The Sheikhdom of Kuwait was a sheikhdom during the pre-oil era. The sheikhdom became a British protectorate between 1899 and 1961 following the Anglo-Kuwaiti agreement of 1899. This agreement was made between Sheikh Mubarak Al-Sabah and the British Government in India, primarily as a defensive measure against threats from the Ottoman Empire. After 1961, the sheikdom became the state of Kuwait.
Sheikhdom of Kuwait
The Al-Hashemi-II Marine Museum in Kuwait City
Mubarak al-Sabah 1903
The Kuwait Red Fort in al Jahra
A protectorate, in the context of international relations, is a state that is under protection by another state for defence against aggression and other violations of law. It is a dependent territory that enjoys autonomy over most of its internal affairs, while still recognizing the suzerainty of a more powerful sovereign state without being a possession. In exchange, the protectorate usually accepts specified obligations depending on the terms of their arrangement. Usually protectorates are established de jure by a treaty. Under certain conditions—as with Egypt under British rule (1882–1914)—a state can also be labelled as a de facto protectorate or a veiled protectorate.
1960 stamp of Bechuanaland Protectorate with the portraits of Queen Victoria and Queen Elizabeth II
1 Sapèque – Protectorate of Tonkin (1905)
5000 kronen – Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (1939–1945)