The Mushrikites were the Arab polytheists who opposed the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his Muslims in the early 7th century. Their leaders were mostly from the Quraysh, but others also belonged to the Qays.

Abd Allah ibn Abi Quhafa, commonly known by his kunya Abu Bakr, was the first caliph, ruling from 632 until his death in 634. As a senior companion of Muhammad and, through his daughter Aisha, also his father-in-law, Abu Bakr is referred to with the honorific title al-Siddiq by Sunni Muslims.