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Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot
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Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot was a French mechanical engineer in the French Army, military scientist and physicist, often described as the "father of thermodynamics". He published only one book, the Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire, in which he expressed the first successful theory of the maximum efficiency of heat engines and laid the foundations of the new discipline: thermodynamics. Carnot's work attracted little attention during his lifetime, but it was later used by Rudolf Clausius and Lord Kelvin to formalize the second law of thermodynamics and define the concept of entropy. Driven by purely technical concerns, such as improving the performance of the steam engine, Sadi Carnot's theoretical work laid important foundations for modern science as well as technologies such as the automobile and jet engine.
Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot in 1813 aged 17 in the traditional uniform of a student of the École Polytechnique
1890 copy of "Reflections on the Motive Power of Heat"
1890 copy of "Reflections on the Motive Power of Heat"
Title page of a 1890 copy of "Reflections on the Motive Power of Heat"
Title page of a 1890 copy of "Reflections on the Motive Power of Heat"
First page of the table of contents for a 1890 copy of "Reflections on the Motive Power of Heat"
First page of the table of contents for a 1890 copy of "Reflections on the Motive Power of Heat"
École polytechnique
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École polytechnique is a grande école located in Palaiseau, France. It specializes in science and engineering and is a founding member of the Polytechnic Institute of Paris.
A statue in the courtyard of the school commemorates the cadets of Polytechnique rushing to the defence of Paris in 1814. A copy was installed in West
The chemistry auditorium in the old building in the Quartier Latin, photographed by Jules David in 1904
The chemistry auditorium in the old building in the Quartier Latin, photographed by Jules David in 1904
Pediment of historical buildings, rue Descartes in Paris
Pediment of historical buildings, rue Descartes in Paris
Historical entrance of the École polytechnique Paris campus at the junction of the rue de la Montagne Saint-Genevieve and rue Descartes
Historical entrance of the École polytechnique Paris campus at the junction of the rue de la Montagne Saint-Genevieve and rue Descartes