1.
Los Angeles
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Los Angeles, officially the City of Los Angeles and often known by its initials L. A. is the cultural, financial, and commercial center of Southern California. With a census-estimated 2015 population of 3,971,883, it is the second-most populous city in the United States, Los Angeles is also the seat of Los Angeles County, the most populated county in the United States. The citys inhabitants are referred to as Angelenos, historically home to the Chumash and Tongva, Los Angeles was claimed by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo for Spain in 1542 along with the rest of what would become Alta California. The city was founded on September 4,1781, by Spanish governor Felipe de Neve. It became a part of Mexico in 1821 following the Mexican War of Independence, in 1848, at the end of the Mexican–American War, Los Angeles and the rest of California were purchased as part of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby becoming part of the United States. Los Angeles was incorporated as a municipality on April 4,1850, the discovery of oil in the 1890s brought rapid growth to the city. The completion of the Los Angeles Aqueduct in 1913, delivering water from Eastern California, nicknamed the City of Angels, Los Angeles is known for its Mediterranean climate, ethnic diversity, and sprawling metropolis. Los Angeles also has an economy in culture, media, fashion, science, sports, technology, education, medicine. A global city, it has been ranked 6th in the Global Cities Index, the city is home to renowned institutions covering a broad range of professional and cultural fields, and is one of the most substantial economic engines within the United States. The Los Angeles combined statistical area has a gross metropolitan product of $831 billion, making it the third-largest in the world, after the Greater Tokyo and New York metropolitan areas. The city has hosted the Summer Olympic Games in 1932 and 1984 and is bidding to host the 2024 Summer Olympics and thus become the second city after London to have hosted the Games three times. The Los Angeles area also hosted the 1994 FIFA mens World Cup final match as well as the 1999 FIFA womens World Cup final match, the mens event was watched on television by over 700 million people worldwide. The Los Angeles coastal area was first settled by the Tongva, a Gabrielino settlement in the area was called iyáangẚ, meaning poison oak place. Gaspar de Portolà and Franciscan missionary Juan Crespí, reached the present site of Los Angeles on August 2,1769, in 1771, Franciscan friar Junípero Serra directed the building of the Mission San Gabriel Arcángel, the first mission in the area. The Queen of the Angels is an honorific of the Virgin Mary, two-thirds of the settlers were mestizo or mulatto with a mixture of African, indigenous and European ancestry. The settlement remained a small town for decades, but by 1820. Today, the pueblo is commemorated in the district of Los Angeles Pueblo Plaza and Olvera Street. New Spain achieved its independence from the Spanish Empire in 1821, during Mexican rule, Governor Pío Pico made Los Angeles Alta Californias regional capital
2.
California
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California is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area. Located on the western coast of the U. S, California is bordered by the other U. S. states of Oregon, Nevada, and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California. Los Angeles is Californias most populous city, and the second largest after New York City. The Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nations second- and fifth-most populous urban regions, California also has the nations most populous county, Los Angeles County, and its largest county by area, San Bernardino County. The Central Valley, an agricultural area, dominates the states center. What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries, the Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony. The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its war for independence. The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California, the California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes, with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom. If it were a country, California would be the 6th largest economy in the world, fifty-eight percent of the states economy is centered on finance, government, real estate services, technology, and professional, scientific and technical business services. Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the states economy, the story of Calafia is recorded in a 1510 work The Adventures of Esplandián, written as a sequel to Amadis de Gaula by Spanish adventure writer Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. The kingdom of Queen Calafia, according to Montalvo, was said to be a land inhabited by griffins and other strange beasts. This conventional wisdom that California was an island, with maps drawn to reflect this belief, shortened forms of the states name include CA, Cal. Calif. and US-CA. Settled by successive waves of arrivals during the last 10,000 years, various estimates of the native population range from 100,000 to 300,000. The Indigenous peoples of California included more than 70 distinct groups of Native Americans, ranging from large, settled populations living on the coast to groups in the interior. California groups also were diverse in their organization with bands, tribes, villages. Trade, intermarriage and military alliances fostered many social and economic relationships among the diverse groups, the first European effort to explore the coast as far north as the Russian River was a Spanish sailing expedition, led by Portuguese captain Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo, in 1542. Some 37 years later English explorer Francis Drake also explored and claimed a portion of the California coast in 1579. Spanish traders made unintended visits with the Manila galleons on their trips from the Philippines beginning in 1565
3.
John McEnroe
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John Patrick McEnroe Jr. is an American former World No.1 professional tennis player, often rated among the greatest players of all time in the sport, especially for his touch on the volley. He won seven Grand Slam singles titles, nine Grand Slam mens doubles titles and he also won a record eight year-end championships,19 Grand Prix Super Series titles, and finished his career with 77 ATP-listed singles titles and 78 in doubles. In 1981,1983 and 1984 he was both the ATP player of the year and the ITF World Champion for Mens singles and his match record of 82–3 in 1984 remains the best single season win rate of the Open Era. McEnroe is a former Captain of the United States Davis Cup team and he continues to play tennis and competes in senior events on the ATP Champions Tour. He was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1999, after his tennis career he became a television commentator, a game show host and a chat show host. Additionally, he has appeared in films and television shows as himself and has played music live. He has been married since 1997 to musician and former Scandal lead singer Patty Smyth, McEnroe was born in Wiesbaden, Hessen, West Germany, to American parents, John Patrick McEnroe Sr. and his wife Kay, née Tresham. His father, who is of Irish descent, was at the time stationed with the United States Air Force, in 1960, the family moved to the New York City area, where McEnroes father worked daytime as an advertising agent while attending Fordham Law School by night. He has two brothers, Mark and former professional tennis player Patrick. McEnroe grew up in Douglaston, Queens, New York City and he started playing tennis when he was eight, at the nearby Douglaston Club with his brothers. When he was nine, his parents enrolled him in the Eastern Lawn Tennis Association and he then began competing in national juniors tournaments, and at twelve—when he was ranked seven in his age group—he joined the Port Washington Tennis Academy, Long Island, New York. McEnroe attended Trinity School and graduated in 1977 and it was the best performance by a qualifier at a Grand Slam tournament and a record performance by an amateur in the open era. After Wimbledon in 1977, McEnroe entered Stanford University and won the National Collegiate Athletic Association singles, later in 1978, he joined the ATP tour and signed his first professional endorsement deal, with Sergio Tacchini. He again advanced to the semifinals at a Grand Slam, this time the US Open, following which, he proceeded to win five titles that year, including his first Masters Grand Prix, beating Arthur Ashe in straight sets. In 1979, McEnroe won the Wimbledon Doubles title, the duo later adding the 1979 US Open Doubles title to their haul as well, McEnroe won his first Grand Slam singles title at the US Open. He defeated his friend Vitas Gerulaitis in straight sets in the final to become the youngest male winner of the title at the US Open since Pancho Gonzales. He also won the prestigious season-ending WCT Finals, beating Björn Borg in four sets, McEnroe won 10 singles and 17 doubles titles that year. At Wimbledon, McEnroe reached the 1980 Wimbledon Mens Singles final—his first final at Wimbledon—where he faced Björn Borg, at the start of the final, McEnroe was booed by the crowd as he entered Centre Court following heated exchanges with officials during his semifinal victory over Jimmy Connors
4.
Ryan O'Neal
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Charles Patrick Ryan ONeal, known professionally as Ryan ONeal, is an American actor and former boxer. ONeal trained as a boxer before beginning his career in acting in 1960. In 1964, he landed the role of Rodney Harrington on the ABC nighttime soap opera Peyton Place, the series was an instant hit and boosted ONeals career. He later found success in films, most notably Love Story, for which he received Academy Award and Golden Globe nominations as Best Actor, Whats Up, Paper Moon, Stanley Kubricks Barry Lyndon, and A Bridge Too Far. Since 2007, he has had a role in the TV series Bones as Max. ONeal was born in Los Angeles, California, the eldest son of actress Patricia Ruth Olga and novelist and his father was of English and Irish descent, while his mother was of paternal Irish and maternal Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry. His brother, Kevin, is an actor and screenwriter, ONeal attended University High School in Los Angeles, and trained there to become a Golden Gloves boxer. During the late 1950s, his father had a job writing on a series called Citizen Soldier, and moved the family to Munich. ONeal appeared in guest roles on series that included The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis, Leave It to Beaver, Bachelor Father, Westinghouse Playhouse, from 1962 to 1963, he was a regular on NBCs Empire, another modern day western, where he played Tal Garrett. In 1964 he was cast as Rodney Harrington in the time serial drama Peyton Place. The series was a big success, making national names of its cast including ONeal, several were offered movie roles, including Mia Farrow and Barbara Parkins. Eventually ONeal was cast in the lead of The Big Bounce, then he played an Olympic athlete in The Games. The Games had been co written by Erich Segal, who recommended ONeal for the lead in Love Story, based on Segals novel, a number of actors had turned down the role including Beau Bridges and Jon Voight before it was offered to ONeal. His fee was $25,000, he had an offer that paid five times as much to appear in a Jerry Lewis film but ONeal knew that Love Story was the better prospect, I hope the young people like it, he said before the film came out. I dont want to go back to TV, I dont want to go back to those NAB conventions. In between the production and release. ONeal appeared in a TV movie written by Eric Ambler, Love Hate Love and he also made a Western, Wild Rovers with William Holden for director Blake Edwards. Love Story turned out to be a box office phenomenon and it made ONeal a star and earned him a nomination for an Academy Award for Best Actor
5.
Joanna Moore
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Joanna Moore was an American film and television actress. Over the course of her career, she appeared in more than eighty television, Moores career hit its peak in the 1960s. During that time, she guest starred in popular shows of the era including Alfred Hitchcock Presents, Perry Mason, Bewitched. One of her more notable recurring roles was as Sheriff Andy Taylors love interest, Moore was a guest star in television westerns like Wagon Train, Gunsmoke, The Rebel, and The Virginian. By the 1970s, her career began to wane because of drug and she made her final onscreen appearance in 1986. She was married to actor Ryan ONeal from 1963 to 1967, Moore died of lung cancer in 1997. She was born Dorothy Joanne Cook in Americus, Georgia, the elder of two daughters of Dorothy Martha and Henry Anderson Cook III, when she was a child, her parents and younger sister were involved in a fatal car accident, on March 31,1941. Her mother and sister died immediately, while her father died a year after the accident from the injuries he sustained, Moore was then adopted by a wealthy local family and changed her name from Dorothy to Joanna. As a teen, she married and quickly divorced Willis Moore in 1951, after the divorce, she attended Agnes Scott College in Decatur, Georgia. While attending college, she entered and won a beauty contest and was brought to Hollywood, Moores acting career began when she was spotted at a cocktail party by a producer for Universal. Moore made her debut in the November 8,1956 episode of Lux Video Theatre. The following year, she made her debut in the 1957 crime drama. Later that year, she appeared in episodes of Goodyear Theater and Harbourmaster, along with another film, Slim Carter. From 1958 to 1959, Moore landed guest spots on television including Studio One, Suspicion, The Rough Riders, Bourbon Street Beat, Bat Masterson, The Real McCoys, and Riverboat. She made a guest appearance on Perry Mason as the character in the 1958 episode. During the 1960s, Moore continued her career guest starring on television shows in addition to film appearances. From 1960 to 1961, she guest starred on Five Fingers, The Rebel, Hong Kong, The Untouchables,77 Sunset Strip, Going My Way, and Empire. In 1962, Moore appeared as Miss Precious in Walk on the Wild Side with Jane Fonda, Barbara Stanwyck and Capucine, followed by the musical and that same year, Moore appeared in four episodes of The Andy Griffith Show as Peggy Peg McMillan, Sheriff Taylors love interest
6.
Academy Awards
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The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette, officially called the Academy Award of Merit, which has become commonly known by its nickname Oscar. The awards, first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel, are overseen by AMPAS, the awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953. It is now live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online. The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony and its equivalents – the Emmy Awards for television, the Tony Awards for theater, and the Grammy Awards for music and recording – are modeled after the Academy Awards. The 89th Academy Awards ceremony, honoring the best films of 2016, were held on February 26,2017, at the Dolby Theatre, in Los Angeles, the ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC. A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th, the first Academy Awards presentation was held on May 16,1929, at a private dinner function at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel with an audience of about 270 people. The post-awards party was held at the Mayfair Hotel, the cost of guest tickets for that nights ceremony was $5. Fifteen statuettes were awarded, honoring artists, directors and other participants in the industry of the time. The ceremony ran for 15 minutes, winners were announced to media three months earlier, however, that was changed for the second ceremony in 1930. Since then, for the rest of the first decade, the results were given to newspapers for publication at 11,00 pm on the night of the awards. The first Best Actor awarded was Emil Jannings, for his performances in The Last Command and he had to return to Europe before the ceremony, so the Academy agreed to give him the prize earlier, this made him the first Academy Award winner in history. With the fourth ceremony, however, the system changed, for the first six ceremonies, the eligibility period spanned two calendar years. At the 29th ceremony, held on March 27,1957, until then, foreign-language films had been honored with the Special Achievement Award. The 74th Academy Awards, held in 2002, presented the first Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, since 1973, all Academy Awards ceremonies always end with the Academy Award for Best Picture. The Academy also awards Nicholl Fellowships in Screenwriting, see also § Awards of Merit categories The best known award is the Academy Award of Merit, more popularly known as the Oscar statuette. The five spokes represent the branches of the Academy, Actors, Writers, Directors, Producers. The model for the statuette is said to be Mexican actor Emilio El Indio Fernández, sculptor George Stanley sculpted Cedric Gibbons design. The statuettes presented at the ceremonies were gold-plated solid bronze
7.
Paper Moon (film)
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Paper Moon is a 1973 American comedy-drama film directed by Peter Bogdanovich and released by Paramount Pictures. Screenwriter Alvin Sargent adapted the script from the novel Addie Pray by Joe David Brown, the film, shot in black-and-white, is set in Kansas and Missouri during the Great Depression. It stars the real-life father and daughter pairing of Ryan and Tatum ONeal as protagonists Moze, con man Moses Pray meets 9-year-old Addie Loggins at Addies mothers graveside service, where the neighbors suspect he is Addies father. He denies this, but agrees to deliver the orphaned Addie to her aunts home in St. Joseph, at a local grain mill, Moses convinces the brother of the man who accidentally killed Addies mother, to give him two hundred dollars for the newly orphaned Addie. Addie joins the scam, pretending she is his daughter, and exhibits a talent for confidence tricks, as time passes, Moses and Addie become a formidable team. Much to Addies chagrin, Moze invites Miss Trixie—and her downtrodden maid, Imogene —to join him, Addie soon becomes friends with Imogene, and becomes jealous of Trixie. At a hotel in Kansas, Moze finds a store of whiskey, steals some of it. Unfortunately, the brother is the sheriff, who quickly arrests Moze. Addie hides their money, steals back the key to their car, to elude pursuit, they trade their new car for a decrepit Model T farm truck after Moze beats a hillbilly in a wrasslin match. The sheriff finds them in Missouri, and unable to arrest Moze, he and his cohorts beat, humiliated, Moze drops Addie at her aunts house in St Joseph, but Addie, disappointed, rejoins him on the road. When he refuses her company, she reminds him that he owes her two hundred dollars, and reveals that his truck has rolled away without him, whereupon they leave together. Bogdanovich, a fan of films, and having two young daughters of his own, found himself drawn to the story, and selected it as his next film. At the suggestion of Polly Platt, Bogdanovich approached eight-year-old Tatum ONeal to audition for the role although she had no acting experience, Bogdanovich had recently worked with Tatums father Ryan ONeal on Whats Up, Doc. and decided to cast them as the leads. Various changes were made in adapting the book to film, the location was also changed from the rural south of the novel – primarily Alabama – to midwestern Kansas and Missouri. The film was shot in the towns of Hays, Kansas, McCracken, Kansas, Wilson, Kansas. The car Moses is driving when he agrees to take Addie home is a 1930 Ford Model A convertible, the car Moses buys to impress Miss Trixie is a 1936 Ford V8 De Luxe convertible. The whiskey being sold by the bootlegger shown toward the end of the film is Three Feathers blended whiskey, Peter Bogdanovich also decided to change the name of the film from Addie Pray. While selecting music for the film, he heard the song Its Only a Paper Moon, seeking advice from his close friend and mentor Orson Welles, Bogdanovich listed Paper Moon as a possible alternative
8.
The Bad News Bears
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The Bad News Bears is a 1976 American sports comedy film directed by Michael Ritchie. It stars Walter Matthau and Tatum ONeal, the film was followed by two sequels, The Bad News Bears in Breaking Training in 1977 and The Bad News Bears Go to Japan in 1978, a short-lived 1979–80 CBS television series, and a 2005 remake. The original screenplay was written by Bill Lancaster, notable was the score by Jerry Fielding, which is an adaptation of the principal themes of Bizets opera Carmen. To settle the lawsuit, the league agrees to add an additional team—the Bears—which is composed of the worst players, Buttermaker becomes coach of the unlikely team. Shunned by the competitive teams, the Bears are outsiders. He tells them that he is the one who had quit, that quitting is a thing to overcome. In fear and respect, the run out on the field. They then lose the next game 18-0, but they finished the game, Buttermaker rewards their efforts with hot dogs and soft drinks, showing that they are coming together as a team. She now peddles maps to movie-stars homes, Amanda tries to convince Buttermaker that she has given up baseball, but then she reveals that she had been practicing on the sly. Amanda makes a number of demands as conditions for joining the team. Buttermaker asks, Who do you think you are, Catfish Hunter, with Amanda on the team, the Bears become competitive, but after another loss in which Lupus drops a fly ball and allows the winning score, Tanner grows enraged at Lupus. Buttermaker instills in his team the concept of team wins and team losses, the next day at the snack bar, Tanner shuns Lupus for his apparently gross eating habits. Tanner then confronts Joey and shoves his burrito in Turners face, Lupus expresses his appreciation for Tanner taking up for him. Tanner responds by advising Lupus to wipe his nose more often so people will not give him all the time. The sight of a crestfallen Lupus leads Tanner to take a more friendly approach to the bullied boy, rounding out the team, Buttermaker recruits the best athlete in the area, who also happens to be a cigarette-smoking, loan-sharking, Harley-Davidson-riding troublemaker, Kelly Leak. No one else on the team is pleased at first with the new additions, but with Amanda and Leak on board, however, some issues begin to appear. Wanting to get to the game, Buttermaker tells Kelly to hog the fly balls to make the outs. When the other outfielders get resentful, Kelly stops, incurring Buttermakers ire, after the game, Amanda begins suggesting that she, Buttermaker, and her mom spend time together, but Buttermaker shrugs off the idea
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