Southwest Petroleum University is a provincial public university in Nanchong, Sichuan, China. It is affiliated with the Province of Sichuan, and co-sponsored by the Ministry of Education of China, Sichuan Provincial Government, China National Petroleum Corporation, China Petroleum & Chemical Corporation, and China National Offshore Oil Corporation. The university is part of the Double First-Class Construction.

Nanchong is a prefecture-level city in the northeast of Sichuan province, China, with an area of 12,479.96 km2 (4,818.54 sq mi). At the 2020 census it was home to 5,607,565 people, of whom 1,936,534 lived in the built-up area made of three urban districts. It is the second most populated city of Sichuan Province, after Chengdu. The administrative center is Shunqing District.