Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia
Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia included indigenous Arabian polytheism, ancient Semitic religions, Christianity, Judaism, Mandaeism, and Zoroastrianism.
Alabaster votive figurines from Yemen, now in the National Museum of Oriental Art, Rome
Gilded statue of the Canaanite creator god El, BC. 1400–1200 El-Megiddo. El is considered the origin of the words Ilah and continues to appear in compound names such as Gabriel, Michael, Azrael, Ishmael, etc.
Nabataean baetyl depicting a goddess, possibly al-Uzza.
Bas-relief: Nemesis, al-Lat and the dedicator. Palmyrene, 2nd–3rd century AD.
Pre-Islamic Arabia, referring to the Arabian Peninsula before Muhammad's first revelation in 610 CE, is referred to in Islam in the context of jahiliyyah, highlighting the prevalence of paganism throughout the region at the time.
Gravestone of a young woman named Aban, portrayed frontally with a raised right hand and a sheaf of a wheat in her left hand, symbolizing fertility. British Museum, London
Dilmun and its neighbors in the 10th century BCE.
Gerrha and its neighbors in 1 CE.
Asia in 600 CE, showing the Sassanid Empire before the Arab conquest.