Noodles are a type of food made from unleavened dough, rolled flat and cut, stretched or extruded, into long strips or strings. Noodles can be dried and stored for future use. Noodles are cooked in boiling water, sometimes with cooking oil or salt added, they are often pan-fried or deep-fried. Noodle dishes can include a sauce or noodles can be put into soup; the material composition and geocultural origin is specific to each type of a wide variety of noodles. Noodles are a staple food in many cultures; the word was derived in the 18th century from the German word Nudel. The origin of thin, string-like pieces of dough that are dried and cooked is hard to pinpoint. What is called noodles is sometimes only considered to be the modern East Asian variety and not the general type and correspondingly its origin is listed as Chinese, but when it includes pasta it becomes more controversial; the earliest written record of noodles in China is found in a book dated to the Eastern Han period. It became a staple food for the people of the Han dynasty.
Food historians estimate that pasta's origin is from among the Mediterranean countries: homogenous mixture of flour and water called itrion as described by 2nd century Greek physician Galen, among 3rd to 5th centuries Palestinians itrium as described by the Jerusalem Talmud and itriyya, string-like shapes made of semolina and dried before cooking as defined by the 9th century Aramean physician and lexicographer Isho bar Ali. In 2005 a team of Chinese archaeologists reported finding an earthenware bowl that contained remains of 4000-year-old noodles at the Lajia archaeological site; the findings were said to resemble a type of Chinese noodle. Analyzing the husk phytoliths and starch grains present in the sediment associated with the noodles, they were identified as millet belonging to Panicum miliaceum and Setaria italica; the findings being noodles was disputed because millet, being gluten-free, isn't suitable for making noodles as we know them. Wheat wasn't cultivated until the Tang dynasty.
American food writer and author of On the Noodle Road Jen Lin-Liu notes that documentation of what can be described noodles came about much on the western side of the world than in China, although she stresses she doesn't exclude the possibility of two independent inventions. The earliest documentation describes small bits of bread dough thrown into a wok of boiling water, eaten today as mian pian. Wheat noodles in Japan were adapted from a Chinese recipe as early as the 9th century. Innovations continued, such as noodles made with buckwheat were developed in the Joseon Dynasty of Korea. Ramen noodles, based on Chinese lamian noodles, became common in Japan by 1900. Kesme or Reshteh noodles were eaten by Turkic peoples by the 13th century. Ash reshteh is one of the most popular Persian dishes in some Middle Eastern countries, such as Iran. In the 1st century BCE, Horace wrote of fried sheets of dough called lagana. However, the method of cooking these sheets of dough, does not correspond to the current definition of either a fresh or dry pasta product, which only had similar basic ingredients and the shape.
The first concrete information on pasta products in Italy dates to 14th centuries. Pasta has taken on a variety of shapes based on regional specializations. In the area that would become Germany, written mention of Spätzle has been found in documents dating from 1725, although medieval illustrations are believed to place this noodle at an earlier date; the Latinized itrium was used as a reference to a kind of boiled dough. Arabs adapted noodles for long journeys in the first written record of dry pasta. Muhammad al-Idrisi wrote in 1154 that itriyya was exported from Norman Sicily. Itriya was known by the Persian Jewish and during the Islamic rule referred to a small soup noodle of Greek origin prepared by twisting bits of kneaded dough into shape, resembling Italian orzo. Zacierki is a type of noodle found in Polish Jewish cuisine, it was part of the rations distributed to the Jewish victims in the Łódź Ghetto by the Nazis. The diary of a young Jewish girl from Łódź recounts a fight she had with her father over a spoonful of zacierki taken from the family's meager supply of 200 grams a week.
Baked noodles: Boiled and drained noodles are combined with other ingredients and baked. Common examples include many casseroles. Basic noodles: These are cooked in water or broth drained. Other foods can be added or the noodles are added to other foods or the noodles can be served plain with a dipping sauce or oil to be added at the table. In general, noodles absorb flavors. Chilled noodles: noodles that are served cold, sometimes in a salad. Examples include cold udon. Fried noodles: dishes made of noodles stir fried with various meats, seafood and dairy products. Typical examples include chow mein, lo mein, mie goreng, hokkien mee, some varieties of pancit, Curry Noodles, pad thai. Noodle soup: noodles served in broth. Examples are phở, beef noodle soup, chicken noodle soup, laksa and batchoy. Instant noodles Frozen noodles The dictionary definition of noodle at Wiktionary Media related to Noodles at Wikimedia Commons
Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns men's basketball
The Louisiana Ragin' Cajuns men's basketball program represents intercollegiate men's basketball at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette. The school competes in the Sun Belt Conference in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and play home games at the Cajundome in Lafayette, Louisiana. Bob Marlin is in his eighth season as head coach. 1914–15 to 1924–25: Louisiana Intercollegiate Athletic Association 1925–26 to 1940–41: Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association 1941–42 to 1946–47: Louisiana Intercollegiate Conference 1947–48 to 1970–71: Gulf States Conference 1971–72 to 1972-73. In August 1973, Louisiana—then known as Southwestern Louisiana—became only the second school to receive the so-called "death penalty" from the NCAA; the basketball team was found guilty of over 120 violations. Most of them involved small cash payments to players, letting players borrow coaches' and boosters' cars, letting players use university credit cards to buy gas and buying clothes and other objects for players.
However, the most severe violations involved massive academic fraud. In the most egregious case, an assistant coach altered a recruit's high school transcript and forged the principal's signature. Several boosters arranged for surrogates to take college entrance exams for prospective recruits; the NCAA Council found the violations so egregious that it wanted to throw Southwestern Louisiana out of the NCAA altogether. It settled for scrubbing the Ragin' Cajuns' 1972 and 1973 NCAA Tournament appearances from the books and canceling the 1973–74 and 1974–75 seasons. In 2007, The Ragin Cajuns were found guilty of major violations in its men's basketball program. An NCAA investigation found that now-former player Orien Greene had relied on 15 hours of correspondence courses taken through another institution in order to remain eligible for the 2004 spring semester and the entire 2004–05 academic year. NCAA rules do not allow student-athletes to use correspondence courses taken from another institution to remain eligible.
According to the NCAA, this was an "obvious error" that should have been caught right away, but the school's then-compliance coordinator, director of academic services and registrar all failed to catch it. When school officials learned about the violations, they vacated every game in which Greene participated—43 games in all, including NCAA tournament appearances in 2004 and 2005—and scrubbed Greene's records from the books; the NCAA accepted Louisiana's penalties and imposed two years' probation. The Ragin Cajuns have unofficially appeared in 10 NCAA Division I Tournaments. However, they have only appeared in six. In 1972, they became the first school to make the tournament in their first year of eligibility, advancing to the Sweet Sixteen, they repeated this feat in 1973. However, both of these appearances were scrubbed from the books as a result of the 1973 infractions case; the Ragin Cajuns participated in the 2004 and 2005 NCAA tournaments, but both appearances were vacated due to major violations involving Orien Greene.
Their official combined record is 1–6. All appearances prior to 2000 were when the school was still named Southwestern Louisiana. * appearance and records vacated The Ragin Cajuns appeared in the 1971 NCAA Division II Tournament. However, that appearance was vacated due to the same rules violations that stripped them of their 1972 and 1973 Division I Tournament results. * appearance and records vacated The Ragin Cajuns appeared in two NAIA Tournaments. Their combined record is 3–2; the Ragin Cajuns appeared in six National Invitation Tournaments. Their combined record is 6–7. All appearances prior to 2002 were; the Ragin Cajuns appeared in three CollegeInsider.com Tournaments. Their combined record is 4–3. List of NCAA Division I men's basketball programs Official website
There have been three baronetcies created for persons with the surname Tyrwhitt, one in the Baronetage of England and two in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. The Tyrwhitt Baronetcy, of Stainfield in the County of Lincoln, was created in the Baronetage of England on 29 June 1611 for Philip Tyrwhitt; the fourth Baronet represented Grimsby in the House of Commons. The fifth and sixth Baronets both sat as Members of Parliament for Lincoln; the title became extinct on the latter's death in 1760. The Tyrwhitt Baronetcy, of Stanley Hall in the County of Shropshire, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 3 October 1808. For more information on this creation, see the Baron Berners; the Tyrwhitt Baronetcy, of Terschelling and of Oxford, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 13 December 1919 for the naval commander Reginald Tyrwhitt. He was a descendant of brother of the first Baronet of the 1808 creation. In 1934 Tyrwhitt was promoted to Admiral of the Fleet; the second Baronet was an admiral in the Royal Navy and served as Second Sea Lord from 1959 to 1961.
The third baronet served in the British Army as a Guardsman with Irish Guards, as an officer in the Royal Artillery. He was appointed a Deputy Lieutenant of Lincolnshire in 2016. Sir Philip Tyrwhitt, 1st Baronet Sir Edward Tyrwhitt, 2nd Baronet Sir Philip Tyrwhitt, 3rd Baronet Sir Philip Tyrwhitt, 4th Baronet Sir John Tyrwhitt, 5th Baronet Sir John de la Fountain Tyrwhitt, 6th Baronet see the Baron Berners Sir Reginald Yorke Tyrwhitt, 1st Baronet Sir St John Reginald Joseph Tyrwhitt, 2nd Baronet Sir Reginald Thomas Newman Tyrwhitt, 3rd Baronet Kidd, Williamson, David. Debrett's Baronetage. New York: St Martin's Press, 1990. Leigh Rayment's list of baronets – Baronetcies beginning with "T"
The Weather Prophets were a British indie band formed in London in 1986 after the break-up of The Loft. After two studio albums, the band split up, with singer Peter Astor going on to a solo career. Following the breakup of The Loft, Peter Astor and Dave Morgan formed The Weather Prophets in 1986. An early incarnation saw Creation Records head-honcho Alan McGee playing bass, but he soon reverted to manager as new members David Greenwood Goulding and Oisin Little were recruited to complete the line up; the debut single, "Almost Prayed", seemed to carry on. After a German mini-album, for the release of their debut album proper, McGee had managed to sign the band to Elevation Records - the WEA subsidiary with which he was associated. Expectations were high when the Lenny Kaye-produced Mayflower appeared in 1987, but the album was greeted with a mixed response by the critics and the band were dropped from the label. All was not lost, however, as they returned to Creation for a further album, Judges and Horsemen in 1988.
By this time, Oisin Little had departed, interest in the band had waned. A final single, "Always the Light", was issued. Following the split, Peter Astor embarked upon a solo career, recorded as Wisdom of Harry and Ellis Island Sound, while the two remaining members joined The Rockingbirds. An odds'n' ends compilation, Temperance Hotel, was released by Creation in 1989, with'87 Live appearing in 1991. Blue Skies & Freerides – The Best of 1986-1989 was issued by Cherry Red in 2004. Diesel River Mayflower Judges and Horsemen Temperance Hotel Blue Skies & Freerides – The Best of 1986-1989'87 Live "Almost Prayed" "Naked As the Day You Were Born" "She Comes from the Rain" "Why Does the Rain" "Hollow Heart" "Always the Light" The Loft Peter Astor Official site
Harstad Church is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Harstad Municipality in Troms og Finnmark county, Norway. It is located in the town of Harstad, it is the church for the Harstad parish, part of the Trondenes prosti in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland. The white, concrete church was built in a long church style in 1958 by the architect Jan Inge Hovig; the church seats about 600 people. The church was one of the first arbeidskirker in Norway; this type of church is a more modern church that includes a church hall, office and bathrooms as opposed to the traditional one-room churches that were built for centuries in Norway. List of churches in Troms
Chinchaga Wildland Park is a protected 800 km2 tract of land in the 5,000 km2 of the greater Chinchaga wilderness area in a disjunct outlier of the Foothills Natural Region of Alberta, in a remote area of northwest Alberta, about 140 kilometres west of Manning. It was designated as a Wildlife Park in December 1999; the greater Chinchaga area was identified in 1995 as an Environmentally Significant Area. It was designated by the Alberta Government as a protected area in 2000, under the "Special Places" program. "Elevations in the Park range from 650 m adjacent to the Chinchaga River to 915 m at the height of land atop Halverson Ridge."The upper course of the Chinchaga River, which forms the Park's northern border, is a provincially Environmentally Significant Area. The Park extends south to the slopes of Halverson Ridge; the only road that provides access is the Chinchaga Forestry Road, a high grade gravel road running west from the Mackenzie Highway. The Chinchaga area was used by small populations of First Nations and Métis for hunting.
In the spring of 1950 the watershed of the Chinchaga River experienced drought conditions that extended over boreal regions of northern Canada. At the time of the fire Imperial Oil surveying crew were on site; the fire was caused by human activity. Other sources theorize that slash burning from agricultural clearing could have been the initial spark. On 1 June 1950 human activity caused a forest fire in the Chinchaga area, one of the largest if not the largest in modern North American history; the ignition point was north of British Columbia. The fire burned north-eastward nearly to Keg River and continued to burn throughout the summer and early fall until the end of October, it destroyed 10,000 m2 of the Chinchaga area. Size estimates have varied due to the imprecise measurement techniques of the time period. Estimates at the time ranged from 1,000,000 to 1,400,000 hectares. In 2008 and 2009 the final size was larger than previous estimates, placing the total burned area at 1,700,000 hectares. While most not the largest fire in the history of the North American boreal forest, it produced the largest burned area of any recorded fire on the continent.
In the 1997 report commissioned by the Alberta Environmental Protection the Chinchaga Diversity Area and the Chinchaga River were designated as an Environmentally Significant Areas. In June 1999, the Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry’s Subcommittee on the Boreal Forest published their report Competing Realities: The Boreal Forest at Risk which contained 35 recommendations intended to ensure that Canada adopt "a natural forest landscape-based approach to managing a boreal forest, coming under siege." Under the 2000 "Special Places" program. The natural state of the area is intended to be protected, other uses are permitted under provincial law. Concerns have been raised about gas development in parts of this wilderness area. In 2000 both the Alberta Wildlife Society and the Canadian Parks and Wilderness Society were disappointed with the small size and poor quality of the Chinchaga wilderness region chosen by the province of Alberta to be protected; the proposed protected section only protects 800 km2 of the 5,000 km2 of Chinchaga wilderness area.
The area protected by the province is "peatland and unproductive, burned-over deciduous forest."The area protected by the province is "peatland and unproductive, burned-over deciduous forest."The Alberta Land and Forest Division leased an additional 450 sq mi of the land set aside as the Chinchaga Special Place to Manning Diversified Forest Products Ltd. as a timber license. In 2000, the provincial government authorized logging by Daishowa-Marubeni and Manning Diversified Forest Products in another part of Chinchaga shortly after giving the wildpark area protected status; the Biophysical Inventory of Chinchaga Wildland Park was released in March 2002. In June 2002 the Alberta Government claimed it had "no plans to re-open discussion" about enlarging the Chinchaga Special Place; the Special Places program achieved it target with regards to the protection of the Central Mixedwood natural sub-region, established a total of 81 new and 13 expanded sites, brought Alberta’s total protected land base to 12.5%, which he called "... a significant environmental achievement for all Albertans."
In reply to the Minister’s response, AWA points out that Chinchaga lies in the Foothills Region rather than the Central Mixedwood subregion of the Boreal Region. Only 2% of the Foothills region is protected. Additionally, AWA notes. A meager 4% of provincially protected area represents "a less'significant achievement for all Albertans.' In 2003 the Alberta Wilderness Association, the Federation of Alberta Naturalists, the Sierra Club of Canada, Canadian Nature Federation and the Natural Resources Defense Council in the U. S. called for a "moratorium on further development in Chinchaga until permanent protection is established." The environment consists of diverse landscapes and vegetation ecosystems including boreal forests and muskeg, with deciduous and coniferous forests mixed with wetlands and fens. This provides habitat for woodland caribou and trumpeter swan which are Endangered Species in Alberta and grizzly bear; these along beaver and northern goshawk, are considered to be the focal wildlife species in the Park.