Padri War
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The Padri War was fought from 1803 until 1837 in West Sumatra, Indonesia between the Padri and the Adat. The Padri were Muslim clerics from Sumatra who wanted to impose Sharia in Minangkabau in West Sumatra, Indonesia. The Adat comprised the Minangkabau nobility and traditional chiefs. They asked for the help of the Dutch, who intervened in 1821 and helped the nobility defeat the Padri faction.
Battle engagements between Padri and the Dutch, 1830s
Image: Heldhaftig gedrag van luitenant Bisschoff
Image: Naar beide zijden front
Image: Aftocht van de bezetting van Amerongen
Wahhabism
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Wahhabism is a reformist religious movement within Sunni Islam, based on the teachings of 18th-century Hanbali cleric Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-Wahhab. The movement was initially established in the central Arabian region of Najd and later spread to other parts of the Arabian Peninsula, and is today followed primarily in Saudi Arabia and Qatar.
Salafi scholar Muhammad Rashid Rida (Arabic: محمد رشيد رضا; 1282 – 1354 A.H) made vital contributions in the rehabilitation of Wahhabism across the Arab World during the early 20th-century
Fath al-Majid (Divine Triumph); an explanatory treatise on Kitab al-Tawhid (Book on Monotheism) by 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Hassan Aal ash-Shaykh (1780–1868 C.E)
Photo of a marketplace in the town of Al-Hasa circa. 1922