Nguyễn Phan Long was a Vietnamese journalist and politician who served as Prime Minister of the State of Vietnam from January to May in 1950. He was dismissed by the Head of State Bảo Đại under pressure from the French colonial authorities, who resented his pro-American and nationalist attitude.

Bảo Đại, born Nguyễn Phúc/Phước Vĩnh Thụy, was the 13th and final emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty, the last ruling dynasty of Vietnam. From 1926 to 1945, he was emperor of Annam and de jure monarch of Tonkin, which were then protectorates in French Indochina, covering the present-day central and northern Vietnam. Bảo Đại ascended the throne in 1932.