Pioneer Venus Orbiter
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The Pioneer Venus Orbiter, also known as Pioneer Venus 1 or Pioneer 12, was a mission to Venus conducted by NASA as part of the Pioneer Venus project. Launched in May 1978 atop an Atlas-Centaur rocket
Artist's impression of Pioneer 12 in orbit above Venus
Pioneer Venus 1 at KSC.
Orbiter Neutral Mass Spectrometer (ONMS)
Orbiter Plasma Analyzer (OPA)
Pioneer Venus Multiprobe
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The Pioneer Venus Multiprobe, also known as Pioneer Venus 2 or Pioneer 13, was a spacecraft launched in 1978 to explore Venus as part of NASA's Pioneer program. This part of the program included a spa
Pioneer Venus Orbiter
…27, 1985 - March 9, 1986), Wilson (March 13 - May 2, 1987), NTT (April 8, 1987), and McNaught (November 19–24, 1987) were all observed in this way. Pioneer Venus Multiprobe List of missions to Venus…
Artist's impression of the five components of Pioneer 13 approaching Venus
Pioneer Venus Bus with probes attached
Pioneer Venus Large Probe opens its parachute (artist's rendition).
Pioneer Venus Multiprobe infographic