Siraitia grosvenorii, also known as monk fruit, monkfruit, luohan guo, or Swingle fruit, is a herbaceous perennial vine of the gourd family, Cucurbitaceae. It is native to southern China. The plant is cultivated for its fruit extract, called mogrosides, which creates a sweetness sensation 250 times stronger than sucrose. Mogroside extract has been used as a low-calorie sweetener for drinks and in traditional Chinese medicine.
Siraitia grosvenorii
Dried Siraitia grosvenorii fruit cut open, with the seeds removed
Dish of monkfruit sweetener
A sugar substitute is a food additive that provides a sweetness like that of sugar while containing significantly less food energy than sugar-based sweeteners, making it a zero-calorie or low-calorie sweetener. Artificial sweeteners may be derived through manufacturing of plant extracts or processed by chemical synthesis. Sugar substitute products are commercially available in various forms, such as small pills, powders, and packets.
Three artificial sweeteners in paper packets, coded by color: Equal (aspartame; blue), Sweet'N Low (saccharin, pink), and Splenda (sucralose, yellow). Other colors used are orange for monk fruit extract[citation needed] and green for stevia.
Cyclamate-based sugar substitute sold in Canada (Sweet'N Low)
Saccharin, historical wrapping, Sugar Museum, Berlin