1.
City of Ottawa
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The City of Ottawa is the corporate entity of municipal government in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The corporation is responsible for provision of services to the public as well as enforcement of municipal by-laws and it is overseen by the City Manager, and responsible to the Mayor of Ottawa and City Council. The City of Ottawa Act,1999 is an act of the legislature of Ontario which created the City of Ottawa, City Manager City Manager Kent Kirkpatrick serves as City Council’s chief policy advisor and leads management and staff in implementing Council decisions. While overseeing policy development and major projects, Kirkpatrick actively promotes the City’s interests with other levels of government, Community and Protective Services The Community and Protective Services Department brings together 11 service areas. Planning, Transit and the Environment Planning, Transit and the Environment is one of the City of Ottawa’s five departments, the others are City Manager, Business Transformation Services, Community and Protective Services, and Public Works and Services. Elected Officials Mayor City Councillors Office of the Auditor General The city of Ottawa draft budget has been tabled on January 28,2010, organizational chart City of Ottawa Act Centrepointe Theatre Shenkman Arts Centre Ottawa. com Lansdowne Parc Ottawa Police Service OC Transpo UpFront Ottawa Choosing Our Future
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Ottawa City Council
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The Ottawa City Council is the governing body of the City of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is composed of 23 city councillors and the mayor, the mayor is elected at large, while each of the councillors represent wards throughout the city. Council members are elected to four year terms with the last election being on October 25,2010, the council meets at Ottawa City Hall in downtown Ottawa. Much of the work is done in the standing committees made up sub-groups of councillors. The decisions made in these committees are presented to the full council, Georges Ward Lynn Smyth, Capital Ward * A judge overturned the election result, declaring Janigan had won by one vote after Harris had served for one year. Georges Ward Marion Dewar, mayor Donald Bartlett Reid, controller Brian Bourns, controller Bill Law, controller Ralph Sutherland, controller Georges Bédard, By-St
3.
French language
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French is a Romance language of the Indo-European family. It descended from the Vulgar Latin of the Roman Empire, as did all Romance languages, French has evolved from Gallo-Romance, the spoken Latin in Gaul, and more specifically in Northern Gaul. Its closest relatives are the other langues doïl—languages historically spoken in northern France and in southern Belgium, French was also influenced by native Celtic languages of Northern Roman Gaul like Gallia Belgica and by the Frankish language of the post-Roman Frankish invaders. Today, owing to Frances past overseas expansion, there are numerous French-based creole languages, a French-speaking person or nation may be referred to as Francophone in both English and French. French is a language in 29 countries, most of which are members of la francophonie. As of 2015, 40% of the population is in Europe, 35% in sub-Saharan Africa, 15% in North Africa and the Middle East, 8% in the Americas. French is the fourth-most widely spoken mother tongue in the European Union, 1/5 of Europeans who do not have French as a mother tongue speak French as a second language. As a result of French and Belgian colonialism from the 17th and 18th century onward, French was introduced to new territories in the Americas, Africa, most second-language speakers reside in Francophone Africa, in particular Gabon, Algeria, Mauritius, Senegal and Ivory Coast. In 2015, French was estimated to have 77 to 110 million native speakers, approximately 274 million people are able to speak the language. The Organisation internationale de la Francophonie estimates 700 million by 2050, in 2011, Bloomberg Businessweek ranked French the third most useful language for business, after English and Standard Mandarin Chinese. Under the Constitution of France, French has been the language of the Republic since 1992. France mandates the use of French in official government publications, public education except in specific cases, French is one of the four official languages of Switzerland and is spoken in the western part of Switzerland called Romandie, of which Geneva is the largest city. French is the language of about 23% of the Swiss population. French is also a language of Luxembourg, Monaco, and Aosta Valley, while French dialects remain spoken by minorities on the Channel Islands. A plurality of the worlds French-speaking population lives in Africa and this number does not include the people living in non-Francophone African countries who have learned French as a foreign language. Due to the rise of French in Africa, the total French-speaking population worldwide is expected to reach 700 million people in 2050, French is the fastest growing language on the continent. French is mostly a language in Africa, but it has become a first language in some urban areas, such as the region of Abidjan, Ivory Coast and in Libreville. There is not a single African French, but multiple forms that diverged through contact with various indigenous African languages, sub-Saharan Africa is the region where the French language is most likely to expand, because of the expansion of education and rapid population growth
4.
Seat of local government
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In local government, a city hall, town hall, civic centre, a guildhall, a Rathaus, or a municipal building, is the chief administrative building of a city, town, or other municipality. It usually houses the city or town council, its associated departments and it also usually functions as the base of the mayor of a city, town, borough, or county / shire. By convention, until the mid 19th-century, a large open chamber formed an integral part of the building housing the council. The hall may be used for meetings and other significant events. This large chamber, the hall, has become synonymous with the whole building. The terms council chambers, municipal building or variants may be used locally in preference to town hall if no such large hall is present within the building, the local government may endeavor to use the town hall building to promote and enhance the quality of life of the community. In many cases, town halls serve not only as buildings for government functions and these may include art shows, stage performances, exhibits and festivals. Modern town halls or civic centres are designed with a great variety and flexibility of purpose in mind. As symbols of government, city and town halls have distinctive architecture. City hall buildings may also serve as icons that symbolize their cities. The term town hall may be a one, often applied without regard to whether the building serves or served a town or a city. This is generally the case in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Hong Kong, english-speakers in some regions use the term city hall to designate the council offices of a municipality of city status. This is the case in North America, where a distinction is made between city halls and town halls, and is also the case with Brisbane City Hall in Australia. The great hall of the town-house or municipal building, now commonly applied to the whole building city hall. Conversely, cities that have subdivisions with their own councils may have borough halls, in Scotland, local government in larger cities operates from the City Chambers, otherwise the Town House. Elsewhere in English-speaking countries, other names are occasionally used, in London, the official headquarters of administration of the City of London retains its Anglo-Saxon name, the Guildhall, signifying a place where taxes were paid. In a small number of English cities the preferred term is Council House, this was also the case in Bristol until 2012, when the building was renamed City Hall. In Birmingham, there is a distinction between the Council House, the seat of government, and the Town Hall, a concert
5.
Ottawa
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Ottawa is the capital city of Canada. It stands on the bank of the Ottawa River in the eastern portion of southern Ontario. Ottawa borders Gatineau, Quebec, the two form the core of the Ottawa–Gatineau census metropolitan area and the National Capital Region. The 2016 census reported a population of 934,243, making it the fourth-largest city in Canada, the City of Ottawa reported that the city had an estimated population of 960,754 as of December 2015. Founded in 1826 as Bytown, and incorporated as Ottawa in 1855, the city name Ottawa was chosen in reference to the Ottawa River nearby, the name of which is derived from the Algonquin Odawa, meaning to trade. The city is the most educated in Canada, and is home to a number of post-secondary, research, and cultural institutions, including the National Arts Centre, Ottawa also has the highest standard of living in the nation and low unemployment. It ranked second out of 150 worldwide in the Numbeo quality of life index 2014–2015, with the draining of the Champlain Sea around ten thousand years ago the Ottawa Valley became habitable. The area was used for wild harvesting, hunting, fishing, trade, travel. The Ottawa river valley has archaeological sites with arrow heads, pottery, the area has three major rivers that meet, making it an important trade and travel area for thousands of years. The Algonquins called the Ottawa River Kichi Sibi or Kichissippi meaning Great River or Grand River, Étienne Brûlé, the first European to travel up the Ottawa River, passed by Ottawa in 1610 on his way to the Great Lakes. Three years later, Samuel de Champlain wrote about the waterfalls of the area and about his encounters with the Algonquins, the early explorers and traders were later followed by many missionaries. The first maps of the area used the word Ottawa to name the river, philemon Wright, a New Englander, created the first settlement in the area on 7 March 1800 on the north side of the river, across from Ottawa in Hull. He, with five other families and twenty-five labourers, set about to create a community called Wrightsville. Wright pioneered the Ottawa Valley timber trade by transporting timber by river from the Ottawa Valley to Quebec City, the following year, the town would soon be named after British military engineer Colonel John By who was responsible for the entire Rideau Waterway construction project. Colonel By set up military barracks on the site of todays Parliament Hill and he also laid out the streets of the town and created two distinct neighbourhoods named Upper Town west of the canal and Lower Town east of the canal. Similar to its Upper Canada and Lower Canada namesakes, historically Upper Town was predominantly English speaking and Protestant whereas Lower Town was predominantly French, Irish, bytowns population grew to 1,000 as the Rideau Canal was being completed in 1832. In 1855 Bytown was renamed Ottawa and incorporated as a city, William Pittman Lett was installed as the first city clerk guiding it through 36 years of development. On New Years Eve 1857, Queen Victoria, as a symbolic, in reality, Prime Minister John A. Macdonald had assigned this selection process to the Executive Branch of the Government, as previous attempts to arrive at a consensus had ended in deadlock
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Ontario
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Ontario, one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada, is located in east-central Canada. It is Canadas most populous province by a margin, accounting for nearly 40 percent of all Canadians. Ontario is fourth-largest in total area when the territories of the Northwest Territories and it is home to the nations capital city, Ottawa, and the nations most populous city, Toronto. There is only about 1 km of land made up of portages including Height of Land Portage on the Minnesota border. Ontario is sometimes divided into two regions, Northern Ontario and Southern Ontario. The great majority of Ontarios population and arable land is located in the south, in contrast, the larger, northern part of Ontario is sparsely populated with cold winters and is heavily forested. The province is named after Lake Ontario, a thought to be derived from Ontarí, io, a Huron word meaning great lake, or possibly skanadario. Ontario has about 250,000 freshwater lakes, the province consists of three main geographical regions, The thinly populated Canadian Shield in the northwestern and central portions, which comprises over half the land area of Ontario. Although this area mostly does not support agriculture, it is rich in minerals and in part covered by the Central and Midwestern Canadian Shield forests, studded with lakes, Northern Ontario is subdivided into two sub-regions, Northwestern Ontario and Northeastern Ontario. The virtually unpopulated Hudson Bay Lowlands in the north and northeast, mainly swampy. Southern Ontario which is further sub-divided into four regions, Central Ontario, Eastern Ontario, Golden Horseshoe, the highest point is Ishpatina Ridge at 693 metres above sea level located in Temagami, Northeastern Ontario. In the south, elevations of over 500 m are surpassed near Collingwood, above the Blue Mountains in the Dundalk Highlands, the Carolinian forest zone covers most of the southwestern region of the province. A well-known geographic feature is Niagara Falls, part of the Niagara Escarpment, the Saint Lawrence Seaway allows navigation to and from the Atlantic Ocean as far inland as Thunder Bay in Northwestern Ontario. Northern Ontario occupies roughly 87 percent of the area of the province. Point Pelee is a peninsula of Lake Erie in southwestern Ontario that is the southernmost extent of Canadas mainland, Pelee Island and Middle Island in Lake Erie extend slightly farther. All are south of 42°N – slightly farther south than the border of California. The climate of Ontario varies by season and location, the effects of these major air masses on temperature and precipitation depend mainly on latitude, proximity to major bodies of water and to a small extent, terrain relief. In general, most of Ontarios climate is classified as humid continental, Ontario has three main climatic regions
7.
Downtown Ottawa
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Downtown Ottawa is the central area of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Like other downtowns it is the commercial and economic centre of the city and it is sometimes referred to as the Central Business District and contains Ottawas financial district. It is bordered by the Ottawa River to the north, the Rideau Canal to the east, Gloucester Street to the south and this area and the residential neighbourhood to the south are also known locally as Centretown. The total population of the area is 4,876, downtown Ottawa is dominated by government buildings, including Parliament Hill and the Supreme Court. Most prominent buildings are situated along Wellington, Sparks and Elgin streets, most of the buildings are office towers containing the various government departments. While most of Ottawas high tech industry is based elsewhere it also has a significant presence in the downtown core, the downtown also contains a number of apartments, hotels, and condominiums as well as the older single family homes and townhouses along its edges. There are also many prominent heritage buildings along Sparks Street, the downtown employs about 100,000 people and currently holds around 20 million square feet of office space. Downtown Ottawa has a pattern of streets, aligned either east-west or north-south with a number of the streets being one way. From east to west, the prominent streets are Elgin Street, Metcalfe Street, OConnor Street, Bank Street, Kent Street, the northernmost east-west street that crosses downtown is Wellington Street, site of the parliamentary precinct, National Library and Archives, and Supreme Court. It is a major four-lane thoroughfare, to the east, it connects to Rideau Street, and to the west, the Ottawa River Parkway. South of Wellington is Sparks Street, most of which is a pedestrian mall closed to vehicles, the heritage district runs from Bank to Elgin, with CBC broadcast studios at Metcalfe and Sparks. The streets to the south are dominated by office and hotel towers, Queen Street, Albert Street, Slater Street, Laurier Avenue, the City of Ottawa zoning restricts and regulates development to allow high-rises north of Gloucester St. and affords heritage designation to some areas and buildings. Albert and Slater carry the Transitway through downtown, a new 12.5 kilometer light rail line, called the Confederation Line, is currently under construction. Part of it will tunnel under downtowns Queen street and travel east to Rideau Street, construction of the 2.1 billion dollar line, including the 2,5 kilometer subway tunnel should end in time for the 2017 celebration of Confederations 150th anniversary. The line should be operational by 2018, East of the canal, but west of King Edward Avenue, including the Rideau Centre and the Byward Market, is also normally considered downtown, and is referred to locally as Lowertown or Lower Town. The residential neighbourhoods around the business district are also generally referred to as being downtown. These include Centretown to the south and Sandy Hill and Lower Town to the east, north of the Ottawa River the centre of Gatineau, Quebec can be considered an extension of Ottawas downtown. According to the Canada 2016 Census, area defined as the part of Ottawa north of Gloucester Street, east of Bronson, south of the Ottawa River and west of the Rideau Canal
8.
Laurier Avenue
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Laurier Avenue is a central east west street running through Ottawa, Canada. Originally known as Maria Street and Theodore Street, it was renamed in honour of Canadian Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier, Laurier House, the residence of Prime Ministers Laurier and William Lyon Mackenzie King, is located at the corner of Laurier Avenue East and Chapel Street. Bronson Avenue to the Rideau Canal Laurier runs through the heart of downtown Ottawa, the south side of Laurier from Bronson east is almost all high-rises, starting with residential towers at Bronson, and commercial and government office buildings further to the east. Located on the side of Laurier, between Bank Street and OConnor is the main building of the Canadian Department of Finance. Next door to Ottawa City Hall is the Armoury, from which the daily Changing of the Guard procession begins, the north side of Laurier, across from City Hall, is Confederation Square. Laurier Avenue was selected in 2011 as the first street in Ottawa to feature a fully segregated bike lane and it then goes through the neighbourhood of Sandy Hill, passing near many embassies. The embassy of Angola is prominent on the corner of Laurier, the street finally ends at Charlotte just before it meets the Rideau River, at Strathcona Park, quite near to the Russian embassy
9.
Elgin Street (Ottawa)
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Elgin Street is a street in the Downtown core of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Originally named Biddys Lane, it was named after Lord Elgin. The north/south running street begins at Wellington Street in Confederation Square, just east of the Parliament buildings, in the centre of Elgin Street for the first two blocks is Confederation Square, home of Canadas National War Memorial. To the south of this on the east of Elgin is the National Arts Centre, continuing south, Elgin is fronted by Confederation Park to the east and the Lord Elgin Hotel to the west. South of the park, just past Laurier Avenue, is the Ottawa Court House, across from the First Baptist Church and Grant house, followed by City Hall and Knox Presbyterian Church. South of this, the street becomes mainly an area, home to a number of stores, restaurants. Progressing south, the street becomes more residential, home to low rise apartment buildings. Elgin ends at the Queensway, where it turns into Hawthorne Avenue before turning east, at the southern end of Elgin is the headquarters of the Ottawa Police Service. The street is now nicknamed Sens Mile, similar to the Red Mile in Calgary, the plan originated as a grassroots campaign upon realization that the home of the Ottawa Senators, Canadian Tire Centre is located 30 minutes west of the citys downtown core in the suburb of Kanata. In June 2010 a life size statue of the Canadian jazz pianist Oscar Peterson was unveiled at the corner of Elgin. As of November 2011, the former National Art Gallery at 90 Elgin is being torn down to be replaced with a new 17 storey office building that house the Federal Finance Department. Furthermore, behind Grant House and First Baptist Church at 150 Elgin, google Maps, Elgin Street Elgin Street Community Portal
10.
Raymond Moriyama
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Raymond Moriyama, CC, O. Ont is a Canadian architect. He has designed buildings at Brock University from the 1970s through the latest campus expansion. He also served as the Universitys chancellor, of Japanese descent, Moriyama with his family was forced out of Vancouver and confined to an internment camp during World War II. He has said that years have particularly informed his later career. He said these years were influential in his later career, after the war, his family resettled in Hamilton, Ontario, where he attended Westdale Secondary School. Moriyama received a Bachelor of Architecture degree from the University of Toronto in 1954, after years of working with other firms, in 1970 Moriyama co-founded a private practice in Toronto with Ted Teshima, Moriyama & Teshima Architects. In 1985, he was made an Officer of the Order of Canada and he was also awarded the Order of Ontario. In 2009, he was one of nine laureates to receive a Governor Generals Award in Visual, in June 2013, he received a honorary doctorate from the University of Calgary. Moriyama & Teshima,2010, Archives of Ontario YouTube channel
Media related to Ottawa City Hall at Wikimedia Commons
