Ralph Gomberg was the principal oboist of the Boston Symphony Orchestra for 37 years. His brother Harold held the same chair with the New York Philharmonic for much of the same period. Ralph Gomberg was born in the West End of Boston, the youngest of seven musically gifted siblings; the family decamped to Philadelphia so that one of the boys could study violin at the Curtis Institute of Music where they had heard students were admitted on merit and went tuition-free. At age 14 Ralph started studying at the Curtis with the great oboe teacher Marcel Tabuteau who had taught his brother Harold. Ralph was the youngest student accepted by Tabuteau, he went on to graduate from the Curtis. At age 18 Ralph Gomberg became the first oboist in a youth orchestra directed by Leopold Stokowski. Gomberg was recruited in 1941 by Eugene Ormandy to play for the US Navy in Baltimore. After a year of this, Gomberg left for Los Angeles to care for an ill brother. While there, he received a call from a young conductor in New York named Leonard Bernstein, looking for a first oboist for his City Center Orchestra and hired him on the phone.

While playing for the City Center Orchestra in New York, Gomberg played for the Mutual Broadcasting Orchestra and founded the New York Woodwind Quintet. In 1950 he joined the Boston Symphony Orchestra and held the principal oboe chair with the BSO for 37 years until he retired. A renowned teacher, Ralph Gomberg served on the faculty of Boston University, New England Conservatory, Tanglewood Music Center. Many of his former students now perform in leading symphony orchestras all over the world including principal oboe and English horn players in Chicago Symphony, Saint Louis Symphony, San Francisco Symphony, Toronto Symphony, Orquestra Simfonica de Barcelona, the Boston Pops, Israel Philharmonic, he died at age 85 in a hospice in Massachusetts of primary lateral sclerosis. His wife, was Director of the Boston Ballet School, the school of Boston Ballet Company. Ralph Gomberg, 85, Oboist With the Boston Symphony, obituary written by Daniel J. Wakin, published in The New York Times, December 12, 2006 The BSO's Ralph Gomberg: an Oboist and a Gentleman, profile written by Caroline Smedvig for BSO, the newsletter of the Boston Symphony Orchestra

Justin McCarthy was an Irish nationalist and Liberal historian and politician. He was a Member of Parliament from 1879 to 1900, taking his seat in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. McCarthy was born in Cork City and was educated there, he began his career as aged 18, in Cork. From 1853 to 1859 he was on the staff of the Northern Daily Times. In March 1855, he married Charlotte Ailman. In 1860 he moved to London, as parliamentary reporter to the Morning Star, of which he became editor in 1864, he gave up his post in 1868, after a lecturing tour in the United States, joined the staff of the Daily News as leader-writer in 1870. In this capacity he became one of the most useful and respected upholders of the liberal politics of the time, he lectured again in America in 1870–71, again in 1886–87. McCarthy was first elected to Parliament at a by-election on 4 April 1879, when he was returned unopposed as a Home Rule League MP for County Longford, he was re-elected unopposed as a Parnellite Home Ruler in 1880, when the two-seat Longford constituency was split into two divisions under the Redistribution of Seats Act, he was elected as an Irish Parliamentary Party member for the new single-seat Northern division of Longford.

His sole opponent, a Conservative, won only 6% of the votes. At the 1886 general election, he was returned unopposed in North Longford, but had stood in Londonderry City, where he was declared to have lost to the Unionist candidate by the narrow margin of 1778 votes to 1781. However, the result was overturned on petition, McCarthy opted to sit for Londonderry City. During the divorce controversy surrounding Charles Stewart Parnell in November 1890, the British Prime Minister Gladstone expressed a warning, given to Justin McCarthy as intermediary, that if Parnell retained leadership of the Irish Parliamentary Party it would mean the loss of the next election, the end of their alliance and Home Rule; when the annual party leadership election meeting was called that month, this threat was somehow not conveyed to the members, who re-elected Parnell leader of the Party. After a further historical meeting of the Irish Party MPs early December, Parnell refused to retire, the Party divided. McCarthy became chairman of the Anti-Parnellite group, or the Irish National Federation and held that post until January 1896.

At the 1892 general election, McCarthy again stood both in Londonderry City. In each seat there was a two-way contest between the Anti-Parnellite McCarthy and a Unionist candidate, but the narrow Unionist victory in Londonderry City was not overturned, McCarthy sat for North Longford, where he had won over 93% of the votes, he was returned unopposed for North Longford in 1895, stood down from Parliament at the 1900 general election. It has been claimed, his earliest publications were novels, some of which, such as A Fair Saxon, Dear Lady Disdain, Miss Misanthrope, Donna Quixote, attained considerable popularity. His most important work is his History of Our Own Times, which treats of the period between Queen Victoria's accession and her Diamond Jubilee, he began a History of the Four Georges. He collaborated on three novels with Rosa Campbell Praed: The Right Honourable, The Rebel Rose, The Ladies' Gallery, they collaborated on The Grey River, a book on the Thames, illustrated with etchings by Mortimer Menpes.

He wrote The Story of a somewhat uncritical biography of William Ewart Gladstone. McCarthy married in 1855, they had a son Justin Huntly McCarthy born in 1859 who became a Member of Parliament, they had a daughter Charlotte born in 1872. McCarthy died in Folkestone, England on 24 April 1912, aged 81. Walker, Brian M.. Parliamentary election results in Ireland 1801–1922. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy. ISBN 0-901714-12-7; this article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed.. "M'Carthy, Justin". Encyclopædia Britannica. 17. Cambridge University Press. Pp. 200–201. Works by Justin McCarthy at Project Gutenberg Works by or about Justin McCarthy at Internet Archive Works by Justin McCarthy at LibriVox Hansard 1803–2005: contributions in Parliament by Justin McCarthy

Olga Havnen is an Aboriginal leader and activist in the Northern Territory of Australia. She is the Chief Executive Officer of the Danila Dilba Health Service in Darwin, an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service. Havnen grew up in Tennant Creek, her great-grandfather was Ah Hong, a Chinese cook who worked on the Overland Telegraph Line and her great-grandmother Ranijika was a Western Arrernte woman. Their daughter Gloria, Havnen's grandmother, was the first Aboriginal woman to own a house in Alice Springs. Havnen's father was a Norwegian sailor who jumped ship in Adelaide and her mother, lived in Tennant Creek. Havnen went to boarding school in Queensland. Havnen has held positions as the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Programs Co-ordinator for the Australian Red Cross, Senior Policy Officer in the Northern Territory Government’s Indigenous Policy Unit, Indigenous Programs Director with the Fred Hollows Foundation, Executive Officer with the National Indigenous Working Group. Havnen was the Coordinator General of Remote Service Provision from 2011 until October 2012, when the Northern Territory Government controversially abolished the position.

She released one report which detailed deficiencies in Northern Territory and Commonwealth Government’s service provision to remote communities in the Northern Territory. She is the Chief Executive Officer of the Danila Dilba Health Service in Darwin, an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Service. Havnen gave evidence at the Royal Commission into the Protection and Detention of Children in the Northern Territory critical of the outcomes and delivery of the Northern Territory National Emergency Response referred to as the Intervention stating “the experience of the Intervention was such a debacle you’d never want that repeated, but I do think that there is a role for the federal government in here in the Northern Territory.”

The eighty-seventh Minnesota Legislature was the legislature of the U. S. state of Minnesota from January 4, 2011, to January 7, 2013. It was composed of the Senate and the House of Representatives, based on the results of the 2010 Senate election and the 2010 House election; the seats were apportioned based on the 2000 United States Census. It first convened in Saint Paul on January 4, 2011 and last met on August 24, 2012, it held its regular session from January 4 to May 23, 2011, from January 24 to May 10, 2012. A special session was held on July 20, 2011, to complete the passage of budget bills. Another special session was held on August 24, 2012, to provide disaster assistance for the flooded areas of Duluth. February 9, 2011: 2011 State of the State Address February 21, 2011: Joint session to elect regents of the University of Minnesota. February 14, 2012: 2012 State of the State Address The legislation listed here is taken from Hot List 2011 - 2012 Regular Session, which is, according to the website of the Minnesota Legislature "an unofficial listing of House and Senate files that have become somewhat to well-known."

This is not an exhaustive list of bills enacted, proposed, or vetoed during the 87th Minnesota Legislature, but rather a list of well-known legislation. May 25, 2011: An act proposing an amendment to the Minnesota Constitution recognizing marriage as only a union between one man and one woman February 23, 2012: Public safety. March 5, 2012: Firearms. All of the bills appearing on the Legislature's Hot List for the 87th Legislature were approved by Governor Mark Dayton, with the notable exceptions of H. F. No. 1467, an act that would have eliminated the duty to retreat with regard to the use of firearms in self-defense and instituted a stand-your-ground law while allowing the use of firearms in self-defense outside the permit holder's home. F. No. 2083, the omnibus K-12 bill. F. No. 1870, an act that would have authorized school districts to base leave of absence and discharge decisions on teacher evaluation outcomes. F. No. 2337, an omnibus tax bill. F. No. 247, another omnibus tax bill, all of which were vetoed, except that H.

F. No. 247 was the subject of a pocket veto rather than a regular veto. In total, 55 acts were vetoed—including 23 passed during the 2011 regular session and 32 passed during the 2012 continuation of the regular session. None of the bills passed during either of the special sessions were vetoed. Two of the 32 vetoes of bills passed during the 2012 continuation were pocket vetoes. There were no line-item vetoes. No acts or items were enacted by the Legislature over the Governor's veto. Resignations and new members are discussed in the "Membership changes" section, below. President: Michelle Fischbach President pro tempore: Gen Olson Majority Leader: Amy Koch David Senjem Deputy Majority Leader: Geoff Michel Julianne Ortman Assistant Majority Leaders: Roger Chamberlain Paul Gazelka David Hann Bill Ingebrigtsen Ted Lillie Doug Magnus Claire Robling David Senjem Dave Thompson Majority Whip: Chris Gerlach Ted Lillie Assistant Majority Whips: John Carlson Al DeKruif Carla Nelson Pam Wolf Minority Leader: Tom Bakk Assistant Minority Leader: Terri Bonoff Speaker: Kurt Zellers Speakers pro temp

Shadow Racing Cars was a Formula One and sports car racing team and based in the United States although Formula One operations were run from the British base in Northampton. The team held an American licence from 1973 to 1975 and a British licence from 1976 to 1980, thus becoming the first constructor to change its nationality, their only F1 victory, at the 1977 Austrian Grand Prix, was achieved as a British team. The company was founded by Don Nichols in California in 1968 as Advanced Vehicle Systems; the first Shadows, the Mk. Is, were entered in the CanAm series with Vic Elford driving them; the Mk.1 featured an innovative design, using small wheels for low drag and, although the car was quick, it was not the most reliable car in the field The team became more competitive the following year, replacing the Harris car with a Peter Bryant design owing some elements to his Ti22 "titanium car" with Jackie Oliver arriving from this effort and finishing eighth in the CanAm championship. The team found some financial backing from Universal Oil Products.

Shadow came to dominate the shortened 1974 series, although by this point they were competing against privateers, the works McLaren and Porsche efforts having left the series. Towards the end of 1972, Nichols announced that he was entering his team into Formula One with UOP sponsored cars designed by Tony Southgate, who had designed the BRM that gave Jean-Pierre Beltoise victory at the Monaco Grand Prix the previous year; the team debuted in Formula One at the 1973 South African Grand Prix with the Shadow DN1 chassis. Two cars were available for drivers Oliver and Follmer, as well as a private entry for Graham Hill who ran his car under the Embassy Hill banner. For 1974, the team hired two of the most promising drivers of the time: American Peter Revson and Frenchman Jean-Pierre Jarier. During a practice run for the 1974 South African Grand Prix, Revson was killed by a suspension failure on his DN3, he was replaced by Tom Pryce. The new DN5 driven by Jarier gained pole position in the two first Grands Prix of the 1975 season but suffered mechanical failure in both races.

The DN5 and most other Shadow Formula One cars used Ford Cosworth DFV engines, which produced around 490 bhp. However in 1975 another car was driven by Jarier, the DN7, was fitted with a Matra V12 engine producing around 550 bhp; the wheelbase was lengthened to accommodate the much larger and more expensive French powerplant, although due to budgetary issues, the Matra-powered DN7 was doomed as a one-off. Jarier's new teammate, won the non-championship Race of Champions that same year. Pryce died in an accident involving a marshal at the 1977 South African Grand Prix; the marshal, Frederick Jansen Van Vuuren, had been running across the track to put out a small fire on the other Shadow car and Pryce was unable avoid the collision because he was un-sighted behind the March of Hans-Joachim Stuck. Before Pryce's car came to a stop it hit Jacques Laffite's Ligier resulting in both cars crashing into the barriers. Frederick's injuries were so severe; the team replaced Pryce with Alan Jones, who won the team's only Grand Prix at the Austrian Grand Prix the same year.

After the 1977 season Shadow entered into a sharp decline. Jones left to join Williams for 1978. In the same period a majority of their staff and their sponsor Franco Ambrosio left to form their own team, taking the young Riccardo Patrese. Despite sponsorship from Villiger tobacco and the signing of experienced drivers Clay Regazzoni and Hans Stuck for the 1978 season, results were poor. In 1980 they were absorbed into Theodore Racing, but Shadow's first ground effect chassis was uncompetitive, only once qualifying a car in seven races. Sponsorship dried up and after the seventh of the year's 14 races Teddy Yip wound up the Shadow team