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Problem of two emperors
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In historiography, the problem of two emperors or two-emperor problem is the historical contradiction between the idea of the universal empire, that there was only ever one true emperor at any one giv
Gold solidus depicting Empress Irene (left) on the obverse, and her son Constantine VI (right) on the reverse
Gold solidus depicting Empress Irene (left) on the obverse, and her son Constantine VI (right) on the reverse
Refusing to recognize the Eastern Empire, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne as emperor.
Refusing to recognize the Eastern Empire, Pope Leo III crowned Charlemagne as emperor.
Denarius of Frankish king Charlemagne, who was crowned as Roman Emperor Karolus Imperator Augustus in the year 800 by Pope Leo III due to, and in oppo
Denarius of Frankish king Charlemagne, who was crowned as Roman Emperor Karolus Imperator Augustus in the year 800 by Pope Leo III due to, and in opposition to, the Roman Empire in the East being ruled by Irene, a woman. His coronation was strongly opposed by the Eastern Empire.
Coin of Byzantine emperor Basil I which titles him as Basilios Augustus
Coin of Byzantine emperor Basil I which titles him as Basilios Augustus
Irene of Athens
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Irene of Athens, surname Sarantapechaena, was Byzantine empress consort to Emperor Leo IV from 775 to 780, regent during the childhood of their son Constantine VI from 780 until 790, co-ruler from 792
Problem of two emperors
…various Christian kingdoms throughout Europe. This changed in 797 when Emperor Constantine VI was deposed and replaced as ruler by his mother, Empress Irene, whose rule was not accepted in Western Europe. Pope Leo III proclaimed the king of the Franks, Charlemagne, as the emperor of the Romans in 800 under…
Solidus of Irene issued during her sole reign
Solidus of Irene issued during her sole reign
Gold solidus showing Irene as regent along her son Constantine VI; Irene took control of the throne and ruled the empire solo until 790.
Gold solidus showing Irene as regent along her son Constantine VI; Irene took control of the throne and ruled the empire solo until 790.
Irene of Athens (or Irene Doukaina) in the Pala d'Oro, Venice.
Irene of Athens (or Irene Doukaina) in the Pala d'Oro, Venice.
15th century mural depicting Irene and Constantine VI at the Seventh ecumenical council of 787.
15th century mural depicting Irene and Constantine VI at the Seventh ecumenical council of 787.