In mathematics, a parametric equation defines a group of quantities as functions of one or more independent variables called parameters. Parametric equations are commonly used to express the coordinates of the points that make up a geometric object such as a curve or surface, called a parametric curve and parametric surface, respectively. In such cases, the equations are collectively called a parametric representation, or parametric system, or parameterization of the object.
R = 6 r = 4 d = 1
R = 7 r = 4 d = 1
R = 8 r = 3 d = 2
R = 7 r = 4 d = 2
In mathematics, a curve is an object similar to a line, but that does not have to be straight.
Megalithic art from Newgrange showing an early interest in curves
A dragon curve with a positive area