A polygraph, often incorrectly referred to as a lie detector, is a device that measures and records several clinical biomarkers, such as blood pressure, pulse, respiratory rate, and skin conductivity,
American inventor Leonarde Keeler testing his improved polygraph on Arthur Koehler, a former witness for the prosecution at the 1935 trial of Richard Hauptmann
A polygraph being administered as part of the Manhattan Project, c. 1945
Demonstrating the administration of the polygraph, the polygrapher making notes on the readouts. 1970s
Brochure of the Defense Security Service (DSS) about polygraph testing
Aldrich Hazen Ames was an American counterintelligence officer with the Central Intelligence Agency who was convicted of espionage on behalf of the Soviet Union and Russia in 1994.
Polygraph
…effective beyond its ability to generate admissions". Despite the NAS finding of a "high rate of false positives," failures to expose individuals such as Aldrich Ames and Larry Wu-Tai Chin, and other inabilities to show a scientific justification for the use of the polygraph, it continues to be employed. Several…
Ames's portrait in the 1958 McLean High School yearbook
Replacement of the mailbox used by Ames; a horizontal chalk mark above the USPS logo at 37th and R Streets, Washington, D.C., was a signal that a meeting with the Soviets was needed. The original mailbox is now housed in the International Spy Museum.
FBI photo of the mailbox featuring the horizontal chalk mark placed by Ames on October 13, 1993, to arrange a meeting with his Russian intelligence handlers.