 1890, a Short Sunderland flying boat crashed in March 1942 between the Breakwater Fort and the breakwater lighthouse killing five passengers
7.
Plymouth Development Corporation
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It had an indicative budget of £45 million and a lifetime of five years. Although subject to criticism for financial irregularities, it laid the foundation for improvements that continued for years after it was wound up. The chairman was Vice-Admiral Sir Robert Gerken, a former Flag Officer at Plymouth, with deputy John Ingham, three sites were designated and they were all on the waterfront. They were, part of Stonehouse, including the Royal William Victualling Yard, the nearby Mount Wise area, moD land at all three sites was transferred to the PDC. The Royal William Victualling Yard was built in the early 19th century and is one of the countrys most architecturally significant groups of maritime buildings, all Grade I listed. Development of the Yard was the single largest aspect of the remit. The chief executive of the PDC was John Collinson, former property director of the Black Country Development Corporation, the committee also censured the corporation for poor stewardship of public funds and said that it had lost control over the expenditure of public funds. However one of the companies that had been criticised by the Public Accounts Committee complained that its report contained errors and not all the evidence had not been considered. Following this, the National Audit Office, which had provided much of the evidence for the report, by October 1996, The Times was reporting that the PDC had made little real progress. Expected to be completed in three years, the project was anticipated to create 500 new jobs and attract over 2 million visitors in its first year, boosting the citys economy by £40m. However English Heritage criticised the plans as being fundamentally in conflict with the character of the architecture, although several proposals were made by other companies, none had come to fruition by 2000. After the PDC was dissolved in 1998, the National Audit Office reported that during its lifetime it had built 11,900 m2 of commercial space and 99 homes. Private sector finance amounting to £8m had been leveraged in and 427 new jobs created, about 3 miles of new road and footpaths were put in place. A local newspaper reported that at the Royal William Yard the PDC had installed or reinstalled all main services, including telephone and it had also restored the swing bridge and refurbished the Brewhouse, and improved the road access to the yard. Following the winding-up of the corporation, responsibility for the Royal William Victualling Yard devolved to the South West of England Regional Development Agency. At Mount Batten, the built an access road costing £2m and redeveloped the headland with car parking, a safe public space with toilet facilities. Most of this work was complete by 2000, RUDI – Resource for Urban Design Information
8.
Marina
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A marina is a dock or basin with moorings and supplies for yachts and small boats. A marina differs from a port in that a marina does not handle large ships or cargo from freighters. The word marina is also used for inland wharves on rivers, marinas may be located along the banks of rivers connecting to lakes or seas and may be inland. They are also located on coastal harbors or coastal lagoons, either as stand alone facilities or within a port complex, a marina may have refueling, washing and repair facilities, marine and boat chandlers, stores and restaurants. A marina may include facilities such as parking lots for vehicles. Slipways transfer a trailered boat into the water, a marina may have a boat hoist well operated by service personnel. A marina may provide in- or out-of-water boat storage, fee-based services such as parking, use of picnic areas, pubs, and clubhouses for showers are usually included in long-term rental agreements. Visiting yachtsmen usually have the option of buying each amenity from a fixed schedule of fees, arrangements can be as wide as a use, such as a shower. The right to use the facilities is frequently extended at overnight or period rates to visiting yachtsmen, since marinas are often limited by available space, it may take years on a waiting list to get a permanent berth. Boats are moored on buoys, on fixed or floating walkways tied to an anchoring piling by a roller or ring mechanism, buoys are cheaper to rent but less convenient than being able to walk from land to boat. Harbor shuttles, may transfer people between the shore and boats moored on buoys, the alternative is a tender such as an inflatable boat. Facilities offering fuel, boat ramps and stores will normally have a common-use dock set aside for such short term parking needs, where the tidal range is large, marinas may use locks to maintain the water level for several hours before and after low water. Marinas may be owned and operated by a club, especially yacht clubs —. Marinas may be private businesses, components of a resort. List of marinas MARINA - Maritime Industry Authority
