Napier's bones is a manually-operated calculating device created by John Napier of Merchiston, Scotland for the calculation of products and quotients of numbers. The method was based on lattice multiplication, and also called rabdology, a word invented by Napier. Napier published his version in 1617. It was printed in Edinburgh and dedicated to his patron Alexander Seton.
A set of Napier's bones
An unusual 18th-century set of Napier's bones in which the numbers are on rotating cylinders rather than rods of square cross-section
John Napier of Merchiston, nicknamed Marvellous Merchiston, was a Scottish landowner known as a mathematician, physicist, and astronomer. He was the 8th Laird of Merchiston. His Latinized name was Ioannes Neper.
John Napier (1550–1617)
Statue of John Napier, Scottish National Portrait Gallery
Merchiston Castle from an 1834 woodcut
Memorial to John Napier in St Cuthbert's Church, Edinburgh