Parmenides
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Parmenides of Elea was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from Elea in Magna Graecia.
Bust of Parmenides discovered at Velia, thought to have been partially modeled on a Metrodorus bust
![Greek vase with runners at the panathenaic games, c. 530 BC. In Plato's [fictional] dialogue, Parmenides and Zeno debate a young Socrates during these](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Greek_vase_with_runners_at_the_panathenaic_games_530_bC.jpg/500px-Greek_vase_with_runners_at_the_panathenaic_games_530_bC.jpg)
Greek vase with runners at the panathenaic games, c. 530 BC. In Plato's [fictional] dialogue, Parmenides and Zeno debate a young Socrates during these games c. 450 BC.
Parmenides. Detail of The School of Athens by Raphael.
Heraclitus
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Heraclitus was a pre-Socratic Greek philosopher from the city of Ephesus, which was then part of the Persian Empire. He exerts a wide influence on Western philosophy, both ancient and modern, through
Parmenides
…date of Parmenides's birth, from which he concludes that his parents were part of the founding contingent of the city and that he was a contemporary of Heraclitus. Parmenides would have been familiar with previous philosophers, such as the Milesians, as well as writers such as Homer and Hesiod. He may have known…
Bust No 3. of the Hall of Philosophers, Capitoline Museum, identified as Heraclitus
Theater in Ephesus on the coast of Asia Minor, birthplace of Heraclitus
A modern miniature model of the Ephesian Temple of Artemis, located in modern Istanbul. According to Diogenes Laertius, Heraclitus deposited his book in the temple.
Heraclitus's writing style has been compared to a sibyl, as depicted here by Domenichino.