Supplication is a form of prayer, wherein one party humbly or earnestly asks another party to provide something, either for the party who is doing the supplicating or on behalf of someone else.
The Supplication by Théodore Ralli, 1905–1909
Denarius minted by M. Aemilius Scaurus in 58 BC, showing the supplication of a figure labeled Rex Aretas with Jupiter driving a quadriga on the reverse
A Muslim raising hands in duʿāʾ
The Iliad is one of two major surviving ancient Greek epic poems attributed to Homer. It is one of the oldest extant works of literature still widely read by modern readers. Like the Odyssey, the poem
Supplication
…is doing the supplicating (e.g., "Please spare my life.") or on behalf of someone else. Supplication is a theme of earliest antiquity, embodied in the Iliad as the prayers of Chryses for the return of his daughter, and of Priam for the dead body of his son, Hector. Richard Martin notes repeated references…
Inscription containing lines 468–473 of Book I, dated to AD 400–500, from Egypt, on display at the British Museum
Iliad, Book VIII, lines 245–253, Greek manuscript, late 5th, early 6th centuries AD
Thetis at Hephaestus's forge waiting to receive Achilles's new weapons, fresco from Pompeii, 1st century
A detail of fresco from the François Tomb at Vulci, showing the sacrifice of Trojan slaves. From left to right: Agamemnon, ghost of Patroclus, Vanth, Achilles beheading a slave, Charun, Ajax the Great, a slave, Ajax the Lesser. 350–330 BC