Phoenix Raceway is a 1-mile, low-banked tri-oval race track located in Avondale, near Phoenix. The motorsport track opened in 1964 and hosts two NASCAR race weekends annually. Phoenix Raceway has hosted the CART, IndyCar Series, USAC and the WeatherTech SportsCar Championship; the raceway is owned and operated by NASCAR. The raceway was constructed with a 2.5 miles road course that ran on both the inside and the outside of the main tri-oval. In 1991 the track was reconfigured with the current 1.51 miles interior layout. Phoenix Raceway has an estimated grandstand seating capacity of around 51,000. Lights were installed around the track in 2004 following the addition of a second annual NASCAR race weekend. A further reconfiguration in 2011 increased the banking removed the road course and removed the grass and curbing inside of the dogleg, giving sanctioning bodies the option of whether or not to allow drivers to shortcut the dogleg and run on the now-paved apron that replaced the grass. Renovations in 2018 reconfigured the pit road and infield areas, moved the start/finish line to just coming out of what was turn 2, before the dogleg.

Phoenix Raceway is home to two annual NASCAR race weekends, one of 13 facilities on the NASCAR schedule to host more than one race weekend a year. In 2020 the fall race is part of NASCAR Championship Weekend. Phoenix International Raceway was built in 1964 around the Estrella Mountains on the outskirts of Avondale; because of the terrain and the incorporation of a road course and drag strip, designers had to build a "dogleg" into the backstretch. The original roadcourse was 2 miles in length and ran both inside and outside of the main oval track; the hillsides adjacent to the track offer a unique vantage point to watch races from. "Monument Hill", located alongside turns 3 and 4, is a favorite among race fans because of the unique view and lower ticket prices. At the top of this hill lies a USGS bench marker known as Gila and Salt River Meridian, now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Long before Phoenix Raceway existed, this spot was the original land survey point for all of what became the state of Arizona.

Phoenix International Raceway was built with the goal of being the western home of open wheel racing. Sports cars and USAC began racing at the track in 1964, the track became a favorite of drivers and soon replaced the old track at the Arizona State Fairgrounds. In 1977, the first Copper World Classic was held, a marque event for USAC midget and Silver Crown cars. NASCAR began racing at Phoenix International Raceway in 1978. However, it was not until 1988 when NASCAR's premier series, now the NASCAR Cup Series, began racing at the track. Following the announcement of NASCAR being added to the track schedule, Phoenix International Raceway built a 3-story suite building outside of turn 1 and increased grandstand capacity to 30,000. A year prior, the track's main grandstand was struck by lightning and burned to the ground, reconstruction was finished in time for the first NASCAR cup race; that first race was won by Alan Kulwicki where in his celebration he performed the first "Polish Victory Lap".

In 1991, the old 2.5 miles road course was replaced by a 1.51 miles infield road course. In 1996 the grandstand capacity was increased to 65,000. International Speedway Corporation took ownership of Phoenix Raceway from Emmett "Buddy" Jobe in April 1997. Racing at Phoenix International Raceway began to change in 2003. Turn 2 was reconstructed by pushing back the outside wall to make racing safer; the wall came to an end where the old road course crossed the oval track. At the same time, an access tunnel was built under turn 4. Vehicles had to use crossover gates and pedestrians used a crossover bridge. In 2004, NASCAR announced it would give a second annual race weekend to Phoenix International Raceway starting with the 2005 season. Following the announcement, the track installed lights to allow the newly scheduled NASCAR race to be run in the evening; the addition of a second NASCAR racing weekend had dramatic effects on the economy of the state of Arizona. A study at Arizona State University estimated that Phoenix International Raceway brings in nearly $473 million annually to the state.

2005 would become the last year that a major open-wheel racing series would race at PIR, until it was announced that the track will return to the schedule for the 2016 IndyCar season. Despite the 2006 departure from the schedule, the track was still used by IndyCar for testing purposes. In 2006, the Allison Grandstand was expanded from turn 1 to turn 2, increasing the reserved seating to 76,800. Included with the expansion is "Octane", an exclusive lounge on top of the grandstands overlooking turn 1. In 2008 Phoenix International Raceway added the SPEED Cantina, a one-of-a-kind at-track sports bar and grill, outside turn 2. In early 2010, some of the grandstands along the backstretch were removed to allow additional room for recreational vehicles, thus the seating capacity dropped to around 67,000. In November 2010, ISC and the Avondale City Council announced plans for a $100 million long-term development for Phoenix International Raceway. $15 million would go towards repaving the track for the first time since 1990 and building a new media center.

The plans include a reconfiguration of the track. The front stretch was widened from 52 feet to 62 feet, the pit stalls were changed from asphalt to concrete, the dogleg was moved outward by 95 feet, tightening the turn radius of the dogleg from 800 feet to 500 feet. Alon

The 2008 Canadian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held on 8 June 2008 at the Circuit Gilles Villeneuve, Quebec, Canada. It was the 7th race of the 2008 Formula One season; the 70-lap race was won by Robert Kubica for the BMW Sauber team after starting from second position. Nick Heidfeld finished second with David Coulthard third in a Red Bull. Lewis Hamilton, who started from pole position, failed to finish the race, retiring on lap 19 after crashing into the back of Kimi Räikkönen's Ferrari car in the pit lane. Kubica's win promoted him into the lead of the Drivers' Championship for the first time in his career, overtaking Hamilton, Räikkönen and Massa. Massa and Hamilton tied four points behind Kubica, while Räikkönen was fourth. In the Constructors Championship, BMW passed McLaren for second position, three points behind Ferrari; the Grand Prix was contested in ten teams of two. The teams known as "constructors", were Ferrari, McLaren-Mercedes, Renault, BMW Sauber, Force India, Red Bull Racing and Toro Rosso.

Before the race, McLaren driver Lewis Hamilton led the Drivers' Championship, with 38 points, ahead of Ferrari's Kimi Räikkönen, on 35 points and his teammate Felipe Massa on 34 points. BMW driver Robert Kubica was fourth, ahead of Kubica's teammate Nick Heidfeld in fifth. In the Constructors Championship, Ferrari were leading on 69 points. Ahead of the race, the organizers unveiled a new paddock and media center facilities at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve; the site where Robert Kubica crashed in the previous year's race was modified. The wall on which Kubica crashed was moved closer to the track to decrease angle of impact. Additionally, debris fencing was put on the wall to prevent any hazard to cars on the other side of the wall. Three practice sessions were held before the Sunday race—two on Friday, a third on Saturday; the Friday morning and afternoon sessions each lasted 90 minutes. The third session was lasted an hour; the Friday practice session started in wet conditions which resulted in most of the drivers venturing out in the latter half of the hour, some of them, such as Lewis Hamilton, emerging only during final minutes of the session.

Ferrari's Felipe Massa recorded the fastest lap in this session, followed by Robert Kubica and Heikki Kovalainen. In the second session of the day, Lewis Hamilton aced while Kubica continued to record good timings at number two. Kimi Räikkönen recorded third fastest lap time compared to his fifth fastest in the earlier session. Timo Glock suffered a minor accident. Nico Rosberg, sprung a surprise by topping the Saturday session ahead of Räikkönen and Hamilton; the session was red flagged 45 minutes in when Toro Rosso's Sebastian Vettel hit the wall after losing control at turn nine, resulting in a number of drivers being unable to complete their flying laps. Further, Vettel's teammate Sébastien Bourdais suffered a crash at turn five. Saturday afternoon's qualifying session was divided into three parts. In the first 20-minute period, cars finishing 16th or lower were eliminated; the second qualifying period lasted for 15 minutes, at the end of which the fastest ten cars went into the final period, to determine their grid positions for the race.

Cars failing to make the final period were allowed to be refuelled before the race but those competing in it were not, so carried more fuel than they had done in the earlier qualifying sessions. Lewis Hamilton recorded the fastest time for the session, ahead of Felipe Massa and Heikki Kovalainen. Sebastian Vettel's poor season continued after he could not compete the qualifying following his crash in third practice session. Others eliminated in this session were Sébastien Bourdais, Adrian Sutil, Giancarlo Fisichella and Jenson Button. Bourdais received a five place grid penalty due to a gearbox change following the earlier practice session. Button too suffered a gearbox problem during his first lap run and clocked the slowest time for the session. Qualifying conditions were hampered by a disintegrating track, which caused most drivers to record slower times than in Q1. Track officials were seen clearing the track of debris in between sessions. Toyota's Jarno Trulli suffered from these conditions, his car spinning twice during the second session.

Trulli, along with Timo Glock, Kazuki Nakajima, David Coulthard and Nelson Piquet Jr. was unable to progress to the next session. Hamilton once again topped this session, with Massa and Räikkönen coming second and third respectively. Hamilton recorded quick times during early laps of the session, which were only surpassed by Robert Kubica towards the end of the session, but Hamilton on his final flying lap overcame Kubica's time claiming his second pole position at Montreal. Räikkönen came in third with teammate Massa pushed down to sixth position. Fernando Alonso and Nico Rosberg exhibited remarkable performances, taking positions four and five respectively. Mark Webber, who became a victim of the breaking track surface, could not compete in Q3 after damaging his car at the end of second session. There was severe criticism from drivers about track conditions; the track was said to be breaking up on turn two, the exit of turn seven and the apex and exit of turn 10. The authorities applied chemicals on turn 2 and carried out further resurfacing of track on turn 11 – the hairpin – following Saturday's qualifying session.

After overnight track work to fix problems with the track at turn 10, the race started with Hamilton holding his lead and all the cars making it through the first corner. Hamilton built up a lead of over 5 sec

William Gisborne was Colonial Secretary of New Zealand from 1869 to 1872, Minister of Public Works between 1870 and 1871. The city of Gisborne in New Zealand is named after him. Gisborne was born in 1825, he was the third son of Thomas John Gisborne of Holme Hall, near Bakewell in England. His mother was Sarah Gisborne, his grandfather was Thomas Gisborne. Thomas Gisborne the Younger was an uncle who represented various constituencies in the House of Commons between 1830 and 1852, his eldest sister, married William Evans, who would be made a baronet. William Gisborne emigrated to Australia in 1842 and to New Zealand in 1847, he was secretary to Edward John Eyre, the lieutenant governor of New Munster Province. He was appointed commissioner of Crown lands, a role for which he moved to New Zealand's capital, Auckland. Gisborne returned to England for 1852 and 1853. Afterwards, he held various roles as a civil servant, he resigned from the civil service in 1869. Gisborne married Caroline Gertrude Bridgen at St Mary's Church in the Auckland suburb of Parnell, the couple had four children.

The reason for Gisborne's resignation from the civil service was for him to be able to take on the role of Colonial Secretary in the third Fox Ministry. He was appointed to the New Zealand Legislative Council on 2 July 1869, resigned on 11 January 1871. A week he was elected to the New Zealand Parliament in the 1871 general election for the Egmont electorate, he resigned on 10 September 1872. In December 1875, Gisborne was a strong candidate for the Wellington mayoralty, but he fell out with the public over him favouring denominational education. In addition, he announced himself as a candidate for the 1875 general election in the City of Wellington electorate, that triggered a concerted effort to find a suitable mayoral opponent; when Gisborne lost the mayoral election against William Hutchison, he withdraw from the general election. Gisborne represented the Totara electorate from a 1877 by-election, following the death of George Henry Tribe, he was re-elected at the 1879 election and served until the end of that term of Parliament in 1881.

He returned to England in 1881 following the death of his elder brother Francis. In 1892 he inherited Allestree Hall from his brother-in-law, Sir William Evans, 1st Baronet, died there in 1898, his wife died in 1908. In 1870, the city of Gisborne in New Zealand was named after him; the township of Gisborne in Victoria, was named after Henry Fyshe Gisborne, a cousin of William Gisborne. Scholefield, Guy. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949. Wellington: Govt. Printer

Jay Morgan Philpot is a former state representative for District 45 in the heart of Salt Lake County and was the 2010 Republican nominee for Utah's 2nd congressional district. He is a former vice-chair of the Utah Republican Party. Philpot was a candidate for Governor of Utah. Philpot was born in Oregon. While attending the University of Utah, he interned at the White House in 1997. Having participated in Utah's caucus/convention system as a precinct chair, state delegate, county delegate, he ran for a seat in the Utah House of Representatives in 2000, he was re-elected in 2002. Just before the end of his second term, he resigned his seat in order to attend Ave Maria School of Law in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Upon graduation in 2007, he returned to Utah where he worked for the Utah Attorney General's office before accepting a position as the General Counsel and Government Affairs director for Reagan Outdoor Advertising. While in office, Philpot sponsored the Carson Smith Special Needs Scholarship bill, the Prohibition of Public Funding for Abortion and the Designation of Constitution & Bill of Rights Day in Utah.

He received awards from the Utah Taxpayer's Association, from "Grass Roots" which gave him top honors in 2002, 2003 and 2004. He received the "Guardian of Small Business" from NFIB and the Statesmanship Citation from the Newquist group. In early 2009, Philpot declared his intention to run against the incumbent vice-chair of the state Republican party, he claimed victory with 52% of the vote. While in office, he helped to create a Web Communications committee, which increased the party's digital engagement. On Jan 15, 2010, he announced his resignation as party vice-chair and his intention to run for Utah's Second Congressional District, he advanced out of convention without a primary and was defeated by the incumbent, Democrat Jim Matheson, by 5%. On December 1, 2011, Philpot publicly announced his plans to run for Governor of Utah, he came within a few percentage points of advancing out of convention to challenge the incumbent governor in the Republican primary. In January 2016, Philpot announced his candidacy for the Utah State Senate.

Philpot became the lawyer for Ammon Bundy on May 25, 2016. On October 27, 2016 an Oregon jury returned a startling verdict finding Ammon Bundy not guilty on all charges. Philpot subsequently served as co-counsel for Ammon Bundy in the Nevada Gold Butte Standoff trial where Judge Gloria Navarro dismissed the case against Cliven and Ryan Bundy and Ryan Payne with prejudice in early 2018 due to, among other things, outrageous government conduct. Philpot represents Jeanette Finicum in her wrongful death suit against the United States government for the killing of her husband Robert Lavoy Finicum during a combined FBI and Oregon State Police roadblock related to the 2016 occupation of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge. Morgan lives in Alpine, Utah with his wife and their five children. In February 2012, Philpot walked away uninjured after a crash sent him and two campaign staffers down a 100-foot embankment. Twitter: @MorganPhilpot Financial information at the Federal Election Commission Campaign contributions at OpenSecrets.org

The 3rd Connecticut Regiment was authorized on 16 September 1776 and was organized between 1 January - April 1777 of eight companies of volunteers from the counties of Windham and Hartford in the state of Connecticut. On 3 April 1777 it was assigned to the 1st Connecticut Brigade in the Highland's Department; the brigade was reassigned to the Main Continental Army on 15 June 1777 and reassigned back to the Highland's Department on 2 July 1777. One year 21 July 1778 the Brigade was reassigned to the Main Continental Army. On 28 May 1779 the Brigade was reassigned to the Highland's Department and 11 July 1779 the regiment was re-organized to nine companies. On 16 November 1780 the brigade was reassigned to the Main Continental Army. On 1 January 1781 the regiment was merged with the 4th Connecticut Regiment, re-organized to nine companies and re-designated as the 1st Connecticut Regiment; the regiment would see action in the New York Campaign. 3rd Connecticut Infantry Regiment - Civil War unit with this designation 3rd Connecticut Regiment 20th Continental Regiment Wright, Richard K..

"Lineage". The Continental Army. United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 60-4. Retrieved 2006-06-04. Bibliography of Connecticut's participation in the Continental Army compiled by the United States Army Center of Military History

Perla Helou is a Lebanese beauty queen, crowned Miss Lebanon in 2017. She participated in Miss World 2017 on November 18 in Sanya, China where she placed 7th in People's Choice, 4th in Multimedia and in the Top 40 overall among the 118 contestants, she won the head to head challenge of her group. Perla studied at the Saint Joseph University in Beirut, where she graduated in June 2016, in Business Administration, she is pursuing her Master in Management and Marketing degree in École supérieure des affaires. On September 24, 2017 Perla was crowned Miss Lebanon 2017 at Casino du Liban; the pageant was televised on LBCI and LDC. As Miss Lebanon, Perla competed at the Miss World 2017 pageant. Perla's answers on the judges questions in addition to her look helped. In the final question Perla was asked "In your opinion, can civil society protest movements change the reality of Lebanon?" She replied that "protesters should first agree on the objectives to be achieved in order to ensure the effectiveness of their movement."

Perla placed 7th in People's Choice, 4th in Multimedia and in the Top 40 overall among the 118 contestants. She won the head to head challenge of her group. Perla was among the top 10 in many prediction leaderboards, such as Zardebelleza's leaderboard and others. Perla chose to support the causes that she believes in, in empowering women. Miss Lebanon LBCI website