Rubrication
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Rubrication is the addition of text in red ink to a manuscript for emphasis. Practitioners of rubrication, so-called rubricators or rubrishers, were specialized scribes who received text from the orig
Rubrication and illumination in the Malmesbury Bible from 1407
Detail from a rare Blackletter Bible (1497) printed and rubricated in Strasbourg by Johann Grüninger
Extract of the second letter of St Paul to the Corinthians (2 Corinthians 6:5–7), and of the second letter of St Peter (2 Peter 2:4–5.7–9), with red ink for certain characters.
Book of the Dead, showing red ink for some hieroglyphs.
Rubric
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A rubric is a word or section of text that is traditionally written or printed in red ink for emphasis. The word derives from the Latin rubrica, meaning red ochre or red chalk, and originates in medie
Rubrication
…to introduce the subject of the following section or to declare its purpose and function. Rubrication was used so often in this regard that the term rubric was commonly used as a generic term for headers of any type or color, though it technically referred only to headers to which red ink had been added…
Dominican Missal, c. 1240, with rubrics in red (Historical Museum of Lausanne)
Rubrics in an illuminated gradual of c. 1500
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