Scarff ring
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The Scarff ring was a type of machine gun mounting developed during the First World War by Warrant Officer F. W. Scarff of the Admiralty Air Department for use on two-seater aircraft. The mount incorp
Scarff ring on an Airco DH.9
Scarff ring on a Bristol F.2B at the Shuttleworth Collection
Soviet aircraft used the Scarff ring into WWII, here seen mounting a ShKAS machine gun.
Junkers Ju 52
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The Junkers Ju 52, best known in its Ju 52/3m form is a transport aircraft that was designed and manufactured by German aviation company Junkers. First introduced in 1930 as a civilian airliner, it wa
Scarff ring
…Germans developed a similar system called the Drehkranz D 30 (German: "slewing ring") which was used on a number of German aircraft, most notably the Junkers Ju 52. In British use the Scarff ring was replaced in the 1930s by specialised power-operated turrets such as those made by Boulton Paul or Nash & Thompson…
JU Air Junkers Ju 52/3m HB/HOS in flight over Austria (July 2013)
An early version had one engine, and the three engine version was also developed. Trimotors were popular in the 1920s including models from Fokker and Ford (see Fokker Trimotor, Ford Trimotor).
The more familiar three radial engine configuration
One of the many unique military variants; here is a minesweeping version (note ring), 1942.