South Dublin is a county in Ireland, within the province of Leinster, the Dublin Region, the successor to County Dublin, from which its name derives. South Dublin County Council is the local authority for the county; the county contains stretches of unpopulated mountain. In 2011 it had a population of 278,749. South Dublin has an area of 222.74 square kilometres. It is bounded by Dublin City, the River Liffey, Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, County Kildare and its hills adjoin the mountains of County Wicklow to the south; the county town is Tallaght. Other important centres of population are Clondalkin. Much of the county is urbanised but small rural settlements exist in the southern and western parts. South Dublin had a population of 278,749 according to the 2016 census. Several urban areas in South Dublin County are traditionally suburbs of Dublin city. For the purposes of planning and management, the County Council designates the status of towns and suburbs in three tiers - town, district centre and local centre.

In the current development plan, the towns and district centres are listed as: Tallaght, the county seat and the location of The Square Shopping Centre, opened in October 1990 Clondalkin Lucan and with a proposal to develop a Town Centre around the Liffey Valley Centre at Quarryvalewhile the more local centres are noted in three groups: city suburbs including at least Rathfarnham, Palmerstown, Templeogue, Firhouse and Greenhills villages such as Rathcoole and Saggart new neighbourhoods, some within bigger, older areas - including such as Kilnamanagh, Finnstown, and, in development, Adamstown. In Ireland, the usage of the word county nearly always comes before rather than after the county name. In the case of those counties created after 1994, they drop the word county or use it after the name. There appears to be no official guidance in the matter, as the local authority uses all three forms. In 2015, South Dublin became part of the Midland Region. Local government in the region is further regulated by the Local Government Act 1994.

This provided for the legal establishment of the following local government administrative areas: Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown Fingal South Dublinand recognised the extant Dublin Corporation area, vesting its powers in a renamed entity - Dublin City Council. The statutory instrument giving effect to the Act came into force on 1 January 1994; the instrument provided for the abolition of Dublin County Council - the entity that had had responsibility for Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown and South Dublin. The four entities collectively comprise the former entity known as County Dublin; this entity, created during the Norman invasion of Ireland, was abolished under the Acts. South Dublin was based on an existing electoral division, whose boundaries were only finalized in 1993, to accommodate the M50 motorway, used when it was made an Administrative County in 1994; the name of Belgard did have a historical association with the area, being the designation of one of the border fortresses of the Pale that existed in that area.

It was altered, due to a view that the name Belgard might create associations with areas of modern development in Tallaght that now use that name. Various organs of state use alternative subdivisions of the Dublin region for administrative reasons, for example the Dublin postal codes. South Dublin County Council is the local authority for the county, it was established at County Hall at the same time that Dublin County Council and the Corporation of Dún Laoghaire were abolished in 1994, by an Act of the Oireachtas, the Local Government Act 1993. It is one of four councils in the Dublin Region; the county is divided into five local electoral areas for the purpose of elections: Clondalkin, Rathfarnham, Tallaght Central, Tallaght South. Parts of four constituencies for elections to Dáil Éireann are contained within the county's borders, they are: Dublin South-West, Dublin South and Dublin South-Central. From 1885 to 1922, much of the area of the present county was encompassed by the historic Westminster constituency of South County Dublin.

The heraldic crest for South Dublin has the inscription "This We Hold In Trust" in both English and Irish, while incorporating elements relating to the history and present day infrastructure of the area. The League of Ireland club Shamrock Rovers plays at Tallaght Stadium; the stadium hosted the 2009 FAI Cup Final and the Setanta Sports Cup final in 2010 & 2011. The National Basketball Arena in Tallaght is the home venue for both the Ireland national basketball team and Ireland women's national basketball team; the arena hosts various National Cup & League matches. South Dublin is twinned with the London Borough of Brent, United

The A&C Bus Corporation known as the Montgomery & Westside Independent Bus Owners Association, is an independent bus company headquartered in Jersey City, New Jersey. All buses operated by A&C are known for their solid red line on the side of the bus and the phrase "use the bus card on this bus" on the front of the bus. Like many other independent bus lines in the state, the fleet is made up of buses leased from New Jersey Transit. Prior to A&C Bus Corporation's operation of the Bergen Avenue route, the route was operated by Bergen Avenue IBOA; when Bergen Avenue IBOA was unable to make an insurance payment, it abruptly stopped running its only route on March 12, 2011, the New Jersey Department of Transportation granted emergency operating authority to A&C Bus Corporation. A&C Bus Corporation began operating the route on March 16, 2011 with no changes in bus fares, however it reduced operating hours to 6:30AM–10:00PM. Since that time, the owners of Bergen Avenue IBOA stated that it intended on selling the rights to operate the route, however the NJDOT stated the company's rights ceased when it abruptly stopped operating with no warning to passengers.

Prior to A&C Bus Corporation's assuming operations Route 4 was run by Red & Tan in Hudson County, which discontinued service on November 6, 2011. A&C Bus began operating the route between Newport Centre Mall shortly after, it discontinued service on March 2019, citing low ridership. New Jersey Transit route 86 was extended to replace part of the route. New Jersey Transit route 1 was rerouted to replace some of the former Route 4 service along Communipaw and Pacific Avenues beginning on June 22, 2019. A&C Bus Corporation Website New Jersey Transit: Private Carriers

A threaded pipe is a pipe with screw-threaded ends for assembly. The threaded pipes used in some plumbing installations for the delivery of gases or liquids under pressure have a tapered thread, conical; the seal provided by a threaded pipe joint depends upon multiple factors: the labyrinth seal created by the threads. Tapered thread joints do not include a gasket. Precise threads are known as "dry fit" or "dry seal" and require no sealant for a gas-tight seal; such threads are needed where the sealant would contaminate or react with the media inside the piping, e.g. oxygen service. Tapered threaded fittings are sometimes used on plastic piping. Due to the wedging effect of the tapered thread, extreme care must be used to avoid overtightening the joint; the overstressed female fitting may split days, weeks, or years after initial installation. Therefore many municipal plumbing codes restrict the use of threaded plastic pipe fittings. Both British standard and National pipe thread standards specify a thread taper of 1:16.

The nominal diameter is achieved some small distance from the end of the pipe. Pipes may be threaded with cylindrical threaded sections, in which case the threads do not themselves provide any sealing function other than some labyrinth seal effect, which may not be enough to satisfy either functional or code requirements. Instead, an O-ring seated between the shoulder of the male pipe section and an interior surface on the female, provides the seal. NPT Vs. NPTF Taper Pipe Threads Newman Tools Inc. and J. W. WINCO, INC. show the Whitworth form BSP or ISO pipe thread

National Medical College is affiliated with the internationally renowned Tribhuvan University, Nepal. The college has been accorded permanent recognition by the Nepal Medical Council for its total adherence to international standards set for the undergraduate and postgraduate level medical education by the World Federation for Medical Education; the World Health Organization has listed this college in its World Directory of Medical Schools. The Medical and allied Health Science courses offered at this college based on the curriculum of Tribhuvan University. • Age: There is no age limit for admission in Postgraduate Medical Courses in any subject. • Entrance Examination: a. Regarding Nepalese Nationals, selection of applicants is done from among those who have passed and under counselling and on basis of merit list the Postgraduate Medical Entrance Examination conducted by Tribhuban University. B. National Medical College was established in the year 2001, promoted by the “National Medical College Company Pvt. Ltd.” under the Chairmanship of Dr. Jainuddin Ansari, an outstanding surgeon who has earned national and international credentials for the promotion of Medico-Social.

The programs offered by the Medical College are: M. B. B. S. – 6 years Post Graduate Medical Education – 3 years MPH The programs offered by the nursing campus are: Proficiency Certificate Level Nursing – 3 years Bachelor of Science in Nursing – 4 years B. N. Nursing –2 yearsFacilities of the teaching hospital: The Surgery Department has superspecialization facility. Building is designed to suit international standards teaching hospital at present houses internal medicine, nephrology, general surgery, pediatric surgery and trauma obstetrics and gynaecology, eye, skin, venereal disease, anesthesiology, radiology and emergency departments. Official website

Osman Achmatowicz was a Polish professor of chemistry of Lipka Tatar descent. His son, Osman Achmatowicz Jr. is credited with the Achmatowicz reaction in 1971. Professor Osman Achmatowicz was a Polonised Lithuanian Tatar of Muslim denomination. Descended from the Mongolian Golden Horde, his ancestors came to Lithuania in great strength from Crimea in the 15th century, hired by the Grand Duke Witold as valiant, battle hardened and reliable mercenaries; the sixth of eight children in a noble family of an outstanding jurist Alexander Achmatowicz, he was born at the ancestral estate Bergaliszki, near Oszmania on 16 March 1899. Educated at the Royal Corps in St. Petersburg, he was admitted to higher studies at the Mining Institute of Petrograd in 1916, after interruption of its functions caused by the Bolshevik uprising, went to the Ukrainian Industrial Region, where he found a temporary employment as an apprentice at the coal mine Golubowka in the Donetsk Basin. In 1919, after his arrival in Poland, freshly restored to independence, he continued his studies at the faculty of Natural Sciences of the resurrected Vilnius University, named after the Polish king, Stephen Batory, graduated with a diploma of a master of chemistry in 1924.

His post graduate studies consisted of two consecutive parts: Three years of pre-doctoral research work at the organic chemistry department of Vilnius University, under supervision of Professor Casimir Slawinski. His doctoral thesis was devoted to the terpenoid bicyclic hydrocarbon bornylen, he was awarded the degree of chemistry in 1928. Two years of advanced studies/scholarship from the National Culture Fund, Director St. Michalski at the Dyson Perrins Laboratory of the University of Oxford, where his supervisors were Professor William Henry Perkin FRS, after his untimely death in 1929, Professor Robert Robinson of the University of London, 1947 Nobel Prize Winner. At Oxford Osman Achmatowicz attained the degree of doctor of philosophy, on the grounds of his dissertation on studies on the structure of strychnine and brucine. On Return to Vilno, Achmatowicz rejoined the teaching staff of the organic chemistry department of the university, where he continued his research on the structure of strychnos alkaloids.

He devised a new method of degradation using hydrogenolysis of quaternary ammonium salts containing nitrogen in allyl position, in the presence of palladinized charcoal as catalyst. This method became crucial in studies on organic compounds and was subsequently modified by other research workers over rupture of carbon-oxygen bonds. Achmatowicz’s discovery of catalytic hydrogenolysis was assessed by the board of faculty as an important contribution to the advancement of degradation methods in organic chemistry and for this work Achmatowicz received the title of docent in 1933. In the following year, 1934, Achmatowicz was appointed professor extraordinaire to the chair of pharmaceutical and toxicological chemistry, belonging to the faculty of pharmacy of the University of Warsaw; this appointment meant that Achmatowicz was allocated increased research funds and better research facilities, in subsequent research he: Extended the scope of his experiments on the constitution of strychnos alkaloids and within four years realised all three stages of Hofman degradation of dihydrosstrychnidine and dihydro vomicidine Confirmed the validity of catalytic hydrogenolysis for splitting nitrogen-carbon bonds in quaternary unsaturated ammonium salts of the brucine series Established the influence of position of the ethylenic linkage on the reactivity of quaternary salts in catalytic hydrogenolysis..

Achmatowicz carried out further work on the problems of strychnine chemistry in the 1960s with his son Selim, J. Skolik, M. Wiewiorowski and J. Szychowski; the paper resulting from this work was published in 1966 in the volume of Tetrahedron and dedicated to Sir Robert Robinson, founder of the journal. After joining the faculty of pharmacy Achmatowicz developed further research-programs with potential significance for medical sciences, as well as for pharmacy, he embarked on phytochemical research on Polish flora on physiologically active organic components of wild growing plants used in Polish folk-medicine. The following rare species were recommended by Professors J. Muszynski and J. Modrakowski: a) Club-Mosses b) Yellow water-lily and white water-lily After two years Achmatowicz in conjunction with the Polish pharmaceutical industry and Spiess and Son succeeded in isolating and characterising, a number of hitherto unknown alkaloids. In September 1939 all research was halted by the outbreak of war and Achmatowicz’s laboratory and research files were destroyed in subsequent bombing.

During the German occupation, all universities in Poland were closed and disbanded but Achmatowicz undertook secret underground teaching for student groups in Warsaw and Czestochowa. When the war finished Achmatowicz helped inaugurate the Technical University of Łódź; the first Rector, Professor B. Stefanowski, had suggested that it move from Warsaw to Łódź, he organised the chemical faculty of the Technical University of Łódź, as well as his own research workshop under the chair of organic chemistry. This was made possible by a generous grant from the Royal Soci

David Klamen is an American artist and academic. He is known for visually diverse paintings that meld technical mastery with postmodern explorations of the processes by which humans understand and interpret experience. Klamen has exhibited across the United States and Asia, including individual shows at the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago, the Chazen Museum of Art and the Cedar Rapids Museum of Art, major group exhibitions at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Museum of Contemporary Art, San Diego, the Indianapolis Museum of Art, the Crocker Art Museum, his work sits in the permanent collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art and the Whitney Museum of American Art, among others. Klamen has been based in Chicago for most of his career, which includes being an educator for over thirty years at Indiana University Northwest, where he was appointed Founding Dean, School of the Arts in 2018. Klamen has produced multiple distinct, ongoing bodies of work—often shown in tandem—that range from academic realist-like representation to Op Art-like abstraction to warped re-paintings of art historical masterworks.

Los Angeles Times critic David Pagel wrote that a Klamen exhibition could appear to be the work of as many as six distinct artists, yet display sharp focus and virtuoso painting across a constellation of styles and strategies. He called Klamen "a master of the double take," using ambiguity to create epistemological doubt and curiosity in viewers. Critics and curators, such as Kathryn Hixson, have noted in his work an "oscillating relationship" between romantic and logical and objective. Klamen was born in 1961 in Illinois, in the United States, he studied medical illustration at the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, but switched to fine arts and abstract painting. He returned to representational work at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago, melding his regard for Minimalism, realist painting skills, interests in hermeneutics and literature to develop a signature style: dark varnished oil paintings of animals and interiors, rendered with meticulous craftsmanship, such as Kings Knight or Untitled.

Klamen attracted art-world attention while still in school. Soon after graduating, Klamen began teaching at Valparaiso University, at Indiana University Northwest, where he would serve for more than thirty years. In 1986, he was selected for the Museum of Contemporary Art Chicago's "A New Generation from SAIC" show, found himself with a two-year waiting list for new paintings, each of which took up to two months to complete from his loft-studio space in Chicago's Pilsen neighborhood. In 1988, he retained European gallery representation with Galleria L'lsola in Rome and sold out his first exhibition on opening night. Klamen has shown at Richard Gray Gallery since 1991 and at Haines Gallery and Mark Moore Gallery. Prominent group exhibitions featuring his work include: "Mind and Beast", he has received reviews in numerous journals and U. S. and international newspapers. Klamen is married to Dianne Lauble, Principal of Blue Fly Toy and a former Director of Design at Hasbro Toy Group. Klamen's art can be strikingly eclectic, ranging from miniature to monumental, realistic to abstract, meditative to aggressive.

It is unified conceptually, rather than visually, by his investigation of various historical methods of creating meaning, such as empiricism, abstract or rationalized systems like mapping and digital coding and Eastern enlightenment practices like chanting. Klamen brings together wide-ranging influences—Minimalist artists such as Donald Judd, Carl Andre and Walter De Maria, literary sources like Melville's Moby-Dick, the semiotic theories of Charles Sanders Peirce, his work can be classified into five often-overlapping bodies: 1) Darkly varnished paintings. In 1985, Klamen began creating meticulous oil renderings of solitary, frozen animals and atmospheric, noir-ish landscapes based on memory, which he explored for their metaphorical qualities, he nearly obliterated these images with a layer of up to twenty coats of varnish, distancing them under an impenetrable, dark sepia-toned gloss, like insects in amber. This slowed disclosure of the work, as viewers had to allow their eyes to adjust to the hard-to-decipher images.

He complicated the work by overlaying symbols, shapes or lines on the varnished surface or by inexplicably leaving key areas unvarnished—and thus surreally illuminated—creating what critic Donald Kuspit called an "ominous, uncanny contrast." In the early 1990s, Klamen introduced haunting, austere images of architectural interiors—Victorian lobbies and staircases in museums and universities featuring solitary, illuminated precious objects—with works such as in Untitled