Operation Babylift was the name given to the mass evacuation of children from South Vietnam to the United States and other countries at the end of the Vietnam War, on April 3–26, 1975. By the final American flight out of South Vietnam, over 3,300 infants and children had been evacuated, although the actual number has been variously reported. Along with Operation New Life, over 110,000 refugees were evacuated from South Vietnam at the end of the Vietnam War. Thousands of children were adopted by families around the world. With the central Vietnamese city of Da Nang having fallen in March, with Saigon under attack and being shelled, on April 3, 1975, U. S. President Gerald Ford announced that the U. S. government would begin evacuating orphans from Saigon on a series of 30 planned flights aboard Military Airlift Command C-5A Galaxy and C-141 Starlifter cargo aircraft. Service organizations including Holt International Children's Services, Friends of Children of Viet Nam, Friends For All Children, Catholic Relief Service, International Social Services, International Orphans and the Pearl S. Buck Foundation petitioned the government to help evacuate the various orphans in their facilities in Vietnam.
In their book, Silence Broken, Childhelp founders Sara O'Meara and Yvonne Fedderson chronicle their request from Lieutenant General Lewis William Walt to help with evacuations and finding homes for the Asian-American orphans. Flights continued until artillery attacks by North Vietnamese Army and Viet Cong military units on Tan Son Nhut Airport rendered airplane flights impossible. Over 2,500 children were adopted by families in the United States and by its allies; the operation was controversial because there was question about whether the evacuation was in the children's best interest, because not all the children were orphans. When American businessman Robert Macauley learned that it would take more than a week to evacuate the surviving orphans due to the lack of military transport planes, he chartered a Boeing 747 from World Airways and arranged for 300 orphaned children to leave the country, paying for the trip by mortgaging his house. Frederick M. "Skip" Burkle, Jr. served as the medical director of Operation Babylift.
He gathered the orphans in Saigon, accompanied them to Clark AFP in the Philippines, continued to care for them on the Boeing 747 across the Pacific Ocean to Los Angeles and Long Beach Naval Support Activity. A C-5A Galaxy, serial number 68-0218, flew the initial mission of Operation Babylift departing from Tan Son Nhut Airport shortly after 4 p.m. on April 4, 1975. Twelve minutes after takeoff, there was what seemed to be an explosion as the lower rear fuselage was torn apart; the locks of the rear loading ramp had failed, causing the door to separate. A rapid decompression occurred. Control and trim cables to the rudder and elevators were severed, leaving only one aileron and wing spoilers operating. Two of the four hydraulic systems were out; the crew wrestled at the controls, managing to keep control of the plane with changes in power settings by using the one working aileron and wing spoilers. The crew descended to an altitude of 4,000 feet on a heading of 310 degrees in preparation for landing on Tan Son Nhut's runway 25L.
About halfway through a turn to final approach, the rate of descent increased rapidly. Seeing they couldn't make the runway, full power was applied to bring the nose up; the C-5 touched down in a rice paddy. Skidding for a quarter of a mile, the aircraft became airborne again for a half mile before hitting a dike and breaking into four parts, some of which caught fire. According to DIA figures, 138 people were killed in the crash, including 78 children and 35 Defense Attaché Office, Saigon personnel; the Vietnamese adoptee-run nonprofit, Operation Reunite, is using DNA testing to match adoptees with their Vietnamese families. A memorial was unveiled in Holmdel, New Jersey, US in April 2015. Friends For Wanni Wibulswasdi. ISBN 0-8135-3611-1 Bass, Thomas A. Vietnamerica: The War Comes Home, Soho Press, Incorporated, 1997. ISBN 1-56947-088-X Emerson, Gloria and Losers: Battles, Gains and Ruins from a Long War, Random House, 1976. ISBN 0-394-48413-4 Gronewold, Operation Babylift Through Film: Suggestions for Classroom Use of "Precious Cargo" and "Daughter from Danang" - Expanding East Asian Studies program, Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University Herrington, Stuart A.
Peace with Honor? An American Reports on Vietnam 1973-75, Presidio Press. For an account of the day of the plane crash, see pp. 137–140. Williams, Not Quite/Just The Same/Different: The Construction of Identity In Vietnamese War Orphans Adopted By White Parents, Master of Arts by Thesis. Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Technology, Sydney. 2003 Operation Babylift: The Lost Children of Vietnam is an award-winning documentary released in 2009 about the adoptees and volunteers as they examine their lives and the effects of this historic mission on their lives nearly 35 years later. - www. TheBabylift.com Daughter from Đà Nẵng is a 2002 award-winning documentary film about an Amerasian woman who returns to visit her biological family in Đà Nẵng, Vietnam after 22 years of separation and living in the United States, having been taken out of Vietnam as a child in Operation Babylift. Precious Cargo - a 2001 documentary film on Operation Babylift and the return of eight adoptees twenty five years "Operation Babylift: The case of the di
A refrigerator death is death by suffocation in a refrigerator or similar appliance such as a freezer. Because, by design, such appliances are air-tight when closed, a person entrapped inside will have a low supply of oxygen. Early refrigerators could only be opened from the outside, making accidental entrapment a possibility of children playing with discarded appliances. Modern designs close with a magnetic mechanism that can be opened from the inside, reducing the danger of accidental entrapment. Children would play in abandoned appliances, such as refrigerators and washing machines, become trapped. Refrigerators became common in the 1930s, but after World War II when production of refrigerators resumed, old refrigerators were disposed of. Deaths were not uncommon for children in the United States before the passage of the Refrigerator Safety Act in 1956; the first reactions to the deaths were to ask people not to abandon refrigerators and to detach the doors of unused refrigerators. At least one state, enacted legislation making the abandonment of a refrigerator with a latch in a location where a child might find it illegal.
At least as early as 1954, alternative methods of securing air-tight closures had been suggested, such as in patent 2767011, filed by Francis P. Buckley et al. in 1954 and issued in 1956. In the mid- to late 1950s troops of people would sometimes search out abandoned refrigerators, detaching the doors and smashing the locks. However, these efforts were not effective, children were still dying inside refrigerators that had not been found and dismantled; the continued occurrence of refrigerator deaths led to a law that required a change in the way refrigerator doors stay shut. The Refrigerator Safety Act is codified at 15 U. S. C. 1211-1214 as Public Law 84-930, 70 Stat. 953, on August 2, 1956. The act applied to all refrigerators manufactured in the United States after October 31, 1958, is responsible for the adoption of the magnetic mechanism, used today instead of a latch. Individual American states have similar laws, such as California and Washington; the number of deaths due to suffocation in refrigerators declined a significant amount in the years after the law.
Some deaths have occurred recently. In 2019 three children died after climbing into an unused freezer. Around the world, manufacture of latch refrigerators has been replaced by that of ones with magnet-closing doors; as as 2013, deaths in a latched refrigerator occurred, in South Africa. Bain, Katherine. "Behavior of young children under conditions simulating entrapment in refrigerators". Pediatrics. 22: 628–647. PMID 13590841
Zoran Ilic is an Australian soccer football manager and former player who played as a forward. He played as a Striker in Australia with St George and Adelaide City in the National Soccer League winning 2 NSL titles and a NSL Cup. Between 1993 and 1995 he had a spell in Europe, with Serbian side FK Jagodina in FR Yugoslavia, he played many years with Canterbury Marrickville in the National Premier Leagues NSW. He represented Australia at U-20 level at the qualifiers for the 1989 FIFA World Youth Championship and represented Australia U-23 in the qualifiers for the 1992 Summer Olympics
Bunkka is the debut studio album by English electronic musician and producer Paul Oakenfold, released under the name Oakenfold. It was released in 2002 under the Maverick label, it is Oakenfold's best selling album to date, with sales exceeding 1,000,000 copies worldwide. In response to how his dance-focused audience would react to the album, Oakenfold said "I hope they realise that in any forms of music you need to push the boundaries. I've been inspired by all kinds of music, from hip-hop to guitars to dance, the dance audience will understand that." The album was released to mixed reviews. "Ready Steady Go" – 4:13 "Southern Sun" – 6:57 "Time of Your Life" – 4:17 "Hypnotised" – 6:34 "Zoo York" – 5:25 "Nixon's Spirit" – 2:48 "Hold Your Hand" – 3:39 "Starry Eyed Surprise" – 3:48 "Get Em Up" – 3:50 "Motion" – 6:24 "The Harder They Come" – 3:50 "Mortal" - 6:42 Paul Oakenfold – production, vocal engineering Hunter S. Thompson – vocals, spoken word Emiliana Torrini – vocals Ice Cube – raps Tiff Lacey – vocals Asher D – raps Perry Farrell – vocals Nelly Furtado – vocals Tricky – vocals Carla Werner – vocals Shifty Shellshock – raps Grant Lee Phillips – vocals, background vocals Mark Ralph – guitar Phil Corderone — guitar David Rhodes – guitar Christian Twigg - bass guitar Emerson Swinford – bass guitar Jamie Muhoberac – keyboards John Tonks – drumsAdditional personnel Steve Osborne – production, mixing, vocal mixing Andy Gray – production, engineering, mixing Carmen Rizzo – production, vocal engineering Jeff Turzo – production, mixing Ed Chadwick – assistant engineering Pete Davies – programming, engineering Chris Blair – mastering Marc Marot – A&R Guy Oseary – A&R Ricardo Vinas – A&R Anton Corbijn – photography "Ready, Steady, Go", appears in a number of the films, video games and other media, including: The Bourne Identity and Collateral, Tiger Woods PGA Tour 2003, DDR Ultramix Juiced, Las Vegas, an ad campaign for Saab and an episode of the TV series ALIAS.
Oakenfold produced a Korean style lyrical version of "Steady, Go" for the film Collateral. "Zoo York" was used in the trailers for the films Sunshine and Babylon A. D.. "Starry Eyed Surprise" has been used in television commercials for Diet Coke. Bunkka at Metacritic
This is a list of ancient Greeks in Thrace Brygos Attic Painter/Potter Athenion of Maroneia Painter Boethus of Chalcedon Sculptor _of Maroneia Pale Greek Wrestling Olympics 476 BC Aristarchus of Samothrace Aristophanes of Byzantium Dionysius Thrax Thucydides Hecataeus of Abdera Stephanus of Byzantium Hieronymus of Cardia Bion of Abdera Philo of Byzantium Epigenes of Byzantium Orpheus and Euridice Hero and Leander Leucippus Protagoras Diogenes Apolloniates Thrasymachus Democritus Xenocrates Anaxarchus Hecataeus of Abdera Hipparchia of Maroneia Metrocles Antisthenes of Athens Herodicus Nicaenetus of Samos Sotades of Maroneia Phaedimus of Bisanthe Miltiades the Elder Miltiades Cimon Themistocles Cleophon Thucydides Nymphodorus of Abdera Python of Aenus Heraclides of Aenus Eumenes Lysimachus Agathocles Dolonci Abrotonum Hegesipyle of Olorus Olorus List of rulers of Bithynia In order from west to east: Stryme Abdera Ismaros Maroneia Samothrace Aenus Lysimachia Abydos, Hellespont Alopeconnesus Aegospotami Callipolis Cardia Elaeus Sestus Bisanthe Perinthus Selymbria Byzantium Chalcedon In order from north to south: Histria Tomi Callatis Dionysopolis or Krounoi Odessos or Odessopolis Naulochos Mesembria Anchialos Apollonia Agathopolis Map of Greek Colonies in Thrace
Heinrich Wolf was an Austrian journalist and chess master. In 1897, he tied for 5-7th in Berlin. In 1900 he tied for 7-10th in Munich. In 1902, he tied for 5-7th in the Monte Carlo chess tournament, tied for 5-6th in Hannover, won, jointly with Janowski, in Vienna. Wolf drew a match with Ossip Bernstein. In 1903, he took 7th in Monte Carlo. In 1904 he tied for 8-9th in Coburg, tied for 4-5th in Vienna. In 1905 he took 10th in Ostend, tied for 7-10th in Barmen, took 2nd, behind Schlechter, in Vienna. In 1906, he tied for 6-7th in Nuremberg. In 1907, he tied for 9-11th in Vienna, took 10th in the Carlsbad 1907 chess tournament. In 1908, he tied for 9-12th in Düsseldorf. In 1908, Emanuel Lasker engaged Simon Alapin and Wolf as seconds for the WCC match against Tarrasch, held in Düsseldorf and Munich. After World War I, he tied for 6-7th at Piešťany 1922, tied for 8-10th at Teplice-Šanov 1922, took 3rd at Vienna 1922, took 14th in the Carlsbad 1923 chess tournament, tied for 12-13th at Maehrisch-Ostrau Ostrava 1923.
In December 1941 Wolf was deported to the Riga ghetto where he was murdered