Pechenegs
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The Pechenegs or Patzinaks, were a semi-nomadic Turkic people from Central Asia who spoke the Pecheneg language. In the 9th and 10th centuries, the Pechenegs controlled much of the steppes of southeas
The Pechenegs slaughter the Varangian army of Rus, from the Madrid Skylitzes.
Court of Seljuk ruler Tughril III, circa 1200 CE.
Europe 1097
Sviatoslav enters Bulgaria with Pecheneg allies, from the Constantine Manasses Chronicle.
Khazars
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The Khazars were a semi-nomadic Turkic people who established a major commercial empire in the late 6th century CE spanning the south of modern European Russia, southern Ukraine, and western Kazakhsta
Pechenegs
…probably clans. Constantine VII also records the names of eight former tribal leaders who had been leading the Pechenegs when they were expelled by the Khazars and Oghuzes. Golden, following Németh and Ligeti, proposes that each tribal name consists of two parts: the first part being an equine coat color, the…
Khazar Khaganate, 650–850
Site of the Khazar fortress at Sarkel (aerial photo from excavations conducted by Mikhail Artamonov in the 1950s).
Sviatoslav I of Kiev (in boat), destroyer of the Khazar Khaganate.