Pope Urban III
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Pope Urban III served as head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 25 November 1185 until his death in 1187. A native of Milan, Urban III was elected pope at a time of intense con
Urban III in a 14th-century miniature
Bulla of Urban III
Battle of Hattin
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The Battle of Hattin took place on 4 July 1187, between the Crusader states of the Levant and the forces of the Ayyubid Sultanate of Egypt, led by Sultan Saladin. It is also known as the Battle of the
Pope Urban III
…coincided with mounting instability in the eastern Mediterranean. Although he died shortly after news of the defeat of the Kingdom of Jerusalem at the Battle of Hattin reached Europe in 1187, his reign formed part of the immediate prelude to the Third Crusade, which was proclaimed by his successor Pope Gregory VIII…
The Battle of Hattin, from a 13th-century manuscript of the Chronica Majora depicting the capture of the True Cross by Saladin.
Horns of Hattin, 2005, as viewed from the east
Battle of Hattin (Gustave Doré)