A sigil is a type of symbol used in magic. The term usually refers to a pictorial signature of a spirit. In modern usage, especially in the context of chaos magic, a sigil refers to a symbolic represe
In mathematics, especially historical and recreational mathematics, a magic square is a square array of numbers, usually positive integers, where the sums of the numbers in each row, each column, and
Sigil
…of the spirit and thus granted the magician a measure of control over the beings. A common method of creating the sigils of certain spirits was to use kameas, a special use case of magic squares—the names of the spirits were converted to numbers, which were then located on the magic square. The locations…
Melencolia I (Albrecht Dürer, 1514) includes an order 4 square with magic sum 34
An order 4 magic square, detail from Melencolia I.
Iron plate with an order-6 magic square in Eastern Arabic numerals from China, dating to the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368).
A page displaying 9×9 magic square from Cheng Dawei's Suanfa tongzong (1593).