1.
South Luzon Expressway
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The first expressway is the Metro Manila Skyway System, operated jointly by the Skyway Operation and Management Corporation and Citra Metro Manila Tollways Corporation. The second expressway, the South Luzon Tollway or Alabang-Calamba-Sto, Tomas Expressway, is jointly operated by the South Luzon Tollway Corporation, a joint venture of the PNCC and the SMC-backed Citra group of Indonesia via the Manila Toll Expressway Systems, Inc. The expressway is a component of Expressway 2 of the Philippine highway network, most of the part of the expressway is part of the N1 from Magallanes Interchange onto Calamba Exit. The South Luzon Expressway network currently cuts southwards from the City of Manila up to the provinces of Laguna, Cavite, in the future, it will run towards Quezon, Camarines Sur, Albay and Sorsogon as part of its expansion plans. It is composed of the Metro Manila Skyway System and the South Luzon Tollway/Alabang-Calamba-Santo Tomas Expressway, Sergio Osmeña Sr. Highway and Dr. Jose P. Rizal Highway. Sergio Osmeña Sr. Highway segment starts from an intersection at Quirino Avenue in Paco, Manila, the part of Osmeña Highway which passes through Manila, Makati, Pasay and Taguig is a toll-free highway before reaching the Nichols Toll Plaza from which the tolled expressway begins. Heading southward, the expressway has exits in C-5 Road in Taguig, the Merville Subdivision and Bicutan in Parañaque, and Sucat, Alabang and this segment was formerly known as South Superhighway before Republic Act 6760 was passed, naming it after former President Sergio Osmeña. This highway may be called local lanes of the Expressway within Metro Manila, most of Osmeña Highway parallels the PNR Metro South Commuter Line. Osmeña Highway starts at the light with Quirino Avenue. It then crosses San Andres Street, Ocampo Street, and Zobel Roxas Street, the highway climbs over to pass above Gil Puyat Avenue through the Buendia Flyover, with service roads to serve that avenue and several side streets. The Skyway starts on the ramps past Buendia Flyover, Osmeña Highway crosses over Arnaiz Avenue, and soon crosses over EDSA at the Magallanes Interchange. The concurrency with the Pan-Philippine Highway starts at that interchange, except that it is not signed until the expressway reaches Carmona. Past Magallanes Interchange, the highway features 5 lanes, with 1 lane designated as motorcycle lanes until it comes near Nichols Interchange, Osmeña Highway becomes a toll road past the Sales Interchange, with motorcycles below 400cc prohibited to use the tolled expressway. Past the Sales Interchange, Osmeña Highway becomes the tolled South Luzon Expressway, the expressway includes two service roads until Alabang Exit. The PNR Metro South Commuter Line runs between the South Luzon Expressway and Skyway until it passes over C-5 Exit, the expressway and its service roads run through the Pasay-Taguig boundary until it reaches C-5 Exit. Past C-5 Exit, Skyway runs over South Luzon Expressway up to Alabang, South Luzon Expressway slightly curves and passes over Bicutan, running as a straight route with the Skyway above until it reaches Alabang Exit and Alabang Viaduct. The expressways mostly runs through the Parañaque-Taguig boundary until it comes near Sucat, South Luzon Expressway and Skyway enters Muntinlupa, passing over barangays Sucat, Buli, and Cupang, before approaching Alabang. Skyway soon leaves, curves westward, and descends toward Alabang-Zapote Road, Alabang Exit is the terminus of the expressway from 1969 to 1976, before the Alabang Viaduct was built and extended until Calamba Exit
2.
Taft Avenue
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Taft Avenue is a major road thoroughfare in Metro Manila. It crosses through three cities of the capital region, Manila, Pasay and Parañaque. The road was named after the former Governor-General of the Philippines and U. S President, the Philippines was a former commonwealth territory of the United States in the first half of the twentieth century. Construction of this avenue, originally called Calle Rizal, was completed in 1899, with Padre Burgos Street as its northern terminus, engineers Manny Aquino and Robin Santos led its extension in 1911, and the avenue was renamed Manila Road. However, a map of Manila produced in 1915 by the Office of Department Engineer, Philippine Department and it was extended to Ocampo Street (formerly Vito Cruz Street in 1940, at the height of World War II, during the Japanese occupation of the Philippines. It was renamed Taft Avenue in 1984 and it also reclaimed Mexico Road, the Manila LRT Line 1, the first elevated rail track in the Philippines, was built over it and opened in that same year. If Bold had a Street Crossings, the avenue straight ahead would be later known as Padre Burgos Avenue and spurs into three bridges then streets, Quezon Boulevard, Rizal Avenue, and Quintin Paredes Street. The office of the World Health Organization Western Pacific Region is located on Taft Avenue, Taft Avenue forms a part of the University Belt. The College of Saint Benilde, Santa Isabel College Manila, Emilio Aguinaldo College, Araullo High School, the National Cathedral of the Holy Child of the Philippine Independent Church is located on Taft Avenue. Taft Avenue is accessed through jeepneys, taxis, the Manila LRT Line 1, the avenue houses some stations of the LRT-1 namely, EDSA, Libertad, Gil Puyat, Vito Cruz, Quirino Avenue, Pedro Gil, United Nations
3.
Roxas Boulevard
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Roxas Boulevard is a popular waterfront promenade in Manila in the Philippines. The boulevard, which runs along the shores of Manila Bay, is known for its sunsets. The divided roadway has become a trademark of Philippine tourism, famed for its club, hotels, restaurants, commercial buildings. Originally called Cavite Boulevard, it was renamed Dewey Boulevard in honor of the American Admiral George Dewey, the boulevard is also an eight-lane major arterial road in Metro Manila designated as Radial Road 1 that connects the center of the City of Manila with Pasay and Parañaque. It is also a national road designated as a component of N61 of the Philippine highway network. The arcing road runs in a direction from Luneta in Manila and ends in Parañaque at the intersection of NAIA Road. Beyond its southern terminus, starts the Manila-Cavite Expressway, also known as the Coastal Road, or more recently, the Cavite Boulevard was part of Architect Daniel Burnhams plan for beautifying the city of Manila. The boulevards seaward side should be planted so as to interrupt occasionally the view of the sea and, by thus adding somewhat of mystery, enhance the value of the stretch of ocean and sky. The boulevard would be on reclaimed land to about as far south as the Old Fort San Antonio Abad in Malate, beyond which it strikes the beach and follows the shore line to Cavite
4.
Malate, Manila
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Malate is a district of Manila, Philippines. Together with the district of Ermita, it serves as Manilas center for commerce, the word Malate is believed to have stemmed from the corruption of the Tagalog word maalat. Tradition notes that the tidewaters from Manila Bay flowed far inland, Malate during the Spanish colonial period was an open space with a small fishing village. During the Spanish period, the center of activity was the Malate Church, devotion to the image was especially popular among pregnant women having a difficult pregnancy. American expatriates and some of the old Spanish mestizo families populated the district in high rise apartments. Despite extensive damage after the Second World War, many homes, the displaced wealthy families who evacuated their homes during the war returned and re-built their private villas and kept the whole district exclusively residential until the 1970s. During the presidency of Ferdinand Marcos, visual and performing artists found a haven in Malate during the 1980s and it became a bohemian enclave and safe haven. Malate is continuously transforming itself as the center of recreation and entertainment for Manila with more restaurants, boutiques, bars, discos and novelty stores opening for business. The block bounded by the streets, Maria Orosa, Julio Nakpil, Adriatico and Remedios have become synonymous to street parties, al fresco dining, street dancing and concerts. The western side of Malate across Taft Avenue remains a quiet area with several apartment rows converted into dormitories for students enrolled at nearby schools. The district can be accessed by the main roads like the Roxas Boulevard, Quirino Avenue. The Light Rail Transit follows Taft Avenue and stops at three stations located in Malate, Vito Cruz Station, Quirino Station and Pedro Gil Station, the Bureau of Plant Industry is also headquartered in the area. In the 1990s, Malate and the district of Ermita had been cleaned-up and big businesses. Harrison Plaza, Manilas first enclosed mall, is located in the Malate district. There is one hospital, the Ospital ng Maynila Medical Center, located at the corner of Roxas Boulevard, the district is also home to the Philippines first sports stadium, the Rizal Memorial Sports Complex and the countrys premiere zoological park, the Manila Zoological and Botanical Garden. Promenades and parks by the Manila Bay have been more convenient and safe with the opening of the Manila Baywalk area. A portion of the Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex also lies within the district, education in Malate is mostly provided by private schools. Paul University Manila and St. Scholasticas College Manila, prominent secondary schools in Malate are the Jesus Reigns Christian Academy, Jose Abad Santos Memorial School and the Malate Catholic School
5.
Philippine highway network
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The Philippine highway network refers to the highway system of the Philippines. The national roads connecting major cities are numbered N1–N49 and they are mostly single and dual carriageways linking three or more cities. Expressways in the Philippines are mostly fully-controlled access, multi-lane, divided toll roads that are owned and which are limited to Metro Manila. However, in terms of the quality of the system, i. e. the percentage of paved roads and the percentage of those in good or fair condition. They are further classified into the backbone, east–west lateral. The east-west lateral roads are roads that traverse this backbone and runs east-west across the different islands, other roads of strategic importance provide access to other areas vital for regional development and infrastructure. The national secondary roads are roads that complement the primary roads and they directly link smaller cities and provincial capitals, airports, seaports, and tourist centers to the primary roads. A third classification was introduced in 2014 known as national tertiary roads and they include other existing roads administered by the DPWH which perform a local function. The national roads in the Philippines are labelled with pentagonal black-on-white highway shields, under the Route Numbering System of the DPWH, highways numbered N1 to N11 are the main routes or corridors, such as the national primary roads that connect 3 or more cities. The other primary roads that link two cities are numbered N50 to N82, the national secondary roads are assigned with three-digit numbers where the first digit corresponds to the number of the primary road it links to. In the case where the road connects to more than one primary road. Expressways are also numbered and are designated with the prefix E, in Metro Manila, an older route numbering system is also being implemented alongside the DPWH highway routes. The Philippine highway network consists of the routes, as of 2015. They are prefixed by the letter E for Expressway and are numbered continuously, transportation in the Philippines List of expressways in the Philippines List of bridges in the Philippines Philippine Nautical Highway System
6.
Philippines
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The Philippines, officially the Republic of the Philippines, is a sovereign island country in Southeast Asia situated in the western Pacific Ocean. It consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south, Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, the capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City, both part of Metro Manila. The Philippines has an area of 300,000 square kilometers, and it is the eighth-most populated country in Asia and the 12th most populated country in the world. As of 2013, approximately 10 million additional Filipinos lived overseas, multiple ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands. In prehistoric times, Negritos were some of the archipelagos earliest inhabitants and they were followed by successive waves of Austronesian peoples. Exchanges with Chinese, Malay, Indian, and Islamic nations occurred, then, various competing maritime states were established under the rule of Datus, Rajahs, Sultans or Lakans. The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in Homonhon, Eastern Samar in 1521 marked the beginning of Hispanic colonization, in 1543, Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos named the archipelago Las Islas Filipinas in honor of Philip II of Spain. With the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi from Mexico City, in 1565, the Philippines became part of the Spanish Empire for more than 300 years. This resulted in Roman Catholicism becoming the dominant religion, during this time, Manila became the western hub of the trans-Pacific trade connecting Asia with Acapulco in the Americas using Manila galleons. Aside from the period of Japanese occupation, the United States retained sovereignty over the islands until after World War II, since then, the Philippines has often had a tumultuous experience with democracy, which included the overthrow of a dictatorship by a non-violent revolution. It is a member of the United Nations, World Trade Organization, Association of Southeast Asian Nations, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum. It also hosts the headquarters of the Asian Development Bank, the Philippines was named in honor of King Philip II of Spain. Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos, during his expedition in 1542, named the islands of Leyte, eventually the name Las Islas Filipinas would be used to cover all the islands of the archipelago. Before that became commonplace, other such as Islas del Poniente. The official name of the Philippines has changed several times in the course of its history, during the Philippine Revolution, the Malolos Congress proclaimed the establishment of the República Filipina or the Philippine Republic. From the 1898 Treaty of Paris, the name Philippines began to appear, since the end of World War II, the official name of the country has been the Republic of the Philippines. The metatarsal of the Callao Man, reliably dated by uranium-series dating to 67,000 years ago is the oldest human remnant found in the archipelago to date and this distinction previously belonged to the Tabon Man of Palawan, carbon-dated to around 26,500 years ago. Negritos were also among the archipelagos earliest inhabitants, but their first settlement in the Philippines has not been reliably dated, there are several opposing theories regarding the origins of ancient Filipinos
N140 (Lacson Avenue) in Paco
AH26 / N120 (Roxas Boulevard) in Malate.svg)
N141 (Tomas Claudio Street)
N156 (Quirino Avenue Extension)
N145 (Osmeña Highway)
N170 (Taft Avenue)
