The Queenslander
The Queenslander was the weekly summary and literary edition of the Brisbane Courier, since the 1850s the leading journal in the colony and federal state of Queensland, Australia. The Queenslander was launched by the Brisbane Newspaper Company in 1866 and it was discontinued in 1939. In a country the size of Australia a daily newspaper of some prominence could only reach the bush and outlying districts if it published a weekly edition, yet the Queenslander, under the managing editorship of Gresley Lukin came to find additional use as a literary magazine. The Queenslander was first published on 3 February 1866 by Thomas Blacket Stephens in Brisbane and ceased publication after the last edition on 22 February 1939; the paper has been digitised as part of the Australian Newspapers Digitisation Program of the National Library of Australia. List of newspapers in Australia The Queenslander at Trove Cover gallery, Second cover gallery
Shire of Burke
The Shire of Burke is a local government area in North West Queensland, Australia. The shire lies on the south coast of the Gulf of Carpentaria and abuts the border with the Northern Territory, it covers an area of 40,126.8 square kilometres, has existed as a local government entity since 1885. The major town and administrative centre of the shire is Burketown; the shire and town and the Burke River passing through all are named in honour of ill-fated explorer Robert O'Hara Burke. From the months of August to November, a rare meteorological phenomenon known as "Morning Glory" – long, tubular clouds, some up to 1000 km in length – are observed in the skies above Burke Shire; the shire contains the World Heritage Site Riversleigh fossil fields. The Aboriginal Shire of Doomadgee lies inside Burke Shire to the west of Burketown, it includes Gregory Downs. The Doonmunya Division was created on 11 November 1879 as one of 74 divisions around Queensland under the Divisional Boards Act 1879 with a population of 396.
However, the divisional board appeared to be inactive because the division was so large and was sparsely settled. Nonetheless some of the citizens were unhappy about this. On 11 January 1883, the Doonmunya Division was abolished and a new Carpentaria Division was created to replace it. However, once the Carpentaria Divisional Board became operational, the residents of the Burketown area became concerned that their rates were to be spent on the Normanton area rather than their own and began to agitate for their own division west of the Leichhardt River. On 30 January 1885, the Burke Division was created from lands within the Carpentaria Division with some adjustments to the Cloncurry Division. On 31 March 1903, Burke Division became the Shire of Burke; the Shire of Burke includes the following settlements: Burketown Gidya Gregory Lawn Hill Nicholson The Burke Shire Council operate public library in Burketown. 1927: F. T. Webber 2008–2012: Annie Clarke 2012–: Ernie Camp The populations below exclude the Aboriginal community of Doomadgee, which hovered between 800-1000 residents for most of the period under consideration.
"Burke Shire". Queensland Places. Centre for the Government of Queensland, University of Queensland
Aboriginal Shire of Kowanyama
The Aboriginal Shire of Kowanyama is a special local government area, located on western Cape York Peninsula in Queensland, Australia. It is managed under a Deed of Grant in Trust under the Local Government Act 2004; the area was set up as the Mitchell River Mission in 1916. Aboriginal people from the region were drawn from their traditional lands into the mission settlement. Language groups associated with countries in the Kowanyama region are Yir-Yoront, Yirrk Thangalkl, Koko Bera and Kunjen. In 1967 the Anglican church were no longer able to sustain their activities in the area as a Church Mission; the Department of Aboriginal and Islander Affairs, a government department, under the Act continued running the affairs of the community. On 23 July 1987, under the Community Services Act 1984, a Deed of Grant in Trust was given to the Kowanyama community over the lands in the Mitchell River delta. Like other DOGIT communities of the time, Kowanyama had a town Council elected by Aboriginal people living in the community.
The newly formed Kowanyama Council assumed responsibility for implementing certain conditions of the DOGIT. Seven elected; as the Shire operates under the Local Government Act 2009, the Shire Council's responsibilities are the the same as other local government in remote Queensand including for fisheries, alcohol management and operation of some commercial enterprises. 2008-2012: Thomas Farlane Hudson 2012–2016: Robert Holness 2016–: Michael Yam Kowanyama, Queensland University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Kowanyama Aboriginal Shire Council PDF Map including detail of Kowanyama DOGIT Lands
Shire of Cook
The Shire of Cook is a local government area in Far North Queensland, Australia. The Shire covers most of the eastern and central parts of Cape York Peninsula, the most northerly section of the Australian mainland, it covers an area of 106,188.4 square kilometres, has existed as a local government entity since 1919. The Daintree and Hann Divisions were created on 11 November 1879 as two of 74 divisions around Queensland under the Divisional Boards Act 1879. With the passage of the Local Authorities Act 1902, they became the Shires of Daintree and Hann on 31 March 1903. On 16 January 1919, they merged to form the Shire of Cook; the Borough of Cooktown was proclaimed as a separate municipality on 3 April 1876 under the Municipal Institutions Act 1864. On 24 August 1932, the Town of Cooktown was absorbed back into Cook Shire. Prior to 2005, a number of Aboriginal communities administered under Deed of Grant in Trust by community councils were part of the Shire's area, but they were formally excised and given a new status as Aboriginal Shires.
This formed part of the Meeting Challenges, Making Choices strategy developed in response to the Cape York Justice Study undertaken by Justice Fitzgerald QC in November 2001. The Local Government Reform process in July 2007 concluded that amalgamation of the Shire would not result in any benefits to service delivery and management for the area, noting that it was the largest local government by area and had no community of interest with any neighbouring areas; the council was, reduced from seven to six councillors with an additional elected mayor. The Shire of Cook includes the following settlements: 1 – shared with the Shire of Douglas 2 – shared with the Aboriginal Shire of Hope Vale 3 – shared with the Aboriginal Shire of Lockhart River 4 – shared with the Aboriginal Shire of Mapoon And a number of islands in the Coral Sea, including: Raine Island Lizard Island The Cook Shire Council operate public libraries at Bloomfield and Cooktown. 1901–1904: John Hargreaves 1927: H. L. Lee 2008–: Peter Scott The population of the Shire of Cook, along with Torres and Mornington, have been singled out by the Australian Bureau of Statistics, who conduct the quinquennial census, as difficult to measure accurately.
Reasons for this include cultural and language barriers and geographical spread of the population, who are located in isolated communities. As such, all figures are to be lower than the actual population on the census date. Additionally, prior to 1971, Aboriginal people who form a majority of the population were not counted in census statistics; until 1 July 2002, the Australian Bureau of Statistics included the Island and DOGIT councils within the Shire of Cook statistical local area. Information for the reduced Shire back to 1996 has been provided on the ABS website through the Time Series Profile. University of Queensland: Queensland Places: Cook Shire
Cloncurry, Queensland
Cloncurry is a town and locality in the Shire of Cloncurry, Australia. It is the administrative centre of the shire. At the 2016 census, Cloncurry recorded a population of 2,719 people. Cloncurry is known as the Friendly Heart of the Great North West and celebrated its 150th anniversary in 2017. Cloncurry was recognised for its liveability, winning the Queensland's Friendliest Town award twice by environmental movement Keep Queensland Beautiful, first in 2013 and again in 2018. Cloncurry is situated in the north-west of Queensland, 770 kilometres west of the city of Townsville via the Flinders Highway; the town lies adjacent to the Cloncurry River. Cattle grazing is the significant industry in the region, a large sale yards is located in the town; the first Europeans to traverse these tribal lands of peoples such as the Maithakari and the Wanamara, were Burke and Wills on their epic, fatal, transcontinental expedition. The Cloncurry River was named by Burke after Lady Elizabeth Cloncurry, his cousin, with the town taking its name from the river.
Ernest Henry discovered copper in the area in 1867, the town sprang up to service the Great Australia Mine to the south. Roger Sheaffe established the first pastoral run in the Cloncurry district - "Fort Constantine". Gold was discovered at Top Camp; the town was surveyed in 1876. Cloncurry was proclaimed a town in 1884; the Cloncurry Advocate was a newspaper published in Cloncurry between 1889 and 1953. Queensland's Northern Line railway reached Cloncurry in December 1907 and was opened the next year. In 1914 a fire broke out in the town resulting in the destruction of the Post Office, the hotel, eleven shops, two store-rooms and a cottage; the telegraph office was saved by employees who kept the office damp and protected with wet blankets. One man died in the blaze which cost an estimated £15,000; the discovery of uranium at Mary Kathleen brought wealth to the community in the 1950s. Until the development of Mount Isa in the 1960s, Cloncurry was the administrative centre of the region; the first-ever flight of the Royal Flying Doctor Service of Australia took place from Cloncurry on 15 May 1928, using a de Havilland DH.50 aircraft hired from the small airline, Qantas.
A Royal Flying Doctor Service museum is situated in the town. The population in Cloncurry decreased from 3,898 in 1996 to 2,900 in 2002, it declined further to 2,719 by 2016. The Cloncurry Bob McDonald Library opened in 2012. Cloncurry has a number of heritage-listed sites, including: Via Sheaffe Street: Mount Elliott Company Metallurgical Plant and Mill 42-48 Daintree Street: Cloncurry Courthouse 47 Scarr Street: Cloncurry Post Office Cloncurry was regarded as holding the record for the highest temperature recorded in Australia at 53.1 °C on 16 January 1889. Recent investigations have revealed that this temperature was measured in an improvised screen made from a beer crate and that it equated to 47–49 °C under standard conditions; the highest temperature recorded at Cloncurry's current weather station is 46.9 °C, well short of the now disputed 1889 temperature of 53.1 °C. The average annual rainfall is 584.5 mm all of which falls In the months of December to March Because of the area's extreme solar conditions, Cloncurry was expected to become Australia's first solar-powered town.
However the planned 10MW Thermal solar plant was scrapped due to light pollution concerns and a 2.128MW flat panel photovoltaic solar farm was to be built in its place. However, the Queensland Government withdrew financial support for the solar farm in May 2012. Writer Alexis Wright grew up in Cloncurry. Association Footballer Kasey Wehrman was born in Cloncurry, he went on to play domestically and in Scandinavia. His achievements include winning a NSL Championship in 1996-1997 with the Brisbane Strikers and being capped several times with the Australian National Team. Politician Bob Katter was born in Cloncurry in 1945. Athlete Robert Crowther was born in Cloncurry, he went on to win the 2006 World Junior Championships in Beijing, China with a jump of 8.00m, the 2007 World Uni Games in Bangkok with a jump of 8.02m, was the 2008 Australian long jump champion at the 2008 Australian Athletics Championships held in Brisbane. He represented Australia at the 2011 World Championships in South Korea, he missed out on 2 Olympics due to injury.
Cloncurry has a public library, public swimming pool, racecourse, Flying Doctor museum and a mineral display in the old post office. The Cloncurry Shire Council operates a public library in Cloncurry at Scarr Street; the Cloncurry branch of the Queensland Country Women's Association has its rooms at Charlotte Scott House in Scarr Street. Charlotte Scott was a dedicated member of the Cloncurry QCWA who died in 1992 having spent most of her life in Cloncurry, she was well known for her dancing the Charleston. Cloncurry State School is a government co-educational Prep to Year 12 School at Daintree St. Cloncurry. In 2015 the School had 281 students enrolled with a teaching staff of 28 FTE and 15 FTE non teaching staff; the general population in the community is transient with 40% turnover in student enrolment in 2015. 60% of student enrolment identify as Aboriginal and or Torres Strait Islander. Cloncurry has linkages to other destinations via major coach operators such as Greyhound and Bus Queensland.
A weekday service to Mount Isa is operated by Cloncurry Coaches as well as local charter services within the area for mining, sporting bodies and special events. See Cloncurry Airport During World War 2, Cloncurry was the location of RAAF No.23 Inland Aircraft Fuel Dep
Census in Australia
The census in Australia, or the Census of Population and Housing, collects key characteristic data on every person in Australia, the place they are staying in, on a particular night. The census is the largest statistical collection compiled by the Australian Bureau of Statistics and is held every five years. Participation in the census is compulsory; the Australian Bureau of Statistics is legislated to collect and disseminate census data under the Australian Bureau of Statistics Act 1975, the Census and Statistics Act 1905. The first Australian census was held in 1911, on the night of 2 April and subsequent censuses were held in 1921, 1933, 1947, 1954 and 1961. In 1961 the five-year period was introduced. Censuses are held on the second Tuesday of August; the most recent was held on 9 August 2016 at a cost of $440 million. The census counts all people who are located within Australia and its external and internal territories, with the exception of foreign diplomats and their families, on census night.
For the first time, in 2016 Norfolk Island was included in the Australian census rather than being conducted by the Norfolk Island Government. The census examines data such as age, incomes, dwelling types and occupancy, transportation modes, languages spoken, religion; the census is collected and published against geographic areas defined by the Australian Standard Geographical Classification. The ASGC provides a set of geographic classifications for the dissemination of all ABS statistics. In 2007 the ABS published; the primary aim of mesh blocks is to provide a building block for constructing alternative and more relevant geographies. Only data on total persons and total dwellings is released at the mesh block level. Mesh blocks will form the basis of a new statistical geography, the Australian Statistical Geography Standard; the traditional concept of a Collection District is that it was the area that one census collector can cover in about a ten-day period. In the 2001 census, collectors may be allocated more than one urban collection district because of their size.
In urban areas collection districts average about 220 dwellings. In rural areas the number of dwellings per collection district reduces as population densities decrease. For the 2016 census there were 358,122'mesh blocks' and 57,523 spatial Statistical Area Level 1 regions defined throughout Australia; the Census and Statistics Act 1905 and Privacy Act 1988 guarantee that no personally-identifiable information is released from the ABS to other government organisations, or the public. However the ABS makes confidential census data available to researchers, who must make various legal commitments before being given access. In the 1970s there was public debate about the census. In 1979 the Law Reform Commission reported on the Census. One of the key elements under question was the inclusion of names, it was found. On 18 December 2015, the ABS announced that it will retain name and address data collected in the 2016 census for up to four years; this was an increase from 18 months in the 2011 censuses.
From 1971 to 1996 the ABS had a policy of destruction of the original census forms and their electronic representations, as well as field records. Prior to that it appears there was no explicit policy of destruction, but most material had been destroyed because of lack of storage facilities; however the 2001 census offered, for the first time, an option to have personal data archived by the National Archives of Australia and released to the public 99 years and in 2001 54% of Australians agreed to do so. Indigenous Australians in contact with the colonists were enumerated at many of the colonial censuses; when the Federation of Australia occurred in 1901, the new Constitution contained a provision, which said: "In reckoning the numbers of the people of the Commonwealth, or of a State or other part of the Commonwealth, aboriginal natives shall not be counted." In 1967, a referendum was held which approved two amendments to the Australian constitution relating to indigenous Australians. The second of the two amendments deleted Section 127 from the Constitution.
It was believed at the time of the referendum, is still said, that Section 127 meant that aboriginal people were not counted in Commonwealth censuses before 1967. In fact section 127 related to calculating the population of the states and territories for the purpose of allocating seats in Parliament and per capita Commonwealth grants, its purpose was to prevent Queensland and Western Australia using their large aboriginal populations to gain extra seats or extra funds. Thus the Commonwealth Bureau of Census and Statistics interpreted Section 127 as meaning that they may enumerate "aboriginal natives" but that they must be excluded from published tabulations of population. Aboriginal people living in settled areas were counted to a greater or lesser extent in all censuses before 1967; the first Commonwealth Statistician, George Handley Knibbs, obtained a legal opinion that "persons of the half blood" or less are not "aboriginal natives" for the purposes of the Constitution. At the first Australian census in 1911 only those "aboriginal natives" living near white settlements were enumerated, the main population tables included only those of half or less aboriginal descent.
Details of "half-caste" (but not "ful
Howitt, Queensland
Howitt is a coastal locality in the Shire of Carpentaria, Australia. In the 2016 census, Howitt had a population of 24 people. Howitt is on the western coast of Cape York Peninsula facing the Gulf of Carpentaria; the Burke Developmental Road passes through the locality from north-east to the south-west. The Karumba Developmental Road from the west joins the Burke Developmental Road in Howitt. Many towns and localities in this area have names connected to the Wills expedition. Although not recorded, it is that Howitt is named after Alfred William Howitt, who led a relief mission that rescued the only survivor John King and buried the bodies of Burke and Wills. There are no schools in Howitt; the nearest schools are in Normanton. There are no schools offering secondary Years 12 in the area. Media related to Howitt, Queensland at Wikimedia Commons
