The muezzin is the person who proclaims the call to the daily prayer (ṣalāt) five times a day at a mosque from the minaret. The muezzin plays an important role in ensuring an accurate prayer schedule for the Muslim community.
A United States Navy muezzin performing the adhan indoor with a microphone.
In the history of Islam, a muwaqqit was an astronomer tasked with the timekeeping and the regulation of prayer times in an Islamic institution like a mosque or a madrasa. Unlike the muezzin who was usually selected for his piety and voice, a muwaqqit was selected for his knowledge and skill in astronomy.
The muvakkithane ("lodge of the muwaqqit") in Hagia Sophia, Istanbul
The quadrant, often produced and used by muwaqqits.
The Mosque of Amr ibn al-As in Fustat (today part of Cairo), where the official title of muwaqqit was first recorded.
The Umayyad Mosque in Damascus, a major centre of muwaqqit activity in the 14th and 15th centuries.